The phenomenon of industries developing into group organizations has become more and more popular. Most group industries are working actively and hard to expand their market shares and profits by diversifying their investments. Because of having a complete self-developed system, some group companies think their practical experience of business flow paths in system development can be used as reference resources for other companies. These group companies, therefore, encourage their information units to shift the models of ¡§entrepreneurial venture Spin-off company¡¨. According to the past experience and impressions of cooperating with the spin-off companies, some subsidiaries of the group companies have developed a strategy to outsource their information system to spin-off companies. This is a case study with long-term observation in the field. We use the theory of Aspiration-Level Adaptation (Cyert & March, 1963) as a basis to explain the process of decision adaptation while the subsidiary of the group company seeks for software outsourcing from a spin-off company. The outsourcing of the subsidiary of the group company was determined by the inter-trust relationship between the subsidiary and spin-off company as well as the past working performance. The decision index is quite simple. But when the performance of the outsourcing information spin-off company cannot meet the subsidiary¡¦s expectations, the subsidiary will adjust its behaviors and decisions toward the spin-off company by its past experience. The subsidiary will also set up a suitable outsourcing management and control mechanism. Thus, we can see that the information outsourcing process is a continual process of aspiration-level adaptation, and the outsourcing company will adjust its decision according to the degrees that the spin-off company meets its expectancy level.

Introducing an information system is an organizational learning process, during the process of development an information system , organizational members learn how to introduce information technology into an enterprise. While learning, however, most of individuals always act defensively without any awareness, when solving their problems. For the purpose of Organizational learning, these defensive behaviors will bring counterproductive or unintended consequences or limited learning, and result in the information system which cannot completely meet the business needs or cause project¡¦s schedule delay. In this research, we use the process research model methodology which developed by D. Robey and M. Newman in 1992 year and 1996 year, identify the 16 sequences event process in the case of healthcare information project of E hospital, and define them as either encounters or episodes. From the view of organizational defense, we analyze these events base on the theories of defense mechanism from Argyris and documents about organizational defense from information management. The analyzing results show that there indeed exist many defensive behaviors during the development of project of E hospital, and thus cause negative effect. This research offers these defensive phenomenon for the CIO and project managers to take precaution against same mistake while implementing information project, and help organizational members learning effectively while introducing an information system, in order to reduce risk of project failure and improve control of information project¡¦s cost, quality and schedule.

<p> </p><p>The advantages of adopting a new software system for Supply Chain Management (SCM) enable the organization to enhance work efficiency as well as customer satisfaction in the supply chain network. These advantages make enterprises update their SCM system through project as a method of realize their strategic change. This research explores how the project manager leads the project team, a temporarily formed unit with multi-functional members, by looking into three focus concepts of the practice perspective:<em> Practitioner, Praxis, and Practices.</em> The empirical study utilized two projects in the electronics firms as the case study. It was decided that a qualitative approach was the most appropriate method to gather the data based on the practice perspective.</p><p> </p><p>The findings of this thesis support this primacy of communication.  To successfully execute the short duration project for system change, intra-organizational communication has an important part to play in the success of change initiatives. Analysis revealed that the project managers’ soft skills are more important than their knowledge of using project-specific tools or techniques in managing short-duration projects. In the empirical study, the requirements of all project practitioners were not met due to tight schedule and limited resource. However, the project objectives were still achieved on time. Some key success factors were identified, such as top management commitment to the project, correct prioritization of different stakeholders’ power, and involvement of employees as early as possible within the change process. The study concludes that the three focus concepts of the practice perspective interplay during the project process and they contribute to the general framework in the short duration project for realizing strategic change, which can be a reference for industry participants in managing similar projects.</p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p>

The advantages of adopting a new software system for Supply Chain Management (SCM) enable the organization to enhance work efficiency as well as customer satisfaction in the supply chain network. These advantages make enterprises update their SCM system through project as a method of realize their strategic change. This research explores how the project manager leads the project team, a temporarily formed unit with multi-functional members, by looking into three focus concepts of the practice perspective: Practitioner, Praxis, and Practices. The empirical study utilized two projects in the electronics firms as the case study. It was decided that a qualitative approach was the most appropriate method to gather the data based on the practice perspective.   The findings of this thesis support this primacy of communication.  To successfully execute the short duration project for system change, intra-organizational communication has an important part to play in the success of change initiatives. Analysis revealed that the project managers’ soft skills are more important than their knowledge of using project-specific tools or techniques in managing short-duration projects. In the empirical study, the requirements of all project practitioners were not met due to tight schedule and limited resource. However, the project objectives were still achieved on time. Some key success factors were identified, such as top management commitment to the project, correct prioritization of different stakeholders’ power, and involvement of employees as early as possible within the change process. The study concludes that the three focus concepts of the practice perspective interplay during the project process and they contribute to the general framework in the short duration project for realizing strategic change, which can be a reference for industry participants in managing similar projects.

Development of computer based systems should be an organized task involving participation of the user. Along its development it must generate documents that guide the developer on creation of the system project. It could originate a system that takes care of the user expectation, in an economical way and with acceptable quality. The existing methodologies for system development are based on CASE tools, most of them are automated and they are very costly. It is causing partial or total abandonment of its use by developers linked to small companies. This dissertation presents a systematization model of tools applied to development of computer based systems. It uses as basis the incremental life cycle model associated with a prototype model. By filling the considered forms in a sequential way and developing the necessary diagrams in a manual way, the developer is led towards execution of development tasks for computer based systems. Using a case study, where the proposed model was applied to development of computer based systems, it is possible to conclude that the created system is of a high quality one, low cost in its development and higher productivity of the involved professionals. / O desenvolvimento de sistemas informatizados deve ser uma tarefa organizada, que envolva a participação do usuário, que possa gerar documentos que orientem o desenvolvedor na criação do projeto do sistema, e que principalmente venha dar origem a um sistema que atenda as expectativas do usuário, no menor espaço de tempo possível, de forma econômica e com um grau de qualidade aceitável. As metodologias existentes para desenvolvimento de sistemas baseiam-se na utilização de ferramentas, as quais, na sua maioria, são automatizadas e com alto custo, fato este que vem a causar o abandono da sua utilização, de forma parcial ou total, pelos desenvolvedores ligados a empresas de pequeno porte, empresas estas que operam normalmente com grandes deficiências financeiras. Este trabalho apresenta um modelo de sistematização de uso de ferramentas para desenvolvimento de sistemas informatizados. Utiliza como base o modelo de ciclo de vida incremental associado à prototipação e, através do preenchimento, de forma seqüencial, dos formulários propostos, e do desenvolvimento, de forma manual, dos diagramas necessários, busca-se direcionar a execução das tarefas de desenvolvimento de um sistema informatizado. Através de um estudo de caso, onde o modelo proposto foi utilizado no desenvolvimento de um sistema informatizado, foi possível concluir que o sistema gerado apresentou um maior grau de qualidade, menor custo no seu desenvolvimento e uma maior produtividade dos profissionais envolvidos.

Diploma thesis is focused on the PRINCE2 methodology, which has been developed based on the needs of the British government for project management and after that it is applied to the needs of a private Czech company. There are described the basic features of the methodology, which are major benefits for the project management. On practical preparation is demonstrated the possibility of adapting the methodology on a practical elaboration to the specifics of a certain project and there are attached the drawn up project documents.

Master thesis on topic Design of intelligent data distribution network is focused on the design of KNX bus system. The theoretical part is focused on problematic of KNX technology and on the rules, regulations and forms which must correct project documentation contain. The practical part is focused on creation of complete design of project documentation KNX bus system. In this thesis is basically shown how project documentation should look like.

The diploma thesis focuses on the project of SAP system implementation in the company. It clarifies the basic problems and methods of project management and further describes the application of this knowledge in practice. The outcome is feasibility study, which takes into account the factors and risks of the project.

The main goal of this diploma thesis is the creation of the bases for the project realization with the output in the form of the web portal for disabled fellow - citizens and people with special needs, e.g. elderly, foreigners etc. Mentioned bases form especially the analytic part of the project and description and realization of the most activities, which are in some way related to the work of the analyst. One of the most important contributions of this diploma thesis is the identification of the issue of disabled people, the identification of current available significant and germane information within the framework and especially the proposal and recommendation for developing the present situation. This diploma thesis forms finally the indispensable benefit for resolution of the whole project, because it contains its substantial part. The thesis is divided into several comprehensive and connected blocks. There are the main goals and reasons leading to choosing this subject described in the introduction, as well as the premises and limitations of realization of this diploma thesis. The author continues with identification of the information needs of possible portal users, whereas the emphasis is placed on the status and number of disabled citizens in the Czech Republic. Another important part of this thesis is the construction and description of the project plan, which includes the activities and occurrences needed for the realization of the overall solution. The remaining structure of the thesis is determined by a sequence of phases and activities described in the project plan. The evaluation of achieved goal's levels and detail identification of the contributions is made at the close of this diploma thesis.

Nearly 45 years ago, the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) was signed into law to become the first national policy for the environment of the United States. As it has evolved over time through implementation and litigation, numerous countries and states around the world have emulated NEPA with similar environmental impact assessment requirements. Many scholars have evaluated the success of the legislation in accomplishing its lofty goals. Most commonly, however, these studies address the procedural performance of agencies through the creation of environmental impact statements. This thesis examines the effectiveness of NEPA in accomplishing its substantive, rather than procedural, goals by identifying a set of values essential to meeting the fundamental intent of the Act. The values are then evaluated in the context of the Ivanpah Solar Electric Generating System Project to determine whether or not the NEPA process was effective in this case and to derive lessons for its future implementation.