It has often been claimed that, during the 1980s and early 1990s, the new right think tanks - namely the Institute of Economic Affairs (IEA), Centre for Policy Studies (CPS), and Adam Smith Institute (ASI) - had a major impact on policy-making and policy change. This thesis addresses such claims by examining three reforms in which the new right think tanks have been attributed an influence - bus deregulation, education reform, and prison privatisation. It seeks not only to empirically assess their impact, but also to relate these findings to the policy-making literature, in particular the Rhodes Model which emphasises policy continuity and the Advocacy Coalition Framework which seeks to explain policy change. It is argued that the new right think tanks had an impact on all three policy changes, as members of "advocacy coalitions", although the nature and extent of this impact varied. In some cases, the TEA, CPS, and ASI were able to have a direct impact on policy change, obtaining access to policy-makers through coalition allies. In other cases their impact was indirect, in shaping the broader "climate of ideas". The new right think tanks also contributed to new patterns of policy formulation, although there is limited evidence of any long-term structural impact on policy-making in these areas. It is also argued that the case studies raise a number of issues for the Rhodes Model and the Advocacy Coalition Framework, although these could be addressed by integrating the two to develop an approach to account for both policy continuity and policy change.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1983. / Typescript. Title from title screen (viewed July 2, 2008). Includes bibliographical references (p. 170-175). Online version of the print original.

Thesis (B.S.)--University of Missouri, School of Mines and Metallurgy, 1909. / The entire thesis text is included in file. Typescript. Illustrated by author. Title from title screen of thesis/dissertation PDF file (viewed December 4, 2008)

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1980. / Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 84-88).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1976. / Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Bibliography: leaves 98-103.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1983. / Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 170-175).

Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2006. / Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vii, 88 p. : ill. (some col.), map (part col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 47-49).

The presence of light non-aqueous phase liquid (LNAPL) in the subsurface constitutes a long-term source of pollution for groundwater. Hence understand the movement of NAPL in the subsurface is essential in order to design effective remediation technology. Their movement in the subsurface is so complex that researchers have been using different media, different NAPLs, and conducted experiments in 1-D column, 2-D tank and 3-D tank in order to study the phenomenon. To solve the problem of limitation in flow boundaries in 1-D researchers have used two dimensional (2-D) tanks made of glass and plexiglass. However there have been some questions concerning the possible impact of NAPL wettability on materials use to construct the tank. This wettability may influence the flow of fluids at the visual interface. A representative LNAPL (dodecane) was released in the vadose zone of an Ottawa sand. Two external constant head reservoirs were used to maintain a constant water table in the tank. Time-series digital images of plume were used to analyze the geometry and position of the plume in the tanks regarding to the water table. Then relative geometry of the LNAPL was compared to Pantazidou and Sitar's equation. In both the sand and the glass tank, water is the wetting fluid, whereas dodecane (LNAPL) is the non-wetting fluid. However, on the plexiglass the LNAPL is the wetting fluid. As a result 40% and 70% difference were observed between glass and plexiglass tanks regarding the length and the thickness, and the area was twice the size of the plume in the glass tank. This demonstrates that the tank material is an important parameter to be considered on flow visualization of NAPL. Moreover, the influence of ethanol on dodecane was tested on a 2-D tank in glass. The results showed that the presence of ethanol appears to influence on the size and position of the plume in the subsurface.

As a young child, my father once told me that it is impossible to know and understand everything. At first I did not believe him, but as I grew up, I realised why he said it. This realisation did not, however, dawn on me overnight. During my training many textbooks and lecturers painted the picture of a world that can be described by a few simple laws. When I finished my training and started to work as a water engineer, I realised that this was only an illusion. The difference between theory and practise was bigger than I thought. I eventually came to the realisation, through the wisdom of many others, that this gap between theory and reality is not only due to the limitations of science and technology, but also to beliefs. Often these beliefs are so intertwined with science and technology that the scientists and technologists themselves are not aware of it. This study attempts to explain why differences between theory and practise exist. The modelling of water treatment process tanks is used as a vehicle to demonstrate this. In the process it is shown that scientists and technologists cannot use models in a responsible manner without also considering the broader philosophical aspects. My personal most satisfying contribution was to demonstrate the influence of philosophical views on process tank design methods. The study also makes original contributions in the field of water treatment process tank modelling. Computational Fluid Dynamic models are used in an attempt to understand water treatment process tanks better. This modelling technique applies a combination of scientific, technological and modelling concepts. An appropriate question by many technical readers will be why a significant portion of this text includes philosophical concepts if the title of the study deals with process tank modelling? First the arguments presented and the process of argumentation, can assist many scientists and engineers to develop a much broader view of science, technology and models. A second reason for this inclusion is the background it gives to where theories originated and how they were developed. Most importantly, however, the realisation of the inherent shortcomings of theories came much later and this is the third reason for its inclusion. It deals with exposing invalid assumptions and misconceptions that are held in the design of some process tanks. These misconceptions often originate from a philosophical view rather than a scientific observation. The fourth reason is to demonstrate the importance of normative aspects in the practise of science and technology. Finally, it can also benefit philosophers in the sense that they can see how philosophy can be applied to very practical problems. A need that is unsatisfied in many scientific and technical fields. / Prof. J. Haarhoff

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