No description available.

L’allègement des structures pour l’aéronautique pose, entre autres, la problématique del’usinage des matériaux composites et multi-matériaux. Le challenge réside dans la conceptiond’outils répondant aux conditions spécifiques d’usinage de ces matériaux et à leur extrêmeabrasivité. Une solution est de faire appel aux performances du diamant comme revêtementrésistant à l’usure. Dans le cadre de ce manuscrit, nous proposons d’étudier les cinétiques deformation du diamant microcristallin, sur des couches minces de nitrure de tantale (TaN). Cenitrure cristallise sous deux structures distinctes : une phase stable, hexagonale, h-TaN, et unephase métastable, cubique faces centrées, fcc-TaN. Des paramètres d’élaborationméticuleusement optimisés ont rendu possible la synthèse de ces deux structures sous forme decouches minces monophasées et la proposition de mécanismes de stabilisation. Leur potentiel entant que couche de germination du diamant a été évalué et quantifié grâce à une méthodologieoriginale, alliant expériences et modélisation. La contribution de la modélisation a permis nonseulement d’interpréter précisément les résultats obtenus expérimentalement, mais aussid’identifier les grandeurs influentes. Les coefficients de diffusion du carbone et flux de carbonetransférés dans h-TaN et fcc-TaN ont ainsi été déterminés. Les résultats obtenus, en termesd’interactions entre le TaN et le carbone, au cours du procédé d’élaboration du diamant, ouvrentdes perspectives intéressantes en termes de contrôle de la formation du diamant par CVD. / Weight reduction of aeronautic devices raises composite and multi-materialsmachining issues. The challenge lies in designing cutting tools able to resist to the specificmachining conditions of these materials and their abrasivity. One solution is to use diamond as awear resistant coating. In this work, we propose to study the kinetic of formation ofmicrocrystalline diamond onto a tantalum nitride (TaN) thin film. TaN exhibits two crystallographicstructures: the hexagonal stable one, h-TaN, and the metastable one with a face centered cubiclattice, fcc-TaN. An accurate control of deposition conditions allows us to isolate both structuresas single-phased thin films and to propose two stabilization mechanism scenarios. The influenceof each TaN structure on diamond formation has been gauged thanks to the inventivemethodology we developed and which combines experiments and modeling. The contribution ofmodeling relies on an accurate interpretation of the experimental results and the identification ofthe key parameters. Thus, carbon diffusion coefficients and carbon transfers into h-TaN and fcc-TaN phases could be determined. Our results, in terms of TaN/carbon interactions, open up newhorizons for diamond nucleation and growth in CVD conditions.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:06:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LeilianeAO.pdf: 1040153 bytes, checksum: 7b51c6820dc4a457d8c742b3fc25c179 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-08-22 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / The present work shows a contribution to the studies of development and solid sinterization of a metallic matrix composite MMC that has as starter materials 316L stainless steel atomized with water, and two different Tantalum Carbide TaC powders, with averages crystallite sizes of 13.78 nm and 40.66 nm. Aiming the metallic matrix s density and hardness increase was added different nanometric sizes of TaC by dispersion. The 316L stainless steel is an alloy largely used because it s high resistance to corrosion property. Although, its application is limited by the low wear resistance, consequence of its low hardness. Besides this, it shows low sinterability and it cannot be hardened by thermal treatments traditional methods because of the austenitic structure, face centered cubic, stabilized mainly in nickel presence. Steel samples added with TaC 3% wt (each sample with different type of carbide), following a mechanical milling route using conventional mill for 24 hours. Each one of the resulted samples, as well as the pure steel sample, were compacted at 700 MPa, room temperature, without any addictive, uniaxial tension, using a 5 mm diameter cylindrical mold, and quantity calculated to obtain compacted final average height of 5 mm. Subsequently, were sintered in vacuum atmosphere, temperature of 1290?C, heating rate of 20?C/min, using different soaking times of 30 and 60 min and cooled at room temperature. The sintered samples were submitted to density and micro-hardness analysis. The TaC reforced samples showed higher density values and an expressive hardness increase. The complementary analysis in optical microscope, scanning electronic microscope and X ray diffractometer, showed that the TaC, processed form, contributed with the hardness increase, by densification, itself hardness and grains growth control at the metallic matrix, segregating itself to the grain boarders / O presente trabalho apresenta uma contribui??o ao estudo do desenvolvimento e sinteriza??o s?lida de um Comp?sito de Matriz Met?lica CMM que tem como materiais de partida um a?o inoxid?vel 316L atomizado a ?gua, e duas partidas diferentes de Carbeto de T?ntalo TaC, com tamanhos m?dios de cristalitos de 13,78 nm e 40,66 nm. Objetivando aumentar a densidade e dureza da matriz met?lica foi adicionado, por dispers?o diferentes part?culas nanom?tricas de TaC. O a?o inoxid?vel 316L ? uma liga largamente utilizada pela sua propriedade de alta resist?ncia ? corros?o. Contudo, sua aplica??o ? limitada pela baixa resist?ncia ao desgaste, conseq??ncia da sua baixa dureza. Al?m disso, apresenta baixa sinterabilidade e n?o pode ser endurecido pelos m?todos tradicionais de tratamentos t?rmicos, devido a sua estrutura austen?tica, c?bica de face centrada, estabilizada principalmente pela presen?a do N?quel. Amostras de a?os adicionadas com 3% em peso de TaC (cada amostra com carbetos de partidas diferentes), seguiram uma rota de moagem mec?nica em moinho convencional por 24 horas. Cada uma das amostras resultantes, assim como amostras do a?o puro foram compactados a 700 MPa, a frio, sem nenhum aditivo, uniaxialmente, em uma matriz cil?ndrica de 5 mm de di?metro, em quantidade calculada para ter uma altura m?dia final do compactado de 5 mm. Posteriormente, foram sinterizadas em forno a v?cuo, em temperatura de at? 1290? C com incremento de 20 ?C por minuto, sendo mantidas neste patamar por 30 ou 60 minutos e resfriadas ? temperatura ambiente. As amostras sinterizadas foram submetidas aos ensaios para a medi??o da densidade e da micro-dureza. As amostras contendo o refor?o de TaC apresentaram maiores valores de densidade e um aumento significativo na sua dureza. As an?lises complementares no microsc?pio ?tico, no microsc?pio eletr?nico de varredura e no difrat?metro de raios-X, mostram que o TaC, na forma processada, contribuiu com o aumento da dureza, pela densifica??o, pela sua pr?pria dureza e pelo controle do crescimento dos gr?os da matriz met?lica, segregando-se nos seus contornos

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:07:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RoseaneAB_TESE.pdf: 2502276 bytes, checksum: 8d0bea579c9b9da8a192feccb392ae6a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-04-29 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / In this study it was used two metallic oxides, Ta2O5 and TiO2, in order to obtain metallic powders of Ta and Ti through aluminothermic reduction ignited by plasma. Ta2O5 and TiO2 powders were mixed with Al in a planetary mill, using different milling times. A thermal analysis study (DTA and TG) was carried out, in order to know the temperature to react both the mixtures. Then, these mixtures were submitted to a hollow cathode discharge, where they were reacted using aluminothermic reduction ignited by plasma. The product obtained was characterized by XRD and SEM, where it was proven the possibility of producing these metallic particles, different from the conventional process, where metallic ingots are obtained. It was verified that the aluminothermic reduction ignited by plasma is able to produce metallic powders of Ta and Ti, and a higher efficiency was observed to the process with Ta2O5-Al mixtures. Among different microstructural aspects observed, it can be noted the presence of metallic nanoparticles trapped into an Al2O3 matrix, besides acicular structures (titanium) and dendritic structures (tantalum), which are a product characteristic from a fast cooling / No presente estudo foram utilizados dois ?xidos met?licos, Ta2O5 e TiO2, visando a obten??o de part?culas de Ta e Ti met?licos, por meio da redu??o aluminot?rmica com igni??o a plasma. P?s de Ta2O5 e TiO2 foram misturados com p? de Al e mo?dos em um moinho planet?rio por diferentes per?odos. Um estudo de an?lise t?rmica (DTA e TG) foi realizado, visando se conhecer a temperatura de rea??o para ambas as misturas. Conhecidas essas temperaturas, as misturas foram submetidas a uma descarga em c?todo oco, onde foram reagidas pelo processo de redu??o aluminot?rmica com igni??o a plasma. O material obtido foi caracterizado por DRX e MEV, onde se comprovou a possibilidade da obten??o de um produto na forma de p?, algumas vezes de dimens?es nanom?tricas, diferentemente do processo convencional, onde o produto final ? obtido na forma de lingote. Verificou-se que a redu??o aluminot?rmica com igni??o a plasma ? capaz de produzir p?s de Ta e Ti met?licos, com uma efici?ncia maior para a rea??o da mistura Ta2O5-Al. Dentre os diferentes aspectos microestruturais observados, destaca-se a presen?a de nanopart?culas do metal de interesse embebidas em uma matriz de Al2O3, al?m de estruturas acicular (tit?nio) e dendr?tica (t?ntalo), que s?o caracter?sticas de um resfriamento r?pido

Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:43:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T13:56:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 06635.pdf: 4560564 bytes, checksum: 677cab6b14a66c0989ef5859a83679e3 (MD5) / Dissertacao (Mestrado) / IPEN/D / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN/CNEN-SP

Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:37:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T13:56:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 01909.pdf: 4337748 bytes, checksum: 86acf59a272732a64c336ea3408816ec (MD5) / Tese (Doutoramento) / IPEN/T / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN/CNEN-SP

No description available.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:36:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T13:59:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Tese (Doutoramento) / IPEN/T / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP

Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:26:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T14:06:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Tese (Doutoramento) / IPEN/T / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP

Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:43:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T13:56:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 06635.pdf: 4560564 bytes, checksum: 677cab6b14a66c0989ef5859a83679e3 (MD5) / Dissertacao (Mestrado) / IPEN/D / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN/CNEN-SP