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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
51

Innovativeness as related to other factors in a Colombian community: Contadero, Narino.

Maffei, Eugenio. January 1966 (has links)
Thesis (Master of Science)--University of Wisconsin. / eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Bibliography: leaves 37-38.
52

Institutions and technical efficiency on farms in Guatemalan land purchase-sale programs

Dunn, Elizabeth. January 1991 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1991. / Cover title. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (p. 208-218).
53

Liability, Innovation, and Safety in the Chemical Industry (chapter)

Ashford, Nicholas, Stone, R.F. January 1991 (has links)
No description available.
54

Using Regulation to Change the Market for Innovation

Ashford, Nicholas, Ayers, Christine, Stone, R.F. January 1985 (has links)
No description available.
55

Regulation and Technological Innovation in the Chemical Industry

Ashford, Nicholas, Heaton, George R. January 1983 (has links)
No description available.
56

Trends, cycles and institutions : -Job polarization and the business cycle in Europe

Kernen, Joakim January 2018 (has links)
This thesis studies the cyclical aspect of job polarization in Europe. Contributions include offering a comparison to the findings of previous research on the United States, and extending the analysis by introducing labor market institutions. The analysis is done in two parts, first showing that the observed link between job polarization and jobless recoveries in the US is observed in Europe, but not across all countries and business cycles. In Scandinavia, the process of job polarization appears smoother than the spurts observed in the US. The second part involves regression analyses of the relationship between labor market institutions, the business cycle and occupational employment. The results indicate that stricter labor market institutions are less robustly associated with Routine employment than other occupational groups and that Routine employment is more sensitive to the business cycle than other types of employment. Further, rigid labor market institutions may prevent some of the Routine decline associated with economic downturns, while not necessarily affecting the long run employment. Limitations of the analysis regards rough estimates of the key variables, number of observations and the lack of identification associated with cross-country analyses.
57

Directed Technological Change in a post-Keynesian Ecological Macromodel

Naqvi, Syed Ali Asjad, Engelbert, Stockhammer 18 December 2017 (has links) (PDF)
This paper presents a post-Keynesian ecological macro model that combines three strands of literature: the directed technological change mechanism developed in mainstream endogenous growth theory models, the ecological economic literature which highlights the role of green innovation and material flows, and the post-Keynesian school which provides a framework to deal with the demand side of the economy, financial flows, and inter- and intra-sectoral behavioral interactions. The model is stock-flow consistent and introduces research and development (R&D) as a component of GDP funded by private firm investment and public expenditure. The economy uses three complimentary inputs - Labor, Capital, and (non-renewable) Resources. Input productivities depend on R&D expenditures, which are determined by relative changes in their respective prices. Two policy experiments are tested; a Resource tax increase, and an increase in the share of public R&D on Resources. Model results show that policy instruments that are continually increased over a long-time horizon have better chances of achieving a "green" transition than one-of climate policy shocks to the system, that primarily have a short-run affect. / Series: Ecological Economic Papers
58

El desarrollo tecnológico en la historia

Ordoñez, Leonardo 09 April 2018 (has links) (PDF)
Technological Development in History. From its origins, the human species has been characterized by its ability to develop tools and artifacts of various kinds. This article provides an introduction to the question about the logic of technological development in Western history. The central question that the article addresses is: are techniques developed through the revolutionary or evolutionary path? Does it progress through sudden or  abrupt jumps, or through slow incremental changes? The article is divided into three parts. In the first, we summarize the interpretations of the revolutionary and evolutionary history of technology. Next,  we reconstruct the typology proposed by Serres to characterize technological development through a model that overcomes the dichotomy revolution / evolution. Finally, we show how these approaches to the history of technology influence the formulation of theories of technological change. / Desde sus orígenes, la especie humana se ha caracterizado por suhabilidad para la elaboración de herramientas y artefactos de diversa índole.Este artículo constituye una introducción a la pregunta por la lógica deldesarrollo tecnológico en la historia de Occidente. La cuestión central que eltexto aborda es esta: ¿La técnica se desarrolla por vía revolucionaria o por víaevolutiva? ¿Progresa mediante saltos bruscos súbitos o mediante cambiospaulatinos lentos? El artículo consta de tres partes. En la primera, reseñamoslas interpretaciones revolucionaria y evolutiva de la historia de la técnica;enseguida, reconstruimos la tipología que propone Serres para caracterizar eldesarrollo tecnológico mediante un modelo que supera la dicotomía revolución/evolución; al final, mostramos cómo estas aproximaciones a la historia de latécnica inciden en la formulación de las teorías del cambio tecnológico.
59

A dinamica da produção tecnologica : integrando as analises da sociologia e da economia / The dynamics of technological production : integrating the analyses of sociology and economics

Silva, Cristiane Rodrigues Vianna 21 August 2007 (has links)
Orientador: Lea Maria Leme Strini Velho / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Geociencias / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-09T02:53:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Silva_CristianeRodriguesVianna_M.pdf: 690900 bytes, checksum: 0750b89fc5a21b50fd369cbbded19566 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / Resumo: A proposta dessa dissertação vai ao encontro do reconhecimento recente por parte dos autores das mais diversas tendências de que os enfoques disciplinares para tratar a produção do conhecimento em ciência e tecnologia, em geral, e a mudança tecnológica, em particular, são insuficientes. Como resposta a esse problema, propõe a multidisciplinaridade (ou interatividade) como forma de análise para esse fenômeno. Particularmente parece existir dificuldade de diálogo entre aqueles que estudam a produção do conhecimento científico e tecnológico com abordagens sociológicas e aqueles que o fazem a partir de enfoques econômicos. Aproximar essas duas vertentes de análise, identificando suas diferenças e, principalmente, seus pontos convergentes é do que se trata essa dissertação. Enquanto a Economia tende a não incorporar elementos importantes para a compreensão desse processo, como os determinantes sociais deste tipo de produção - entre eles, os interesses dos atores envolvidos, as estruturas de poder e a influência dos aspectos políticos -, a Sociologia, em contrapartida, desconsidera muitas das características fundamentais para a estrutura econômica de produção tecnológica, como agências, instituições e sistemas econômicos. Esses diferentes aspectos enfocados por cada uma dessas linhas de pensamento permitem que surjam, em muitos momentos, espaços ociosos de análise que poderiam ser mais bem explorados caso houvesse um esforço de complementaridade entre eles. Muito embora ainda haja certa resistência na integração disciplinar, este trabalho explora as possibilidades de entrecruzamentos das linhas de pensamento econômica, representada pela Economia Evolucionista (EE), e social, representada por dois ramos da Sociologia do Conhecimento Científico: a Social Construction of Technology (SCOT) e a Actor Network Theory (ANT), partindo-se da perspectiva de que alguns de seus elementos de análise se complementam de forma a garantir uma caracterização mais consistente e ampla do objeto analisado. Para tanto, apresenta em seu primeiro capítulo uma contextualização sucinta de onde estão inseridas as três abordagens, quais são suas principais contribuições no que tange à produção tecnológica e algumas de suas principais categorias analíticas. Em seu segundo capítulo, propõe um exercício de complementaridade entre essas categorias analíticas, buscando ressaltar os pontos de interface e os pontos a partir dos quais uma suprimiria a carência analítica das outras. Em seu terceiro capítulo, ilustra, para cada uma das abordagens, um estudo de caso de desenvolvimento tecnológico, que são revisitados à luz das principais categorias de análise fornecidos por elas, para que assim possa-se identificar tanto a diferença no modo como cada um dos enfoques analisa os casos em questão quanto a possibilidade de complementaridade entre eles / Abstract: The proposal of this dissertation is based on the recent recognition by authors of the most diverse trends that disciplinary approach to study the production of knowledge in science and technology, in general, and the technological change, in particular, is insufficient. Based on this, it proposes the multidisciplinarity (or interactivity) as a form of analysis of this phenomenon. Particularly it seems to exist no dialogue between the ones who study the production of scientific and technological knowledge based on sociological approaches and those who study it based on economic tools. To integrate these two sources of analysis, identifying its differences and, mainly, its convergent points is the first aim of this dissertation. While Economics tends not to incorporate important elements for the understanding of these processes, such as the social determinants of this type of production ¿ among them, the interests of the involved actors, the emergence of power structures between them and the influence of the political aspects - , Sociology, on the other hand, disregards many of the basic economic aspects of technological production, such as economic agencies, institutions and systems. The different aspects focused by each discipline on technological production allow the appearance, in many moments, of vague spaces of analysis that could be better explored if a complementary effort existed between them. Even though there is still certain reluctance on disciplinary integration, this work explores the possibilities of dialogue between one approach of Economics thought, represented by the Evolutionary Economics (EE), and two approaches of the Sociology of Scientific Knowledge, represented by the Social Construction of Technology (SCOT) and the Actor Network Theory (ANT), considering that some of its analytical elements complement each other, guaranteeing a more consistent and ample characterization of the analyzed object. For in such a way, it presents on its first chapter an introduction of these three approaches, its main contributions related to the technological production and some of its major analytical categories. Its second chapter proposes an exercise of complementarity between these analytical categories, searching to stand out the interface points and the points from which one approach would suppress the analytical fragilities of the others. The third chapter presents a technological development case study for each one of the approaches, which are revisited based on the conciliation of the three categories of analysis, allowing the application of the possibility of complementarity between them / Mestrado / Mestre em Política Científica e Tecnológica
60

[en] CHANGES IN UNEMPLOYMENT BY SKILL EVIDENCE FROM BRAZIL DURING THE NINETIES / [pt] MUDANÇAS NO DESEMPREGO POR NÍVEL DE QUALIFICAÇÃO DURANTE A DÉCADA DE NOVENTA NO BRASIL

MAURICIO CORTEZ REIS 16 September 2004 (has links)
[pt] A taxa de desemprego no Brasil aumentou significativamente durante os anos noventa. Nota-se também que esse aumento do desemprego foi muito mais intenso para os trabalhadores com níveis mais baixos de qualificação. O objetivo desta tese é identificar os fatores que determinaram essas diferentes trajetórias da taxa de desemprego entre os grupos de qualificação. A tese é composta de seis capítulos, incluindo a introdução e a conclusão. Os resultados encontrados nos capítulos 2 e 3 mostram que ocorreu um importante aumento na produtividade dos trabalhadores qualificados em relação aos semi-qualificados e os não-qualificados durante a década de noventa. Esse resultado parece estar associado à utilização de tecnologias mais modernas, intensivas em trabalho qualificado, após a liberalização comercial. Com isso, a taxa de desemprego dos trabalhadores qualificados teria diminuído em relação aos demais grupos. O capítulo 4 mostra que apesar do desemprego dos trabalhadores qualificados ter diminuído em relação aos demais grupos de qualificação nas coortes mais novas, nas gerações mais antigas o desemprego relativo dos qualificados aumentou. Decompondo o comportamento do desemprego por nível de qualificação em efeitos associados à idade, ao período e a coorte, são encontradas evidências de que características específicas das gerações mais novas de trabalhadores qualificados contribuíram para a redução no desemprego relativo desse grupo. Esse resultado é consistente com a hipótese de que o progresso tecnológico deve ter favorecido os trabalhadores qualificados das gerações mais novas, em função das características da educação recebida por esse grupo. O capítulo 5 apresenta evidências de que aumentos na pressão salarial também foram importantes para o comportamento do desemprego por nível de qualificação. Durante os anos noventa, ocorreram aumentos na aposentadoria domiciliar per capita, principalmente para os trabalhadores não-qualificados. De acordo com o argumento proposto no capítulo, a maior renda decorrente da aposentadoria teria aumentado o salário de reserva dos trabalhadores, gerando um aumento da pressão salarial, o que, por sua vez, teria levado a maiores taxas de desemprego. Os resultados empíricos mostram que maiores aposentadorias estão diretamente relacionadas a taxas mais altas de desemprego para os trabalhadores não-qualificados. / [en] During the nineties, Brazil experienced a remarkable increase in its unemployment rate. The rise in unemployment was more intense for unskilled and semi-skilled workers relative to skilled workers. The objective of this thesis is to identify the determinants for the different patterns of unemployment rate by skill during the nineties. The thesis is organized into six chapters, including the introduction and the conclusion. The chapters 2 and 3 of the thesis show that occurred an increase of skilled workers productivity relative to unskilled and semi-skilled during the nineties, which is consistent with the technological progress that followed the trade liberalization. As a consequence of these changes, the skilled workers unemployment rate decreased relative to the other groups. The chapter 4 presents evidences that the skilled relative unemployment rate decreased for the younger skilled cohorts, while older skilled cohorts experienced increases in its relative unemployment rate. The empirical evidence, obtained decomposing the unemployment rate by skill into age, period and cohort effects, shows that characteristics associated with younger skilled cohorts contributed for the reduction in this group unemployment rate. This could be explained by the fact that technological changes in the nineties were biased toward these workers because of their type and quality of education. The chapter 5 shows that increases in the wage pressure were important to the relative unemployment rate pattern. During the nineties the household retirement income per capita rose sharply in Brazil, and it happened in a more intense way for the unskilled workers than for the other groups. According to the argument of this chapter, the household retirement income increasing affected workers reservation wage, which augmented the wage pressure. Consequently, the higher wage pressure implied in larger unemployment rate. The empirical evidence shows that the household retirement income is positively associated with the unemployment rate for unskilled workers.

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