Orientador: Gilson Hélio Toniollo / Banca: Eunice Oba / Banca: Fabiana Ferreira de Souza / Resumo: Foram avaliadas 57 vacas da raça Gir PO, não lactantes, com escore corporal de 3,5 a 4,0 numa escala de zero a cinco pontos. As doadoras foram distribuídas em três grupos de forma aleatória, onde A (n=19), B (n=19) e C (n=19). As doadoras do grupo A foram superovuladas com 300 UI de FSH, o grupo B com 400 UI de FSH e o grupo C com 500 UI de FSH. Foi utilizado CIDR e administrado, via intramuscular, 2,5 mg de benzoato de estradiol. Cinco dias mais tarde, inicia-se o tratamento superestimulatório com diferentes concentrações de FSH. Com a última aplicação de FSH, administrou-se PGF2a, via intramuscular e doze horas após a aplicação da PGF2a foi retirado o CIDR. As vacas superovulados receberam uma dose de 50 æg de GnRH, via intramuscular, doze horas após a retirada do CIDR. As doadoras foram inseminadas doze horas após a aplicação de GnRH com duas doses de sêmen, em intervalos de doze horas entre as mesmas. As doses de sêmen utilizadas foram do mesmo touro e da mesma partida. Para análise estatística do potencial de desenvolvimento dos protocolos de superovulação, as proporções de embriões viáveis entre os tratamentos foram comparadas pelo teste de Qui-quadrado ( ), adotando os níveis de significância de 5% e 1%. A melhor resposta superovulatória foi utilizando o protocolo com concentração de 400 UI de FSH. / Abstract: In this study were 57 non-lactating cows, dairy cows (Gir PO), with body condition score 3,5 the 4,0 in a scale of zero the five points. The donors later distributed in three random groups where A (n=19), B (n=19) and C (n=19). The donors of the group had been superovulation it with 300UI of FSH, group B with 400UI of FSH and group C with 500UI of FSH. CIDR had been used and applied to intramuscular, 2,5 mg of benzoate of estradiol. Five days later, in the beginning of a new wave to follicular, the superstimulation treatment with different concentrations of FSH is initiated. Together with the last application of the hormone, dose of PGF2a was managed, it saw to intramuscular and 24 hours after the application of the PGF2a the CIDR was removed. The superovulation animals had received a dose from 50 æg of GnRH, saw to intramuscular, 12 hours after the withdrawal of the CIDR. The donors had been inseminated twelve hours after the application of GnRH with two doses of semen, in intervals of 12 hours between the same ones. The used doses of semen had been of the same bull and the same departure. For analysis statistics of the potential of development of the superovulation protocols, the ratios of viable embryos between the treatments had been compared by the Qui-square test ( ), adopting the levels of significance of 5% and 1%. The best results it was using the protocol with concentration 400 UI of FSH. / Mestre

Abstract Seventeen Boer goat does were used in this study to compare the effect of an intramuscular or subcutaneous route of administrating a superovulation treatment during the natural breeding season (autumn). The oestrous cycles of all does were synchronised for 17 days using CIDR dispensers and superovulated with pFSH administered in 7 dosages, at 12 h intervals—initiated 48 h prior to CIDR removal. Does were teased to test for the onset of oestrus at 8 h intervals, starting at CIDR removal. All does were cervically inseminated with fresh undiluted Boer goat semen at a fixed time (36 h and 48 h), following CIDR withdrawal. Embryos were surgically flushed on day 6 following the second AI, evaluated and classified according to their morphological appearance. The route of gonadotrophin (pFSH) administration had no effect on the response to oestrous synchronisation. The number of ovulations, structures and embryos recovered and fertilisation rate were also similar via both routes of gonadotrophin administration. The number of unfertilised ova per donor on the other hand, was significantly higher in does administered pFSH using the intramuscular (3.3±4.8), rather than the subcutaneous route (0.3±0.8). However, the number of degenerated embryos was higher when pFSH was administered subcutaneously (5.9±4.5), compared to intramuscularly (2.6±2.3). The overall number of transferable embryos was not affected by the route of gonadotrophin administration. The subcutaneous route of gonadotrophin administration led to a lower number of unfertilised ova, this beneficial effect was negated by an increase in the number of degenerate embryos—resulting in both routes of administration leading to a similar number of transferable embryos. Although no significant differences were found between subcutaneous and intramuscular routes of gonadotrophin administration regarding the number of transferable embryos, the subcutaneous route resulted in lower variances which may indicate a more predictable response.

Abstract This study evaluated the effect of repeated superovulation and embryo recovery in 15 Boer goat does. Does were synchronised for oestrus using CIDR’s for 17 days and superovulated with pFSH during the natural breeding season (autumn). Cervical inseminations with fresh undiluted semen were performed 36 h and 48 h following CIDR removal and the embryos surgically flushed six days after the second AI. Does superovulated for the first time recorded a shorter mean (± s.e.) induced duration of oestrus (20.8 ± 1.0 h), when compared to those repeatedly superovulated (30.4 ± 6.7 h). The mean (±s.e.) number of structures and embryos recovered were significantly lower in does treated repeatedly (6.0 ± 1.7 and 3.8 ± 1.7) than does superovulated for the first time (12.9 ± 0.5 and 11.7 ± 0.5), respectively. The mean (±s.e.) number of unfertilised ova per donor was significantly higher in repeatedly superovulated does (5.5 ± 1.6), compared to does superovulated for the first time (0.1 ± 0.1). The fertilisation rate and the number of transferable embryos were significantly lower in does treated repeatedly, compared to does superovulated for the first time. These results indicate that the number of times that a Boer goat doe can be utilised as the embryo donor may be limited to three times.

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of season on the superovulatory ovarian response and embryo recovery rate in Boer goat does. Twenty mature does (mean body weight of 55 kg) were synchronised for oestrus with the aid of CIDR devices for a period of 17 days and superovulated with pFSH (Folltropin®-Vetrepharm) during the natural breeding season (n = 9) and non-breeding season (n = 11). The superovulation treatment entailed a total dose of 200 mg pFSH/doe given i.m. in 7 dosages at 12 h intervals, starting 48 h prior to CIDR removal (the first dose being 50 mg and all others 25 mg). Does were observed for signs of oestrous behaviour 3 times daily at 8 h intervals following CIDR withdrawal with the aid of teaser bucks to determine the onset and duration of the induced oestrous period. Cervical inseminations with 0.1 ml fresh undiluted semen were performed 36 and 48 h following CIDR removal and the embryos surgically flushed 6 days following the second AI. Recovered structures (ova and embryos) were microscopically evaluated and classified according to their morphology. The total number of structures in terms of unfertilised ova, fertilised ova, degenerated embryos and transferable embryos from each doe flushed was recorded. All the donor does exhibited oestrus during the breeding and non-breeding season with the mean period to the onset of oestrus (24.9±4.8 h) being significantly (P < 0.05) earlier during the natural breeding season, compared to the non-breeding season (30.5±9.1 h). The duration of the induced oestrous period was also significantly (P < 0.05) longer during the natural breeding season (24.0±5.7 h) than the non-breeding season (18.2±3.7 h). The mean ovulation rate per donor, total number of structures and embryos recovered per donor did not differ between seasons. The mean number of unfertilised ova per doe was significantly (P < 0.05) higher during the non-breeding season (3.3±2.8), compared to the natural breeding season (0.9±2.4). The total number of degenerated embryos and transferable embryos however, did not differ between seasons. Season as such had an effect on the onset and duration of the induced oestrous period; however, it did not affect the oestrous response. Therefore, it would seem that superovulation in the Boer goats is warranted, irrespective of season.

Orientador: Ciro Moraes Barros / Banca: Roberto Sartori Filho / Banca: Ronaldo Luiz Ereno / Resumo: Objetivou-se com o presente trabalho verificar em doadoras da raça Nelore, o uso de pLH em substituição à eCG, no último dia do tratamento superestimulatório P-36. Vinte e cinco vacas foram distribuídas em 4 grupos: P- 36 (controle), P-36/eCG, P-36/LH2 e P-36/LH4. Todos os animais receberam os quatro tratamentos superovulatórios de forma alternada ("cross-over"). Em dia aleatório do ciclo estral (D0), as doadoras receberam um dispositivo intravaginal contendo 1,0 g de progesterona (DIV) e benzoato de estradiol (2 mg, via IM). No grupo controle, os animais foram superestimulados com pFSH (via IM, dose total = 133 mg) duas vezes ao dia em doses decrescentes do D5 ao D8, enquanto que no grupo P-36/eCG, P-36/LH2 e P-36/LH4 as duas últimas doses de FSH foram substituídas por eCG (totalizando 400 UI via IM) ou pLH (totalizando 2 mg e 4 mg, via IM), respectivamente. Todas as vacas foram tratadas com d-cloprostenol (150 μg, via IM) no dia 7, e o DIV foi removido 36 h após a administração do análogo da prostaglandina F2a. No dia 9, a ovulação foi induzida com 12,5 mg de pLH (via IM,) e as doadoras foram inseminadas em tempo fixo 12 e 24 h após a aplicação de pLH. A coleta de embriões foi realizada no dia 16. Os dados foram analisados por ANOVA considerando vaca como efeito aleatório (Proc Mixed do SAS), após transformação da variável resposta quando necessário. Observou-se diferença no número de CL quando comparado o grupo eCG (19,2±2,4) com os grupos LH2 (12,7±2,0) e LH4 (12,3±1,5; p<0,05). Além disso, a taxa de ovulação tendeu a ser menor quando comparados os grupos LH2 e eCG (50,6 e 67,8%, respectivamente; p=0,06). Entretanto, não houve diferença significativa (p>0,05) no número de embriões viáveis entre os grupos P-36 (3,3±0,7), P-36/eCG (4,5±0,5), P-36/LH2 (3,7±0,8) e P-36/LH4 (4,2±1,0). Conclui-se que a substituição de eCG por pLH no último ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of pLH in replacement of eCG on the last day of P-36 superstimulatory treatment in Nelore donors. Twenty-five Nelore cows were randomly allocated in four groups: P-36 (Control), P-36/eCG, P-36/LH2, and P-36/LH4. All animals underwent four treatments in a crossover design. At a random stage of the estrous cycle (D0), donors received an intravaginal device (IVD) containing 1.0 g of progesterone and estradiol benzoate (2.0 mg, i.m.). Control group cows were superestimulated with decreasing doses of pFSH (133 mg, i.m.). In P-36/eCG, P-36/LH2 and P-36/LH4 the last two doses of pFSH were replaced by 2 doses of eCG (200 IU each dose, i.m.) or pLH, (1 and 2 mg each dose, i.m) respectively. All animals were treated with PGF2a (150 μg d-cloprostenol) on D7, and the IVD was removed after 36 h. Ovulation was induced with 12.5 mg of pLH (i.m.) on D9 and all animals received fixed-time artificial insemination (FTAI) 12 and 24 h after pLH. Embryo flushing was performed on D16. Data were analyzed by ANOVA (Proc Mixed, SAS). There was a significant difference in the number of CL in eCG group (19.2±2.4) when compared to LH2 (12.7±2.0) and LH4 groups (12.3±1.5; p<0.05). Morover, there was a tendency of lower ovulation rate in LH2 when compared to eCG group (50.6 and 67.8%, respectively; p=0.06). However there was no difference in viable embryo yield among groups P-36 (3.3±0.7), P- 36/eCG (4.5±0.5), P-36/LH2 (3.7±0.8) and P-36/LH4 (4.2±1.0); P>0.05. In conclusion eCG can be replaced by pLH, in the last day of P-36 protocol, without affecting the production of viable embryos in Nelore cows / Mestre

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:29:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-04-11Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:59:05Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 oliveira_acs_me_botfmvz.pdf: 334076 bytes, checksum: d127d22357b9d6ff54038dd7ce2ceeec (MD5) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / Objetivou-se com o presente trabalho verificar em doadoras da raça Nelore, o uso de pLH em substituição à eCG, no último dia do tratamento superestimulatório P-36. Vinte e cinco vacas foram distribuídas em 4 grupos: P- 36 (controle), P-36/eCG, P-36/LH2 e P-36/LH4. Todos os animais receberam os quatro tratamentos superovulatórios de forma alternada (“cross-over”). Em dia aleatório do ciclo estral (D0), as doadoras receberam um dispositivo intravaginal contendo 1,0 g de progesterona (DIV) e benzoato de estradiol (2 mg, via IM). No grupo controle, os animais foram superestimulados com pFSH (via IM, dose total = 133 mg) duas vezes ao dia em doses decrescentes do D5 ao D8, enquanto que no grupo P-36/eCG, P-36/LH2 e P-36/LH4 as duas últimas doses de FSH foram substituídas por eCG (totalizando 400 UI via IM) ou pLH (totalizando 2 mg e 4 mg, via IM), respectivamente. Todas as vacas foram tratadas com d-cloprostenol (150 μg, via IM) no dia 7, e o DIV foi removido 36 h após a administração do análogo da prostaglandina F2a. No dia 9, a ovulação foi induzida com 12,5 mg de pLH (via IM,) e as doadoras foram inseminadas em tempo fixo 12 e 24 h após a aplicação de pLH. A coleta de embriões foi realizada no dia 16. Os dados foram analisados por ANOVA considerando vaca como efeito aleatório (Proc Mixed do SAS), após transformação da variável resposta quando necessário. Observou-se diferença no número de CL quando comparado o grupo eCG (19,2±2,4) com os grupos LH2 (12,7±2,0) e LH4 (12,3±1,5; p<0,05). Além disso, a taxa de ovulação tendeu a ser menor quando comparados os grupos LH2 e eCG (50,6 e 67,8%, respectivamente; p=0,06). Entretanto, não houve diferença significativa (p>0,05) no número de embriões viáveis entre os grupos P-36 (3,3±0,7), P-36/eCG (4,5±0,5), P-36/LH2 (3,7±0,8) e P-36/LH4 (4,2±1,0). Conclui-se que a substituição de eCG por pLH no último... / The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of pLH in replacement of eCG on the last day of P-36 superstimulatory treatment in Nelore donors. Twenty-five Nelore cows were randomly allocated in four groups: P-36 (Control), P-36/eCG, P-36/LH2, and P-36/LH4. All animals underwent four treatments in a crossover design. At a random stage of the estrous cycle (D0), donors received an intravaginal device (IVD) containing 1.0 g of progesterone and estradiol benzoate (2.0 mg, i.m.). Control group cows were superestimulated with decreasing doses of pFSH (133 mg, i.m.). In P-36/eCG, P-36/LH2 and P-36/LH4 the last two doses of pFSH were replaced by 2 doses of eCG (200 IU each dose, i.m.) or pLH, (1 and 2 mg each dose, i.m) respectively. All animals were treated with PGF2a (150 μg d-cloprostenol) on D7, and the IVD was removed after 36 h. Ovulation was induced with 12.5 mg of pLH (i.m.) on D9 and all animals received fixed-time artificial insemination (FTAI) 12 and 24 h after pLH. Embryo flushing was performed on D16. Data were analyzed by ANOVA (Proc Mixed, SAS). There was a significant difference in the number of CL in eCG group (19.2±2.4) when compared to LH2 (12.7±2.0) and LH4 groups (12.3±1.5; p<0.05). Morover, there was a tendency of lower ovulation rate in LH2 when compared to eCG group (50.6 and 67.8%, respectively; p=0.06). However there was no difference in viable embryo yield among groups P-36 (3.3±0.7), P- 36/eCG (4.5±0.5), P-36/LH2 (3.7±0.8) and P-36/LH4 (4.2±1.0); P>0.05. In conclusion eCG can be replaced by pLH, in the last day of P-36 protocol, without affecting the production of viable embryos in Nelore cows

In two experiments, immature female Sprague-Dawley rats treated with superovulatory doses of pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG) were used to study the effects of antiandrogen, hydroxyflutamide, on steroid production, particularly the biologically active androgens, testosterone, 5α-dihydrotestosterone, and androstenedione. In the first experiment, the animals were given either 5 mg hydroxyflutamide or vehicle alone at 30 and 36 h following 40 IU PMSG. Compared to the vehicle group, hydroxyflutamide treatment significantly reduced the percentage of degenerate oocytes recovered from oviducts (p<0.05). Serum levels of aromatizable androgens, testosterone and androstenedione, and their aromatized product, estradiol-17ß significantly decreased (p<0.05) in hydroxyflutamide-treated group; however, the serum concentrations of nonaromatizable androgen, 5α-dihydrotestosterone, was not statistically different between the two groups. In the second experiment, ovaries stimulated with 4 or 40 IU PMSG were obtained 48 h later and cultured in the presence and absence of hydroxyflutamide (10⁻⁵M) and/or testosterone (10⁻⁷ M) to study [4⁻¹⁴C] pregnenolone metabolism to major steroids. In 40 IU stimulated ovaries, hydroxyflutamide significantly decreased the metabolism of pregnenolone to progesterone (p<0.01) and androstenedione (p<0.01) while the production of estradiol-17ß increased significantly (p<0.05); however, pregnenolone conversions to testosterone and 5α-dihydrotestosterone were not statistically different between the untreated and hydroxyflutamide-treated cultures. Testosterone completely reversed the hydroxyflutamide-induced alteration of pregnenolone metabolism. In contrast, there was no difference in the pregnenolone conversion patterns between the untreated and hydroxyflutamide or hydroxyflutamide plus testosterone groups in the culture of ovaries stimulated with 4 IU PMSG. Present results confirm previous reports that antiandrogen, hydroxyflutamide, decreases the percentage of abnormal oocytes recovered from superovulating rats, and indicates that this hydroxyflutamide effect may be partly mediated by altered ovarian steroidogenesis, specifically the reduced hypersecretion of aromatizable androgens, testosterone and androstenedione, and/or estradiol-17ß. / Medicine, Faculty of / Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Department of / Graduate

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:29:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2006-08-28Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:59:37Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 prado_fra_me_botfmvz.pdf: 162137 bytes, checksum: beea401534797380660b2b808acc6ef3 (MD5) / Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) / Foram avaliadas 57 vacas da raça Gir PO, não lactantes, com escore corporal de 3,5 a 4,0 numa escala de zero a cinco pontos. As doadoras foram distribuídas em três grupos de forma aleatória, onde A (n=19), B (n=19) e C (n=19). As doadoras do grupo A foram superovuladas com 300 UI de FSH, o grupo B com 400 UI de FSH e o grupo C com 500 UI de FSH. Foi utilizado CIDR e administrado, via intramuscular, 2,5 mg de benzoato de estradiol. Cinco dias mais tarde, inicia-se o tratamento superestimulatório com diferentes concentrações de FSH. Com a última aplicação de FSH, administrou-se PGF2a, via intramuscular e doze horas após a aplicação da PGF2a foi retirado o CIDR. As vacas superovulados receberam uma dose de 50 æg de GnRH, via intramuscular, doze horas após a retirada do CIDR. As doadoras foram inseminadas doze horas após a aplicação de GnRH com duas doses de sêmen, em intervalos de doze horas entre as mesmas. As doses de sêmen utilizadas foram do mesmo touro e da mesma partida. Para análise estatística do potencial de desenvolvimento dos protocolos de superovulação, as proporções de embriões viáveis entre os tratamentos foram comparadas pelo teste de Qui-quadrado ( ), adotando os níveis de significância de 5% e 1%. A melhor resposta superovulatória foi utilizando o protocolo com concentração de 400 UI de FSH. / In this study were 57 non-lactating cows, dairy cows (Gir PO), with body condition score 3,5 the 4,0 in a scale of zero the five points. The donors later distributed in three random groups where A (n=19), B (n=19) and C (n=19). The donors of the group had been superovulation it with 300UI of FSH, group B with 400UI of FSH and group C with 500UI of FSH. CIDR had been used and applied to intramuscular, 2,5 mg of benzoate of estradiol. Five days later, in the beginning of a new wave to follicular, the superstimulation treatment with different concentrations of FSH is initiated. Together with the last application of the hormone, dose of PGF2a was managed, it saw to intramuscular and 24 hours after the application of the PGF2a the CIDR was removed. The superovulation animals had received a dose from 50 æg of GnRH, saw to intramuscular, 12 hours after the withdrawal of the CIDR. The donors had been inseminated twelve hours after the application of GnRH with two doses of semen, in intervals of 12 hours between the same ones. The used doses of semen had been of the same bull and the same departure. For analysis statistics of the potential of development of the superovulation protocols, the ratios of viable embryos between the treatments had been compared by the Qui-square test ( ), adopting the levels of significance of 5% and 1%. The best results it was using the protocol with concentration 400 UI of FSH.

No description available.

Imprecise control of bovine oestrus and ovulation and the highly variable nature of the superovulatory response impedes use of reproductive technologies. The use of GnRH to control antral follicle development and, hence, the oestrous cycle was investigated using 40 maiden heifers. Two GnRH agonist sources (Fertagyl; Receptal) were tested at two frequencies (24; 48 hour) and luteinising hormone release profile; and pattern of antral follicle and luteal development were monitored. Post cessation of GnRH treatment gonadotrophin was given at either a fixed or variable time relative to oestrus and superovulatory response assessed. Basal LH values were unaffected by treatment. Treatment at 24, but not 48 hour intervals resulted in reduced LH response values. Fertagyl 24 hour treatment stimulated increased numbers of follicles to grow to 3-5 mm and 6-9 mm but inhibited growth to 10 mm, maturation and ovulation. Four waves of follicular development occurred in GnRH agonist, but not control, animals. Luteolysis and oestrus was delayed in a proportion of animals challenged with prostaglandin during GnRH agonist treatment. Exogenous gonadotrophin given at fixed time (day 10 1 where oestrus = day 0) post cessation of treatment, elicited a greater superovulatory response than when given at variable time. There was a positive relationship between number of ovulations and viable embryos; and a negative relationship between body weight and progesterone concentration and consequently superovulatory response. High superovulatory responses were observed when gonadotrophin treatment was initiated in the presence of an active corpus luteum and the absence of a dominant follicle. It was concluded that GnRH agonist given every 24 hours depleted LH reserves; allowed selection and dominance of antral follicles, but not maturation and ovulation; precluded prostaglandin induced luteolysis in some animals; and increased ovulations and embryos when gonadotrophin treatment was at a fixed time.