No description available.

Sammanfattning   Ambulanssjuksköterskan arbetar idag i stressiga, krävande miljöer och ska då fatta snabba, korrekta beslut som kan vara livsavgörande för en svårt sjuk patient. Om en individ upplever att dennes yrkessituation inte kan kontrolleras eller hanteras kan personen till slut reagera med uppgivenhet, detta är en definition av långvarig stress.   Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka hur litteraturen identifierar och beskriver upplevelser av stress hos ambulanssjuksköterskor och vilka preventiva interventioner som finns idag för att hantera ambulanssjuksköterskans stress i samband med traumatiska möten av svårt sjuka patienter. Metoden för studien var en deskriptiv litteraturstudie där artiklar hämtades via Google Scholar, Medline via PubMed och Cinahl.   Resultatet av denna studie visade att det i de flesta fall saknas en strategi för att möta den yrkesrelaterade stress som ambulanssjuksköterskor utsätts för. För att kunna upptäcka och undvika symtom på stress behövs mer preventiva interventioner och uppföljningar före eller i direkt anslutning till en kritisk händelse. Det behövs mer forskning i ämnet och fåtalet artiklar uppvisar förslag angående djupgående hjälpmedel för stresshantering och stressrelaterade sjukdomar.   Slutsats Att ambulanssjuksköterskan i sitt arbete upplever stress och är tvungen att hantera den är ett faktum. För att komma åt detta problem behövs både engagemang och preventiva strategier av arbetsgivare för att stötta ambulanssjuksköterskan i hanteringen av stressupplevda situationer. / Abstract   The paramedic nurse today works in stressful, demanding conditions, and is constantly forced to make quick, correct decisions vital for a critically ill patient. Should an individual experience a work environment, which cannot be handled or controlled, the ultimate reaction is one of complete resignation. This is a symptom of prolonged stress. The purpose of this study is to examine how scholarly literature identifies and describes stress experiences among paramedic nurses. It also aims to evaluate the means of preventive interventions currently available to manage stress symptoms arising from traumatic encounters with severely ill patients. Method: This study is a literature review based on scientific articles collected from Google Scholar, Medline via Pubmed, and Cinahl.   The outcome of this study showed that, in most cases, there is a lack of means to meet the work-related stress that paramedic nurses are exposed to. In order to detect and avoid stress symptoms, more preventive interventions and monitoring are needed – both before and directly following critical situations. In the academic literature examined, the need for further research within this field is obvious, but there are few suggestions of any long-term preventive conclusions against stress and stress-related diseases.   Conclusion: Paramedics experience stress in their work and are forced to successfully cope with it. Employers have to take action to actively engage in these issues, and provide strategies to support the paramedic nurse in managing stressful situations.

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to explore what people think is the best way to learn about innovations by different learning styles and characteristics. The paper will give answers to which learning style that people think is the best way to use when learning about innovation. Methodology - The data for this study were collected via online-surveys and through paper surveys. A total of 224 usable responses were obtained. The method will consist of primary data, which will be collected through surveys. Secondary research will be presented in the empire which will be retrieved from databases like Scopus, Diva, Emerald, Web of Science and Google Scholar. Implications/findings - Of the four different learning styles investigated in this study the result revealed that people best learn about innovations from the tactile/kinaesthetic learning style. The least pedagogic method to learn about innovations was the visual/verbal learning style. Paper type - Research paper

Due to psychosocial and hormonal changes, adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) are at risk for poorer regimen adherence, quality of life (QOL), and glycemic control (HbA1c). Authoritative parenting (AP) supports youth development during the transition into adolescence. To date, the mechanisms behind authoritative parenting and better HbA1c are yet to be examined. Parent-youth dyads completed measures of authoritative parenting, adherence, and QOL. As hypothesized, more authoritative parenting related to higher socioeconomic status (SES; β = -.13, p = .04) rather than ethnicity. Further, more authoritative parenting related to better glycemic control via the mechanisms of higher youth QOL (β = .24, p < .001) and better diabetes adherence (β = .17, p = .008). Parents who provide more authoritative parenting have youth with better QOL, better adherence, and better glycemic control. More authoritative parenting helps youth achieve better diabetes care and quality of life during the transition into adolescence.

The study explored the interrelation between leadership styles, employee motivation, and culture among Bahraini employees and managers in Victory Training Development Institute (VTDI) - a vocational training organization located in the Kingdom of Bahrain. Using a pragmatic case study design, the study employed a mixed method approach to address the research problem. The theoretical framework, which was developed through the guidance of leadership, motivation, and culture theories, posited that cultural constructs may affect the manager's adoption of leadership approaches, as well as the employees' work values. Because Arab culture is characterized by respect for authority, strict enforcement of rules, and tribalistic values and belief, it was expected to affect leadership negatively, as most managers would prefer a traditional passive approach over modern ones. On the contrary, the results of the study revealed that most Bahraini employees apply a combination of transactional and transformational elements in their leadership style, while only few maintains a traditional passive style. Results also showed that Bahraini employees value intrinsic factors more than extrinsic ones. The results also confirmed that a combination of transactional and transformational leadership elements were more effective in motivating employees than a traditional passive laissez-faire approach. Additional findings suggest that cultural factors affect both the manager's leadership style and the employee's perception of leadership effectiveness. A new theoretical framework based on the conceptual framework and the results was presented to explain in details the discovered phenomenon as well as the research's contribution to knowledge.

Transnational nurse migration has evoked a growing interest in the phenomenon of professional integration of expatriate nurses into their host societies. Despite research connecting employee and organizational outcomes such as job satisfaction and organizational citizenship behavior to the quality of leadership styles, there remains a lack of research linking professional integration of expatriate nurses to nurse leadership styles in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The purpose of this grounded theory study was to develop a theory that would explain how nurse leadership styles and behaviors impacted the professional integration of expatriate nurses into the multicultural work environment of the UAE. The research questions addressed the perceptions of the expatriate nurses on effective leadership styles and behaviors of nurse leaders in a culturally diverse work environment, the lived experiences of the expatriate nurses, and the impact of the organizational culture on the process of integration. Data were collected through in-depth semi-structured interviews with 10 expatriate nurses, demographic surveys, documents review, and researcher memos. Data were analyzed using the constant comparative method and initial, focused, axial, and theoretical coding. Results indicated that nurse leadership styles and the conditions surrounding the integration process influenced the success of the expatriate nurses' adaptation, integration, and assimilation into the host society. Implications for social change include the preparation of nurses while in their home country on what to expect in the host country, and development of leadership training programs to prepare nurse leaders for leading in a culturally diverse work environment.

No description available.

This study investigates the relationship between leadership styles (e.g., taskoriented, relationship-oriented and participative leadership style), perceived control, psychological ownership of the job and several volunteers' work attitudes. Particular attention is given to turnover intentions, psychological withdrawal and senses of responsibility. Research participants were 162 volunteer workers from diverse occupational groups across 19 non profit organizations. Results of Persons correlations and mediated regression analyses demonstrated that (a) psychological ownership did not have relationships with turnover intentions and sense of responsibility but was significantly related to psychological withdrawal; (b) task-oriented, relationshiporiented and participative leadership style were positively related to perceived control, (c) perceived control was positively related to psychological ownership; (d) psychological ownership did not have mediating effects between perceived control and the volunteers' work attitudes; (e) perceived control only had a mediating effect between task-oriented leadership and psychological ownership. Recommendations for further research and implications for management are discussed in the final chapter.

Academic study can present many stressful situations. An adaptive coping style is one of the essential factors for university students to cope effectively with stressors in their lives, allowing for an effective level of performance while protecting from stress related side effects. Previous research has identified the relationship between stressful life events and the onset of illness. This current study extends on previous research and identifies dispositional factors and stressors specific to social interactions and educational settings and their resulting impact on student coping. This study explored the somewhat controversial concept of 'coping styles' by investigating a comprehensive model of coping that included two stressors (workload related demands and a social interaction), stressor appraisal, dispositional resources, the situational resources of perceived control and perceived levels of coping effectiveness. An online questionnaire was completed by 257 participants from seven major universities around New Zealand. Problem-solving coping was positively correlated with perceived levels of coping effectiveness while avoidance coping was negatively correlated with coping effectiveness. The traits of neuroticism and conscientiousness appeared to predispose individuals to cope in predictable ways across situations when confronting adversity, lending support for the notion of coping styles. Results of the moderated regression analyses found that neuroticism and conscientiousness were significant moderators between stressor appraisal and coping behaviours used. The major implications from this research are that educational institutes need to offer on campus services that can support and educate students regarding their tendencies to engage in maladaptive and adaptive coping behaviours and under what circumstances trigger the use of maladaptive coping behaviours. Assistance could be tailored specifically to each individual and their likely coping responses chosen, by including a measure of personality. In the final chapter, conclusions are discussed with regard to implications of this research to educational institutes, students and the need for future research.

Online searchers in Australia were studied through six sets of variables: backgrounds, experience, attitudes, behaviours, styles and satisfaction. A mailed questionnaire attracted a response rate of 84.5 per cent. Respondents were drawn equally from academic and special libraries. Those in special libraries tended to be more satisfied with their searches, and favoured adaptability but not preplanning. Those whose organisations levied charges appeared to search less often and to have less faith in controlled vocabularies. A minority with computational backgrounds tended to have more searching experience. Many respondents searched infrequently and had conducted low total numbers of searches. Those searching more often were less cost conscious, and more in favour of trial-and-error and reviewing retrieved titles. Searchers who had conducted more searches favoured trial-and-error , browsing and reviewing retrieved titles. Controlled vocabularies, adaptability (related to a disinclination to review retrieved titles), trial-and-error and browsing were favoured . Fidel's conceptualist style tended to be adopted by those favouring trial-and-error. Her operationalist style was considered routine and positively related to perceived user satisfaction with searches. Some concern about cost was related to a tendency to plan alternative strategies.