This thesis aims to examine how Native Americans survive through storytelling, using Linda Hogan¡¦s Solar Storms as my anchor text. The entire work proceeds in five chapters. The first chapter is my introduction. Chapter Two, ¡§Famine Stories,¡¨ delineates the mental starvation that Native Americans suffer. In this novel, there are abundant stories dealing with the trauma caused by colonial deprivation. Such stories are termed as ¡§famine stories,¡¨ which according to its influential level, is further divided into three kinds¡Xpersonal famine stories, familial famine stories, and communal famine stories. These stories intertwine with one another, and their causes can all be traced to the colonial history. Chapter Two, ¡§Feed Me Stories,¡¨ intends to seek a recovery from Native people¡¦s mental famine. Taking Angel¡¦s self-constructing journey as an example, I argue that storytelling reconnects the lost Native American with the lost past. In addition, stories reconstruct the Native worldview, which looks forward to harmony and balance between the human and non-human. Emerged in her grandmothers¡¦ storytelling, Angel comes to realize her mother culture and rebuild her Native identity. Moreover, she retrieves her correlation with the land, develops an intimacy with animals and plants and inherits her family tradition to be an herbal woman. She at last recovers from her psychical wounds. Chapter Three, ¡§The Future Storyteller,¡¨ sheds light on Hogan¡¦s intention to carry Native survivance into the future. Protesting against dam construction, Angel takes the tribal future as her responsibility. She devotes her love to nurturing the tribal youth and justifying her Native living right by revealing the deprivation which traumatizes the Native community. Her telling is powerful. It challenges the dominators¡¦ covering the truth up, and puts Native perspective into attention. She de-annihilates Native culture and assures its prosperity in the future. What she does corresponds to Gerald Vizenor¡¦s ¡§Native Survivance,¡¨ ensuring ¡§an active sense of presence,¡¨ and ¡§the continuance of native stories¡¨ (vii). The entire tribe is reunified due to storyteller¡¦s effort and the community is again ¡§the Beautiful People¡¨ (313).

This Master's thesis deals with design of sensor network for synchronised low-level recording of changes in magnetic part of Earth's field in ELF band in multiple places. The goal is acquisition of changes due to solar storm activity, while taking into account, that in research of geomagnetic effects connected with solar events is spectrum of interest broader and reach up to VLF, where a solution is often made of combination of receivers in ELF and VLF, a decision was made, after consulting with thesis supervisor and researchers, that device will be designed for ELF, but can be easily modified, by changing preamplifier, for using in higher frequency bands, creating a solid founding for further measurements and research in this field.

Since the earliest published American narratives, writers and subsequent Western clinicians alike have often mislabeled Indigenous behaviors, especially the behaviors of Indigenous women, as insanity. And yet, as Pemina Yellow Bird (Three Affiliated Tribes) explains, "Native peoples generally do not have a notion of "insane" or "mentally ill." (4). Instead, Indigenous peoples often discuss mental health in their communities through storytelling. As but one example of the ways that cultural narratives work to reclaim Indigenous understandings of mental health, this paper analyzes how the writings of Chickasaw author Linda Hogan challenge non-Indigenous understandings of mental health as a gendered phenomenon within tribal communities. Hogan does this in ways that destigmatize behaviors including hallucinations or prophetic dreams that Western medicine considers abnormal, and reintroduces community-specific understandings of these behaviors as either a supernatural phenomenon or a gift of foreknowledge. Hogan's novel Solar Storms (1995), in particular, reframes stereotypical images of tribal women as insane with images of Indigenous women as cultural, political, and spiritual leaders in their communities. While she addresses community-specific understandings of actual mental illness, Hogan also characterizes what many might mistake for mental illness as the essential foresight of Indigenous women and thereby offers a healing corrective to the prevailing narrative of Indigenous women's presumed insanity. A central discussion in this paper is how Hogan defines knowledge-making and Indigenous women's rights and responsibilities in Solar Storms. The term "rights and responsibilities" refers to a sense of stewardship Indigenous women in the novel experience to protect land and community: this charge may include giving life through childbirth, communicating with animals and the dead, dreaming of medicinal plants, intuitively remembering traditional song and dance, "seeing" creatures without one's eyesight, and healing abilities, among others. Female knowledge-making, then, refers to insights about oneself, community, and the material and immaterial world in enacting these behaviors. By expressing the possibilities of Indigenous women's relationship with the natural and supernatural world instead of either exoticizing or dismissing them, Solar Storms works to legitimize Indigenous modes of female knowledge-making in the face of ongoing colonial assumptions about Indigenous insanity.

A study of large solar storms in the equinox periods of solar cycles 23 and 24 is presented to quantify their effects on the total electron content (TEC) in the ionosphere. We study the dependence of TEC over the contiguous US on various storm parameters, including the onset time of the storm, the duration of the storm, its intensity, and the rate of change of the ring current response. These parameters are inferred autonomously and compared to TEC values obtained from the CORS network of GPS stations. To quantify the effects we examine the difference between the storm-time TEC value and an average from 5 quiet days during the same month. These values are studied over a grid with 1 deg x 1 deg spatial resolution in latitude and longitude over the US sector. Correlations between storm parameters and the quantified delta TEC values are studied using machine learning techniques to identify the most important controlling variables. The weights inferred by the algorithm for each input variable show their importance to the resultant TEC change. The results of this work are compared to recent TEC studies to investigate the effects of large storms on the distribution of ionospheric density over large spatial and temporal scales. / MS

Linda Hogan é uma autora Chickasaw cuja extensa obra inclui romances, contos, poesia, drama e ensaios. Da mesma forma, ela é uma ambientalista cujo ativismo se baseia em uma compreensão Nativo-Americano da natureza e das relações entre os seres humanos e não-humanos. Focando em dois de seus romances, Solar Storms (1995) e Power (1998), a presente dissertação explora os processos de cura de suas protagonistas, Angela e Omishto, respectivamente. Em ambos romances, as personagens se engajam em um movimento de abandono do modo de ser Euro-americano – um modo de ser fortemente orientado pela ideologia do Destino Manifesto –, em direção a um reencontro com sua ancestralidade nativa e a uma apreensão tribal da vida e do mundo. Especificamente, esse trabalho explora o gradual engajamento das personagens no que a autora Laguna Paula Gunn Allen (1992) define como um senso de tempo cerimonial – a ceremonial time sense: uma experiência temporal particular que engendra uma integração psíquica, e se opõe à experiência cronológica e mecânica do tempo, a qual produz fragmentação no sentido de fortalecer a sensação de separação entre tempo e espaço, pessoa e lugar, natureza e cultura. Esse trabalho analisa como o movimento das personagens em direção a um rico autorreconhecimento enquanto indígenas (OWENS, 1994) representa um movimento de abertura aos fluxos do mundo, bem como um processo de dissolução de categorias fortemente enraizadas, tais quais sujeito e objeto, eu interno e mundo externo. Além disso, a presente dissertação examina de que forma um senso de tempo cerimonial se conecta à noção de sacred hoop (Plains tribes) – uma unidade abrangente que abarca a existência como um todo, e na qual todos os movimentos estão conectados e se relacionam entre si. / Linda Hogan is a Chickasaw author whose extensive work includes novels, short stories, plays, poetry, and essays. She is also an environmentalist whose activism is built upon a Native understanding of nature and the relations between human and nonhuman beings. This thesis focuses on two of her novels, Solar Storms (1995) and Power (1998), and explores the healing processes of their protagonists, Angela and Omishto, respectively. In both novels, the characters engage in a movement of abandoning a mainstream American way of being – a way of being highly informed by the ideology of Manifest Destiny – toward a reconnection with their Native ancestry and a tribal apprehension of life and the world. Specifically, this work explores the characters’ gradual engagement in what Laguna author Paula Gunn Allen (1992) defines as a ceremonial time sense, a particular experience of time that engenders a psychic integration, as opposed to a mechanical, clock-based time sense, which generates fragmentation and enhances a separation between time and space, person and place, nature and culture. This work explores how the characters’ movement toward a rich self-recognition as Indians (OWENS, 1994) represents a movement of opening to the motions of the lifeworld, as well as the dissolution of deep-rooted categories such as subject and object, internal self and external world. Furthermore, this thesis examines how a ceremonial time sense is connected to the Plains tribes’ conception of a sacred hoop – an all-encompassing unity that contains the whole of existence, and in which all movement is related to all other movement.

Linda Hogan é uma autora Chickasaw cuja extensa obra inclui romances, contos, poesia, drama e ensaios. Da mesma forma, ela é uma ambientalista cujo ativismo se baseia em uma compreensão Nativo-Americano da natureza e das relações entre os seres humanos e não-humanos. Focando em dois de seus romances, Solar Storms (1995) e Power (1998), a presente dissertação explora os processos de cura de suas protagonistas, Angela e Omishto, respectivamente. Em ambos romances, as personagens se engajam em um movimento de abandono do modo de ser Euro-americano – um modo de ser fortemente orientado pela ideologia do Destino Manifesto –, em direção a um reencontro com sua ancestralidade nativa e a uma apreensão tribal da vida e do mundo. Especificamente, esse trabalho explora o gradual engajamento das personagens no que a autora Laguna Paula Gunn Allen (1992) define como um senso de tempo cerimonial – a ceremonial time sense: uma experiência temporal particular que engendra uma integração psíquica, e se opõe à experiência cronológica e mecânica do tempo, a qual produz fragmentação no sentido de fortalecer a sensação de separação entre tempo e espaço, pessoa e lugar, natureza e cultura. Esse trabalho analisa como o movimento das personagens em direção a um rico autorreconhecimento enquanto indígenas (OWENS, 1994) representa um movimento de abertura aos fluxos do mundo, bem como um processo de dissolução de categorias fortemente enraizadas, tais quais sujeito e objeto, eu interno e mundo externo. Além disso, a presente dissertação examina de que forma um senso de tempo cerimonial se conecta à noção de sacred hoop (Plains tribes) – uma unidade abrangente que abarca a existência como um todo, e na qual todos os movimentos estão conectados e se relacionam entre si. / Linda Hogan is a Chickasaw author whose extensive work includes novels, short stories, plays, poetry, and essays. She is also an environmentalist whose activism is built upon a Native understanding of nature and the relations between human and nonhuman beings. This thesis focuses on two of her novels, Solar Storms (1995) and Power (1998), and explores the healing processes of their protagonists, Angela and Omishto, respectively. In both novels, the characters engage in a movement of abandoning a mainstream American way of being – a way of being highly informed by the ideology of Manifest Destiny – toward a reconnection with their Native ancestry and a tribal apprehension of life and the world. Specifically, this work explores the characters’ gradual engagement in what Laguna author Paula Gunn Allen (1992) defines as a ceremonial time sense, a particular experience of time that engenders a psychic integration, as opposed to a mechanical, clock-based time sense, which generates fragmentation and enhances a separation between time and space, person and place, nature and culture. This work explores how the characters’ movement toward a rich self-recognition as Indians (OWENS, 1994) represents a movement of opening to the motions of the lifeworld, as well as the dissolution of deep-rooted categories such as subject and object, internal self and external world. Furthermore, this thesis examines how a ceremonial time sense is connected to the Plains tribes’ conception of a sacred hoop – an all-encompassing unity that contains the whole of existence, and in which all movement is related to all other movement.

Linda Hogan é uma autora Chickasaw cuja extensa obra inclui romances, contos, poesia, drama e ensaios. Da mesma forma, ela é uma ambientalista cujo ativismo se baseia em uma compreensão Nativo-Americano da natureza e das relações entre os seres humanos e não-humanos. Focando em dois de seus romances, Solar Storms (1995) e Power (1998), a presente dissertação explora os processos de cura de suas protagonistas, Angela e Omishto, respectivamente. Em ambos romances, as personagens se engajam em um movimento de abandono do modo de ser Euro-americano – um modo de ser fortemente orientado pela ideologia do Destino Manifesto –, em direção a um reencontro com sua ancestralidade nativa e a uma apreensão tribal da vida e do mundo. Especificamente, esse trabalho explora o gradual engajamento das personagens no que a autora Laguna Paula Gunn Allen (1992) define como um senso de tempo cerimonial – a ceremonial time sense: uma experiência temporal particular que engendra uma integração psíquica, e se opõe à experiência cronológica e mecânica do tempo, a qual produz fragmentação no sentido de fortalecer a sensação de separação entre tempo e espaço, pessoa e lugar, natureza e cultura. Esse trabalho analisa como o movimento das personagens em direção a um rico autorreconhecimento enquanto indígenas (OWENS, 1994) representa um movimento de abertura aos fluxos do mundo, bem como um processo de dissolução de categorias fortemente enraizadas, tais quais sujeito e objeto, eu interno e mundo externo. Além disso, a presente dissertação examina de que forma um senso de tempo cerimonial se conecta à noção de sacred hoop (Plains tribes) – uma unidade abrangente que abarca a existência como um todo, e na qual todos os movimentos estão conectados e se relacionam entre si. / Linda Hogan is a Chickasaw author whose extensive work includes novels, short stories, plays, poetry, and essays. She is also an environmentalist whose activism is built upon a Native understanding of nature and the relations between human and nonhuman beings. This thesis focuses on two of her novels, Solar Storms (1995) and Power (1998), and explores the healing processes of their protagonists, Angela and Omishto, respectively. In both novels, the characters engage in a movement of abandoning a mainstream American way of being – a way of being highly informed by the ideology of Manifest Destiny – toward a reconnection with their Native ancestry and a tribal apprehension of life and the world. Specifically, this work explores the characters’ gradual engagement in what Laguna author Paula Gunn Allen (1992) defines as a ceremonial time sense, a particular experience of time that engenders a psychic integration, as opposed to a mechanical, clock-based time sense, which generates fragmentation and enhances a separation between time and space, person and place, nature and culture. This work explores how the characters’ movement toward a rich self-recognition as Indians (OWENS, 1994) represents a movement of opening to the motions of the lifeworld, as well as the dissolution of deep-rooted categories such as subject and object, internal self and external world. Furthermore, this thesis examines how a ceremonial time sense is connected to the Plains tribes’ conception of a sacred hoop – an all-encompassing unity that contains the whole of existence, and in which all movement is related to all other movement.

Terrestrial auroras are visible-light events caused by charged particles trapped by the Earth's magnetic eld precipitating into the atmosphere along magnetic eld lines near the poles. Auroral events are very dynamic, changing rapidly in time and across large spatial scales. Better knowledge of the low of energy during an aurora will improve understanding of the heating processes in the atmosphere during geomagnetic and solar storms. The Auroral Spatial Structures Probe is a sounding rocket campaign to observe the middle-atmosphere plasma and electromagnetic environment during an auroral event with multipoint simultaneous measurements for fine temporal and spatial resolution. The auroral event in question occurred on January 28, 2015, with liftoff the rocket at 10:41:01 UTC. The goal of this thesis is to produce clear observations of the magnetic eld that may be used to model the current systems of the auroral event. To achieve this, the attitude of ASSP's 7 independent payloads must be estimated, and a new attitude determination method is attempted. The new solution uses nonlinear least-squares parameter estimation with a rigid-body dynamics simulation to determine attitude with an estimated accuracy of a few degrees. Observed magnetic eld perturbations found using the new attitude solution are presented, where structures of the perturbations are consistent with previous observations and electromagnetic theory.

O ‘Parsley Massacre’ – o assassinato de haitianos que viviam na República Dominicana em 1937 – é o tema de The farming of bones (1998), escrito por Edwidge Danticat, que oferece ao leitor o testemunho ficcional de uma sobrevivente da violência do genocídio. De forma similar, em Solar storms (1995), Linda Hogan faz a descendente de um povo que foi massacrado a protagonista de uma busca pelo passado e pela história de seu povo. Ambos os romances empregam estratégias narrativas em busca da representação ficcional do trauma como experiência pessoal e coletiva, implicando o leitor na produção de sentido (CARUTH 1996; FREUD; 1920). É através do recordar e reviver o passado que os sujeitos traumatizados podem tentar compreender sua situação presente e reivindicar uma identidade para si mesmos (HALL, 2006). A revisão do passado, e precisamente de um passado silenciado, proporciona que as vozes de uma comunidade possam ser ouvidas e suas histórias trazidas à luz. Nesse estudo, eu busco investigar de que forma tais histórias são construídas, quais seus efeitos na superfície textual e suas implicações no empoderamento dos sujeitos. Além disso, investigo as conexões entre o corpo traumatizado e a mente, compreendendo o corpo como uma superfície histórica que recebe a inscrição da experiência humana (GROSZ, 1994). / The Parsley Massacre – the killing of Haitians living in the Dominican Republic in 1937 – is the theme of The farming of bones (1998), written by Edwidge Danticat, who offers the reader a fictional testimony of a survivor of the violence of genocide. Similarly, in Solar storms (1995), Linda Hogan makes the descendant of a massacred people the protagonist of a search for the past and her people’s history. Both novels employ narrative strategies for a fictional representation of trauma, as personal and collective experiences, implicating the reader in the production of meaning (CARUTH 1996; FREUD; 1920). It is by reliving and re-experiencing the past that traumatized subjects can make sense of their present condition and claim an identity for themselves (HALL, 2006). It is by revising the past, a historically silenced past, that the voices of a community can be heard and their stories brought out to light. In this study, I am also interested in how these stories are constructed, in what are their effects on the surface of the text and their implications in the empowering of subjects. Moreover, I investigate the connections between the traumatized body and the mind, understanding the body as an historical surface for the inscription of human experience (GROSZ, 1994).

O ‘Parsley Massacre’ – o assassinato de haitianos que viviam na República Dominicana em 1937 – é o tema de The farming of bones (1998), escrito por Edwidge Danticat, que oferece ao leitor o testemunho ficcional de uma sobrevivente da violência do genocídio. De forma similar, em Solar storms (1995), Linda Hogan faz a descendente de um povo que foi massacrado a protagonista de uma busca pelo passado e pela história de seu povo. Ambos os romances empregam estratégias narrativas em busca da representação ficcional do trauma como experiência pessoal e coletiva, implicando o leitor na produção de sentido (CARUTH 1996; FREUD; 1920). É através do recordar e reviver o passado que os sujeitos traumatizados podem tentar compreender sua situação presente e reivindicar uma identidade para si mesmos (HALL, 2006). A revisão do passado, e precisamente de um passado silenciado, proporciona que as vozes de uma comunidade possam ser ouvidas e suas histórias trazidas à luz. Nesse estudo, eu busco investigar de que forma tais histórias são construídas, quais seus efeitos na superfície textual e suas implicações no empoderamento dos sujeitos. Além disso, investigo as conexões entre o corpo traumatizado e a mente, compreendendo o corpo como uma superfície histórica que recebe a inscrição da experiência humana (GROSZ, 1994). / The Parsley Massacre – the killing of Haitians living in the Dominican Republic in 1937 – is the theme of The farming of bones (1998), written by Edwidge Danticat, who offers the reader a fictional testimony of a survivor of the violence of genocide. Similarly, in Solar storms (1995), Linda Hogan makes the descendant of a massacred people the protagonist of a search for the past and her people’s history. Both novels employ narrative strategies for a fictional representation of trauma, as personal and collective experiences, implicating the reader in the production of meaning (CARUTH 1996; FREUD; 1920). It is by reliving and re-experiencing the past that traumatized subjects can make sense of their present condition and claim an identity for themselves (HALL, 2006). It is by revising the past, a historically silenced past, that the voices of a community can be heard and their stories brought out to light. In this study, I am also interested in how these stories are constructed, in what are their effects on the surface of the text and their implications in the empowering of subjects. Moreover, I investigate the connections between the traumatized body and the mind, understanding the body as an historical surface for the inscription of human experience (GROSZ, 1994).