Many adults suffering from mental health problems often report that the onset of these concerns began in adolescence, highlighting the importance of identifying and treating mental health concerns from an early age. In high schools, some students are identified as having externalizing or internalizing disorders. The majority of these students, especially those with internalizing symptoms, go untreated. One potential reason may be that limited school resources are used to correct behavior problems, leaving those with internalizing disorders to silently suffer, which often exacerbates the issues. Recent research suggests many individuals have high levels of resilience which can be taught, and which positively contributes to mental health. Social emotional learning (SEL) is one approach to teaching resilience. In this study we implemented an SEL program called Strong Teens at the high school level. The high school identified students with internalizing symptoms and provided them with this curriculum, intended to reduce those symptoms. We used a time series design to evaluate changes in internalizing symptoms (e.g., depression, anxiety, and withdrawal) and resilience. Results indicated that with the implementation of the Strong Teens curriculum, student levels of internalizing symptoms decreased from pretest to posttest, according to self-report. Teacher reports did not indicate any significant change in internalizing symptoms or resilience. This study supports the findings o fthe Strong Teens curriculum as a generalizable program which significantly reduces internalizing symptoms.

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Diabetes mellitus is one of the leading causes of death and disability in the United Sates. Certain Native American groups have been harder hit than the mainstream population, both in prevalence of the disease and in rates of related complications. The highest known prevalence in the world is found among a Southwestern U.S. Tribe, and other Native American Tribes have demonstrated similar prevalence rates. It has been shown that certain psychological factors such as depression and hostility impact both the occurrence and outcome of certain diseases, including diabetes. This study examined whether those individuals who have not met the criteria for diabetes mellitus were more prone to develop diabetes mellitus if they reported signs of depression, cynical hostility, or anger that is either expressed or not expressed. It also examined the impact of depression, cynical hostility, and anger on glucose control among individuals who were diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. Finally, an aim was to determine if "psychological distress, " rather than specific psychosocial variables, was related to poorer diabetic outcomes among a specific Native American population. Participants for this study were part of the Strong Heart Study and were examined at two different points in time (1992-1994 and 1997-1999). The current study found that psychosocial variables did not predict the incidence of diabetes mellitus. Depression was found to impact glucose control among individuals without diabetes or impaired glucose tolerance, but psychosocial variables did not appear to have any measurable influence on glucose control among those individuals with diabetes mellitus or impaired glucose tolerance. Overall, it appears that psychosocial variables do not play as large of role in both incidence and outcome among certain Native American tribes as has been shown among the mainstream population.

Research by Abelson (1986) suggests that people’s strong beliefs and convictions are like dear possessions, subsequently not easily abandoned and something the holder tends to fight for. This qualitative study aims at gaining increased understanding concerning conceptualization and psychological mechanisms related to strong beliefs and how the strong belief is manifested and expressed in the holder’s self-image and identity. Five holders of strong beliefs were interviewed, ensuing analyze following the principle of thematic framework. Six super ordinate themes were found to stand out as significantly important in the origin, conceptualization and preservation of a person’s strong belief: Belief; a legacy, Self-image and Identity, The Value-expressive function, In-group- and out-group-bias, Cognitive and emotional dissonance when acting against belief, Perceiving it as impossible to abandon a belief. The “Deliberative discussion” was presented as an important tool possibly empowering people with a less biased approach towards opposing information.

We demonstrate experimentally that the multiphoton ionization rate in gallium arsenide depends on the alignment of the laser polarization with respect to the crystal axis. We show real-time modulation of 1900nm laser ionization rate, through viewing transmission, which mimics the symmetry of the semiconductor crystal. We propose that the modulation in the ionization rate arises because the varying reduced effective carrier mass, as predicted by Keldysh theory. We show direct comparison of the experimental transmission modulation depth with that predicted by Keldysh theory. This opens up a novel method for real-time non-invasive crystallography of crystalline materials.

Strength for African American women and its psychological ramifications are being newly conceptualized and explored empirically in psychological research. The Strong Black Woman Attitudes Scale, (Thompson, 2003) was created to empirically test a three factor theoretical model: self reliance, affect regulation, and caretaking as a reliable culturally relevant coping mechanism for African American women. The primary aim of this study is to explore if cultural coping (SBW) moderates the relationship between depression and suicide in African American women. Other aims include, replicating the factor structure of the SBWAS with a community sample, and examining relationships between the SBW, racial identity, traditional coping, and depression. The Strong Black Woman Attitude Scale (SBWAS) was used to measure cultural coping, and the Ways of Coping Questionnaire (WOCQ) was used to measure traditional coping. Racial regard and centrality subscales from the Multidimensional Inventory of Black Identity (MIBI) measured racial identity and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Beck Suicide Scale (BSS) measured depression and suicide respectively. Results showed significant moderations for the total SBW score and the affect regulation subscale. Additionally, racial identity was positively associated with cultural coping, and cultural coping was negatively associated with traditional coping. Depression was positively related to the SBW and suicide. The three factor model was also upheld. The results of this study support the notion that strength for African American women can have detrimental psychological effects on women utilizing this coping style.

Strength for African American women and its psychological ramifications are being newly conceptualized and explored empirically in psychological research. The Strong Black Woman Attitudes Scale, (Thompson, 2003) was created to empirically test a three factor theoretical model: self reliance, affect regulation, and caretaking as a reliable culturally relevant coping mechanism for African American women. The primary aim of this study is to explore if cultural coping (SBW) moderates the relationship between depression and suicide in African American women. Other aims include, replicating the factor structure of the SBWAS with a community sample, and examining relationships between the SBW, racial identity, traditional coping, and depression. The Strong Black Woman Attitude Scale (SBWAS) was used to measure cultural coping, and the Ways of Coping Questionnaire (WOCQ) was used to measure traditional coping. Racial regard and centrality subscales from the Multidimensional Inventory of Black Identity (MIBI) measured racial identity and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Beck Suicide Scale (BSS) measured depression and suicide respectively. Results showed significant moderations for the total SBW score and the affect regulation subscale. Additionally, racial identity was positively associated with cultural coping, and cultural coping was negatively associated with traditional coping. Depression was positively related to the SBW and suicide. The three factor model was also upheld. The results of this study support the notion that strength for African American women can have detrimental psychological effects on women utilizing this coping style.

The purposes of this study were to discover patterns in test scores when both the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator and the Strong Interest Inventory are used simultaneously and to offer career counselors practical ways to interpret the scores when counseling their clients. To do this, the researcher conducted one study using canonical correlation to study the relationships and interrelationships between scores on the MBTI dichotomies and the SII GOTs. A second study utilized MANOVA to increase our understanding of age and gender differences in scores on these two instruments. Another study sought to use case examples of clients who had completed both tests to explain practical ways that career counselors can help their clients understand and apply results of both tests in ways that most benefit the clients’ career decision making. From the results of these studies, it would appear that the most common scores to occur simultaneously on both tests at once are MBTI Intuition, and SII Artistic. One could conclude from this that the personality characteristic of enjoying working in settings that allow for creative endeavor is particularly strong relative to other personality characteristics measured by these tests. We could also conclude that as individuals age, they are more likely to prefer working in settings that allow them to pursue creative endeavors. Another conclusion supported by this data indicates that men are more comfortable with career fields that are unstable and entrepreneurial than women throughout the lifespan.

No description available.

Let $mathcal{B}$ be a separable Banach space. In this thesis, it is shown that the Chung's strong law of large numbers holds for a sequence of independent $mathcal{B}$-valued random elements and an array of rowwise independent $mathcal{B}$-valued random elements under some weaker assumptions by using more generalized functions $phi_{n}$'s.