Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2016-09-12T13:10:56Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Marly Gonçalves da Silva.pdf: 18339859 bytes, checksum: 9191baaf32c6b444073e97f51821aa09 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-12T13:10:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marly Gonçalves da Silva.pdf: 18339859 bytes, checksum: 9191baaf32c6b444073e97f51821aa09 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-04-04 / During the past fifty years the motor vehicle industry has been molding the internal structure of Brazilian cities, through a complex road web which encompasses quarters, streets and pavements, causing conflicts, violence and changes in the way of life of the residents of these micro and macro-territories. The State and corporate groups have taken advantage of the production and reproduction – real or symbolic – of the pathways which constitute this web, using different language strategies which sometimes conceal, sometimes reveal private interests, under the veil of universal benefits. This kind of arbitrary intervention concerning the streets and their places of neighbourliness and sociability, as well as the rejections it faces from the residents of Marco quarter, Belém, are analyzed here in three different moments: 1. the birth of modernizing town planning, at the turn of the 19th century, creates the street web on which are built distinctive speeches and actions that will show their different temporalities in the history of the quarter, and unveil contradictions in the course of its demographic occupation, outlining thus a topography of (in)difference. 2. public interventions on the street web which favor certain segments of society in prejudice of others, manifest themselves as urbanistic metamorphoses that intend to attract investments and increase an urban economy settled on trade and services and on the principles of competitive strategies of contemporary enterprising; they break out the valorization of immovable property in the street, which suffocates the traditional little enterprisers’ business. Ahead in this trend, the enterprising State, with its Monument-work. 3. The street as the scenary of fights for power and for symbolic power, showing the contradictions between the preservation discourse and the attack of reurbanization projects that threaten the gains preserved by the community of residents / Este trabalho procura discutir o fenômeno das reformas das avenidas e seus canteiros centrais no bairro do Marco, em Belém, de uma perspectiva sociológica, procurando caracterizá-lo como um fenômeno político por excelência, na medida em que as pressões para tais reformas provêm de grupos de interesse como políticos, empresários, e o governo que as executa também explora simbolicamente tais intervenções. Estado e segmentos corporativos têm instrumentalizado a produção e reprodução real e simbólica das vias que compõem essa malha, recorrendo a diferentes estratégias discursivas que ora escondem, ora revelam interesses privatistas, sob o manto de benefícios de caráter universal. Esse processo de intervenção arbitrária sobre a rua e os espaços de compartilhamento e sociabilidade que ela proporciona, e as recusas que tal intervenção enfrenta por parte dos moradores do bairro do Marco são analisados em momentos distintos da tese. A base histórica na qual incidem tais intervenções é a matriz que deu origem ao bairro há mais de cem anos. Em síntese, assim pode ser definido o conteúdo dos respectivos capítulos: 1. A gênese do urbanismo modernizador, na virada do século XIX para o XX, funda a malha sobre a qual se edificam diferentes discursos e protagonismos que irão se manifestar em temporalidades distintas na história do bairro, e apontam contradições no processo social de ocupação demográfica do mesmo, configurando uma topografia da (in)diferença. 2. As intervenções públicas que incidem sobre espaços viários, privilegiando determinados segmentos sociais em detrimento de outros, se traduzem em metamorfoses urbanísticas que visam atrair investimentos e dinamizar uma economia urbana assentada em comércio e serviços e nos princípios das estratégias competitivas do empreendedorismo contemporâneo; acabam desencadeando um processo de valorização imobiliária na via, que afronta os negócios dos pequenos empreendedores tradicionais. À frente deste processo, há o Estado-empreendedor, com sua obra-Monumento. 3. A rua como palco de disputas pelo poder e pelo poder simbólico, colocando em questão as contradições entre os discursos preservacionistas e as investidas de projetos de reurbanização/revitalização que ameaçam pôr abaixo o que a comunidade de moradores preservou

This thesis aims to explore how the urban form specifically sprawl affects travel behavior and travel distance in Riyadh. Since the city is expanding and the travel time gets longer, the first mode option is the car. The research question that reframes this thesis is, how does the urban form 'sprawl' affect travel behavior and distance in Riyadh specifically 'Al-Narjis and Al-Malaz' based on their density and land use. In order to respond to the thesis question, a qualitative research design including mixed qualitative methods has been used. This study conducted a web survey for Riyadh citizens, this survey got 6312 respondents. In addition, this study conducted in-depth online interviews including travel itinerary diaries with six participants, three from each of the two neighborhoods in the study area. The interviews' outputs were visualized through QGIS by producing six maps. The results indicate that travel behavior and travel distance in Riyadh are affected negatively by sprawl. This effect could be seen in the high dependency on automobiles that resulted from land use and city planning, longer trips due to disconnected streets, and poor service accessibility. As well as less usage of other transportation such as walking and cycling due to the lack of pedestrian infrastructure.

published_or_final_version / Architecture / Master / Master of Architecture

published_or_final_version / Architecture / Master / Master of Architecture