本篇論文意在分析綏夫特<<格理弗遊記>>中的主體、客體、卑賤體的再現，嘗試以不同觀點來看遊記主人翁在四次航行中的遭遇。<<格理弗遊記>>為十八世紀著名的旅行文學，而旅行本身即被視作一種譬喻來闡述旅行者與旅行之間的關係。本論文我主要採用克莉斯蒂娃(Julia Kristeva)幾本書中的理論觀點來逐章論述。在<小人國遊記>中，格理弗以旅行者主體去觀察與再現異地事物。其中最顯而易見的是以「方便之計」來救火。此不經意的行為不僅帶入旅行者主體的議題，也進一步檢驗在家與旅行之間的關係。除了旅行者主體之外，格理弗作為一個發言主體背後代表一套語言規則。最顯著的例子是拉普塔與慧駰國的語言系統。此兩國的語言系統以及他們對於某些外在客體的描述提供讀者去了解語言背後的符號意義。除此之外，透過格理弗在慧駰國的所見所聞，尤其是犽猢的無所不在，造成格理弗不僅在身體上也在心理上產生認知的改變。而他的回程也代表著一項重要的意義：格理弗的改變源於他內在卑賤體(abject)的存在，而他的家人更讓他了解到自己是一位在家的陌生人。 / This thesis investigates the representation of the subject/object/abject in Jonathan Swift’s Gulliver’s Travels. In Chapter One, I give a short introduction to describe what and why I want to talk about these representations in this thesis. Following the introductory chapter, Chapter Two explores the representation of the subject and provides a prominent example of Gulliver’s urinating act in Lilliput. This behavior not only constructs Gulliver’s subjectivity, but also helps examine the idea of home. Kristeva’s idea of “the Semiotic and the Symbolic” and Freud’s concept of “fort-da” game are adopted to discuss the dynamics of travel and Gulliver’s traveling subject. Chapter Three examines the way to decode and encode what the strangers speak in alien lands. To address the problem of the linguistic system of the strangers, Kristeva’s idea of “materiality of language” is elucidated. I also offer two examples from the Flappers and the Yahoos to call into question Gulliver’s role as a speaking subject. Foucault’s idea of power and Kristeva’s concept of “genotext” provide a possibility to discuss the relation between the subject and the discourse. In Chapter Four, the representation of the abject is particularly presented by Gulliver’s voyage in the Houyhnhnm-land. The presence of the Yahoos elicits Gulliver’s psychological symptom and problematizes his subject. Moreover, Gulliver’s return to his homeland and his acting-outs suggest that Gulliver is a stranger to himself. Kristeva’s theory of abject offers an effective way to describe Gulliver’s transformation. By focusing on the representation of the subject/object/abject in Gulliver’s Travels, my thesis provides a more newfangled interpretation of this classical text.

渥坦貝克的劇作《解剖新義》聚焦於法國殖民北非時期，伊莎貝拉(Isabelle Eberhardt)的旅行經驗。伊莎貝拉女扮男裝以歐洲冒險家身份旅行，設法爭取個人自由，致力於破除父權社會加諸於女性身上的性別刻板印象。本劇涵蓋了空間位移、遊牧旅行以及與他者相遇的概念。大多數的批評家對於此劇的討論，多著眼於角色如何跨越性別、地理疆界，而鮮少碰觸旅行議題本身。本論文試圖細讀《解剖新義》，進而探討其中的旅行議題，以及旅行伴隨而來的外來者問題。 本論文的第一章涵蓋《解剖新義》的相關評論，以及論文的主題。第二章說明旅行必要的條件，進而帶出本論文關切的旅行要素。第三章引用茱莉亞·克莉斯蒂娃 (Julia Kristeva)對外來者的見解，點出外來者的問題。本劇呈現旅行者與當地居民彼此間心理的矛盾衝突；同時，也提供不同例子說明個人如何能夠緩和自我與他者間的不合。第四章將以雅克·德希達(Jacques Derrida)的「待客之道」(hospitality)理論延續討論個人將如何面對與他者相遇的問題。第五章為本論文的總結，提供新 的解讀《解剖新義》方法。即便「待客之道」的概念在《解剖新義》中的某些場合被曲解誤用，卻也隱含「待客之道」在不同論述中，可能以不同概念呈現。 / Timberlake Wertenbaker’s New Anatomies (1981) is a play that centers on Isabelle Eberhardt’s traveling experience during French colonialism in North Africa. Isabelle, who endeavors to break the gender stereotype that is imposed on women in the patriarchal society, manages to strive for her own freedom by setting out for a journey as a European cross-dressed adventurer. The play deals with the ideas of displacement, nomadic traveling, and the encounter with the other. Critics’ responses to the play often focus on how the characters cross the gender and spatial boundaries; however, few of them seem to touch upon the issue on traveling itself. I intend to grapple with the issue on traveling by having a close reading on New Anatomies, and to deal with the accompanying foreigner question in a voyage. Chapter One of the thesis contains the literature reviews of New Anatomies, and carries out the concern of the thesis. Chapter Two presents the essential element in traveling and further maps out my concern about traveling. Chapter Three brings out the foreigner question by elucidating Julia Kristeva’s notion on strangers. The play reveals the psychological conflicts between a traveler and the locals; meanwhile, it also presents diverse examples on how one is able to reduce the estrangement between one and the other. To proceed with the discussion on how one shall react in response to the encounter with the other, I employ Jacques Derrida’s concept of hospitality in Chapter Four. Chapter Five is the conclusion of the thesis that points out how the thesis can be treated as a new way of study on New Anatomies. Though the meanings of hospitality are in some occasions being deformed in New Anatomies, they imply that there are different concepts of hospitality that is authorized in different discourses including traveling.