No description available.

In this work, glucose isomerase (GI) activity was measured with several sugar substrates. Lactase was also used with several carbohydrate substrates to observe its hydrolytic action. In order to observe the enzymes' action, a small batch reactor was designed and used in the entire project. Paper partition chromatography, was the analytical method of choice to measure the reaction end products. It proved to be a valuable technique in combination with other analytical methods for determination of various carbohydrates. GI showed positive activity with glucose, fructose, xylose and L-sorbose but none with mannose, galactose, lactose, maltose, melibiose and cellobiose. Lactase was active on maltose, cellobiose, raffinose, lactose and sucrose but not with maltiol, melibiose or melezitose. Whey proteins were removed either by ultrafiltration or heat precipitation. This deproteinized whey was treated with the two enzymes to produce a syrup composed mainly of galactose, glucose, fructose and small amounts of oligosaccharides. The syrup had a predominantly sweet taste with a slight salty attribute. The proper utilization of whey lactose has potentially valuable features in the production of a sweetening ingredient for foods. This is especially true after the lactose has been hydrolyzed by lactase and then the glucose in the hydrolyzate isomerized to fructose with glucose isomerase.

No description available.

No description available.

Typescript (photocopy). / Digitized by Kansas Correctional Industries

Thesis (M.S.P.H.)--University of Michigan, 1941.

Thesis (M.S.)--Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1990. / Vita. Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 91-97). Also available via the Internet.

Thesis (M.S.P.H.)--University of Michigan, 1941.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin, 1966. / eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaf 191).

As the obesity epidemic continues to grow, attention has been turned towards the abundance of processed foods and beverages in the Western diet. Controversy has particularly surrounded high fructose corn syrup (HFCS), which is a commonly used sweetener in these products. Our study is designed to not only investigate the metabolic effects resulting from prolonged exposure to a highly sweetened diet, but also to determine the effects of this maternal diet on the offspring. For the study, three specially made, pelleted diets and a control were administered to weight matched groups of female Long Evans rats: Control "Chow" AIN-G93, Group (2) AIN-G93 + 10% HFCS, Group (3) AIN-G93 + 20% HFCS, and Group (4) 20% sucrose. All of the diets were isocaloric and differed only in the amount of added sweetener. At the end of the initial study, a strong phenotypic difference was not determined among the dams; however, postnatal body weights were increased in the pups born to dams raised on sweetened diets groups compared to the Chow-fed dams. Even further, following exposure to a LF or HF diet, the progeny showed altered sensitivity to the obesogenic effects of the diet as was seen in body weights and caloric intake. Glucose homeostasis, plasma triglyceride levels, and liver weights also appeared to be influenced by the maternal and post-weaning diets. To further examine this maternal diet effect, the study was repeated, and experiments were performed while the pups were in utero and also during lactation. Metabolic parameters measured during pregnancy showed a trend towards higher triglycerides in the HFCS dams compared to Chow. Tests during lactation aimed to determine whether the pups were hyperphagic, but showed no significance. Overall, these studies suggest that sweetener components such as sucrose or HFCS used in beverages and processed foods may potentially contribute to the development to the obesity and the metabolic syndrome in offspring. Additionally, HFCS may amplify this effect even further.