Nowadays in the world, energy usage effectiveness has always been an issue which blocks people’s development. How to effectively use the energy is becoming more and more important. Energy audit can appraise the energy usage condition of a building, and come up with improvement advices through systematic calculation and analysis the existing problems and reasons for energy wastes, in order to bring the object of effective usage of energy into reality. HiG student hostel 23 is situated in Gävle, a coastal city in the east of Sweden. There are three floors in Hostel 23, the first and second floor have 18 single rooms, 4 double rooms and 2 communal kitchens and the third floor is storeroom. The aim of this thesis is to explore indoor climate and energy use for this student hostel and find out the reason of the low temperature inside the room, seeking some ways to improve the thermal comfort inside the building during winter conditions. First, collect date from every part in energy balance by measurement and interview with administrator, then calculate and analyze the data. At last, the whole energy balance can be estimated. Through analyzing the whole energy balance, the suggestion is to change the window type and design a new ventilation system operating plan. Through the optimization, energy loss is reduced, and about 10% of the energy is preserved. Besides this, the building infiltration loss is too high through this energy audit; it states there still exists some problems. If these problems can be solved, it will be helpful to keep a good thermal comfort inside the building.

Darbo tikslas: Ištirti bendrabučiuose gyvenančių studentų galimybes sveikai maitintis ir mitybos įpročius. Uždaviniai: Palyginti studentų mitybos įpročius, atsižvelgiant į gyvenamą vietą; Išsiaiškinti bendrabučiuose gyvenančių studentų maitinimosi įpročius bei galimybę valgyti netoli esančiose viešo maitinimo įstaigose; Įvertinti Kauno miesto bendrabučiuose gyvenančių studentų galimybę ruošti maistą. Tyrimo metodika. Studentų gyvenančių bendrabutyje ir privačiame būste mitybos įpročių analizei buvo naudojami duomenys iš 2010 metų Kohortinio Europos studentų gyvensenos tyrimo. Anoniminė apklausa buvo vykdyta šešiuose Kauno miesto universitetuose Užpildytas anketas sugrąžino 1031 studentas (477 vaikinai ir 554 merginos), t.y. 81,2 proc. visų pirmakursių. Vaikinai sudarė 46,3 proc., merginos – 53,7 proc. visų tirtųjų. Studentų mitybos sąlygų anoniminė apklausa buvo vykdyta 2012-2013 metų lapkričio-kovo mėn. aštuoniuose Kauno miesto universitetuose (LSMU, KTU, ASU, LSU, VDU, VDAKF, VUKH, ISMKF) Tyrimo metu buvo apklausti n=199 pirmakursiai (84 vaikinai ir 115 merginos), vaikinai sudarė 42,2 proc., merginos 57,8 proc. neatsižvelgiant į jų mokymosi dalyką. Klausimyną sudarė klausimai apie respondentų mitybos įpročius bei subjektyvų mitybos sąlygų vertinimą bendrabučiuose ir universiteto aplinkoje. Rezultatai. Nuomojasi būstą 52,3 proc. pirmojo kurso vaikinų ir 57,2 proc. merginų. Studentai, tiek gyvenantys su tėvais (68,4 proc.), tiek bendrabutyje (69,3 proc.) teigė, kad... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Aim of the study: Investigate students eating habits and availability for healthy nutrition. Objectives: Compare students nutritional habits by comparing their place of living; Find out students nutritional habits that are living in student flats. also eat nearby catering places; Evaluate students that live in Kaunas city of students flats possibility to prepare meals. Methods. Data from 2010 Kohortinis European students living habits was used for Nutritional habits comparison by living place. Anonymous survey was conducted in six Kaunas city Universities. 1031 students returned filled questionnaires (477 males and 554 females), 81,2 percent as first year students. Males formed 46,3 percent, females - 53,7 percent. Students nutritional conditions anonymous survey was conducted November-March 2012-2013 in eight Kaunas city Universities (LSMU, KTU, ASU, LSU, VDU, VUKH, ISM). During research n=199 first year students were questioned (84 males and 115 females), males formed 42,2 percent, females 57,8 percent regardless of subject they are studying. Questionnaire was conducted from questions about respondents nutritional habits also subjective conditions nutrition evaluation in University flats and University surrounding area. Results. 52,3 percent of male and 57,2 percent female students are renting apartment. Students living with their families (68,4 percent), renting an apartment or living in a dormitory (69,3 percent) said that healthy eating is important for them... [to full text]

The Czech Republic is one of those countries where it is possible to monitor a trend of excessive hard drinking; and the alcohol consummation is quite common and tolerated phenomenon in this country, the same as smoking of tobacco products. The society toleration is high within this field. Experimenting with habit-forming substances is an integral part of this period; therefore just this became the target of my thesis. The theoretical part brings the knowledge of individual socially tolerated habit-forming substances (alcohol, tobacco, excessive use of medicines, caffeine and anabolic substances) and of the related problems. Furthermore, this part contains specifics of university population. The aim of this thesis was to map the problem of the socially tolerated habit-forming substances in university students in term of the students{\crq} preferences and attitudes towards such substances. Simultaneously, the thesis was to verify two forward hypotheses. This verification was followed by the chosen questioning method by means of questionnaires. The questionnaires were addressed to students of the South Bohemian University in České Budějovice. The research set to collect the questionnaire data is made up by 213 respondents as a whole. H1 Hypothesis supposed that university students use the socially tolerated habit-forming substances to a higher degree during the examination period. This hypothesis was not verified. H2 Hypothesis supposed that the student hostel life encourages and increases use of the socially tolerated habit-forming substances. The observed results brought the verification of such hypothesis. The attitude of the students towards the socially tolerated habit-forming substances is predominantly positive. The thesis brought new knowledge and mapped the situation within the socially tolerated habit-forming substances abuse in university students; hence it can serve to implementation of the effective prevention focused on this specific group.