M.A. / This study investigates the relationship between psychological birth order position, gender and different types and levels of prosocial tendencies in individuals. An ex post facto, between-family research design was used. The Prosocial Tendencies Measure (PTM) which assesses the six types of prosocial behaviours, was completed by eight hundred and eighty-eight participants. Despite the use of specific statistical and methodological procedures to increase sensitivity and reduce error, no significant support was found for the hypothesis that birth order affects prosocial tendencies in individuals on five of the subscales of the PTM. There were, however, statistically significant differences in scores between middleborns and lastborns on the Altruism subscale with middleborns scoring significantly higher than lastborns. Consistent with the hypotheses, statistically significant gender differences were found on the subscales measuring public, emotional, altruistic and compliant prosocial tendencies. The results of the study are discussed in the context of the mixed research findings relating to birth order effects and propose further research into the possible developmental dynamics that may produce greater levels of prosocial tendencies in individuals.

Throughout disability history, attitudes towards individuals with a disability have been a defining topic for research. History has shown that discrimination and stereotypes have been a common concern among people with disabilities and existing research has provided information regarding the general populations’ disability attitudes. This pilot study investigates the differences between Rehabilitation Counseling students’ disability attitudes utilizing the SADP and the Personal Information Form. This pilot study explores video game usage of Rehabilitation Students in training. This topic is explored in relation in terms of escape, attention, tangible, and sensory factors. Research questions analyzed within this pilot study include: What are undergraduate and graduate rehabilitation students in disability attitudes? and What are undergraduate and graduate rehabilitation video gaming tendencies?

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Neste estudo investigou-se a prática profissional do enfermeiro com o objetivo de identificar sua especificidade profissional. Foram analisadas vinte e nove dissertações e teses dedicadas ao estudo da prática profissional, do papel e da identidade do enfermeiro. Foram entrevistados 01 nutricionista, 02 psicólogos, 03 enfermeiros, 03 fisioterapeutas, 04 farmacêuticos, 10 dentistas, e 17 médicos, totalizando quarenta profissionais da saúde, 39 deles de uma organização militar de um município de Minas Gerais e um docente da escola de Enfermagem da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Os dados foram analisados à luz da Teoria de Papéis tomando-se por referencia a Análise de Discurso. Os resultados evidenciaram que: a prática profissional da enfermagem é historicamente construída para o cuidar, o gerenciar e o ensinar; que há dificuldade de identificação de seus atores, por parte de espectadores externos, que chamam a todos enfermeiros; que há ambigüidade e discrepância nas expectativas quanto ao papel do enfermeiro; que o traço marcante do perfil profissional do enfermeiro é a gerência/administração sendo o que o distingue dos demais profissionais da equipe de saúde e na equipe de enfermagem, portanto, esta é a sua especificidade profissional. / This study examined professional nursing practice to identify its professional specificity. We analyzed twenty-nine theses and dissertations that investigated professional practice, roles and identities of nurses. 01 nutritionist, 02 psychologists, 03 nurses, 03 physiotherapists, 04 pharmacists, 10 dentists and 17 physicians were interviewed, totaling forty health professionals, thirty-nine of whom belonged to a Brazilian military organization, while one was a nursing professor. In the framework of the Theory of Roles, data were analyzed through Discourse Analysis. The results evidenced that: nursing practice is historically constructed for care, management and teaching; it is difficult for external observers to identify its agents, who are all called nurses; expectations about the role of nurses are marked by ambiguities and discrepancies. The main characteristic of nurses’ professional profile is management/administration, which sets them apart from other health and nursing professionals. Therefore, this is nurses’ professional specificity.

Neste estudo investigou-se a prática profissional do enfermeiro com o objetivo de identificar sua especificidade profissional. Foram analisadas vinte e nove dissertações e teses dedicadas ao estudo da prática profissional, do papel e da identidade do enfermeiro. Foram entrevistados 01 nutricionista, 02 psicólogos, 03 enfermeiros, 03 fisioterapeutas, 04 farmacêuticos, 10 dentistas, e 17 médicos, totalizando quarenta profissionais da saúde, 39 deles de uma organização militar de um município de Minas Gerais e um docente da escola de Enfermagem da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Os dados foram analisados à luz da Teoria de Papéis tomando-se por referencia a Análise de Discurso. Os resultados evidenciaram que: a prática profissional da enfermagem é historicamente construída para o cuidar, o gerenciar e o ensinar; que há dificuldade de identificação de seus atores, por parte de espectadores externos, que chamam a todos enfermeiros; que há ambigüidade e discrepância nas expectativas quanto ao papel do enfermeiro; que o traço marcante do perfil profissional do enfermeiro é a gerência/administração sendo o que o distingue dos demais profissionais da equipe de saúde e na equipe de enfermagem, portanto, esta é a sua especificidade profissional. / This study examined professional nursing practice to identify its professional specificity. We analyzed twenty-nine theses and dissertations that investigated professional practice, roles and identities of nurses. 01 nutritionist, 02 psychologists, 03 nurses, 03 physiotherapists, 04 pharmacists, 10 dentists and 17 physicians were interviewed, totaling forty health professionals, thirty-nine of whom belonged to a Brazilian military organization, while one was a nursing professor. In the framework of the Theory of Roles, data were analyzed through Discourse Analysis. The results evidenced that: nursing practice is historically constructed for care, management and teaching; it is difficult for external observers to identify its agents, who are all called nurses; expectations about the role of nurses are marked by ambiguities and discrepancies. The main characteristic of nurses’ professional profile is management/administration, which sets them apart from other health and nursing professionals. Therefore, this is nurses’ professional specificity.

This study examines middle school students' perceptions of a future career in a science, math, engineering, or technology (STEM) career field. Gender, grade, predispositions to STEM contents, and learner dispositions are examined for changing perceptions and development in career-related choice behavior. Student perceptions as measured by validated measurement instruments are analyzed pre and post participation in a STEM intervention energy-monitoring program that was offered in several U.S. middle schools during the 2009-2010, 2010-2011 school years. A multiple linear regression (MLR) model, developed by incorporating predictors identified by an examination of the literature and a hypothesis-generating pilot study for prediction of STEM career interest, is introduced. Theories on the career choice development process from authors such as Ginzberg, Eccles, and Lent are examined as the basis for recognition of career concept development among students. Multiple linear regression statistics, correlation analysis, and analyses of means are used to examine student data from two separate program years. Study research questions focus on predictive ability, RSQ, of MLR models by gender/grade, and significance of model predictors in order to determine the most significant predictors of STEM career interest, and changes in students' perceptions pre and post program participation. Analysis revealed increases in the perceptions of a science career, decreases in perceptions of a STEM career, increase of the significance of science and mathematics to predictive models, and significant increases in students' perceptions of creative tendencies.

Esta tese relata e discute conclusões, métodos e processos usados para mostrar que tendências identificadas ao estudar relações estatísticas entre o número de passageiros transportados, distâncias entre cidades e número de habitantes, variáveis que podem contribuir para explicar o comportamento do volume de deslocamentos de habitantes do Brasil quando o meio de transporte for o ônibus interestadual. Foi montado um banco de dados adotado específico com dados publicados por órgãos públicos de governo do Brasil e colaboração de empresas públicas, privadas e entidades de classe. Os dados foram manuseados para se obter um conjunto contínuo de informação sobre o movimento de passageiros ao longo de 20 anos, entre 1980 e 2000. Foram estudados tendências e comportamento do próprio número de passageiros, distância média por viagem, número médio de viagens e distância viajada por habitante do Brasil. Concluiu-se que estimativas obtidas por análise de regressão linear geram séries de tendência crescente. Mas, estimativas obtidas por uso de séries temporais identificaram tendências para a estabilidade ou a redução dos valores estimados para as variáveis estudadas. / This thesis reports and discusses conclusions, methods and processes used to show that identified tendencies when studying statistical relationships among the number of transported passengers, distances between cities and number of inhabitants can contribute to explain the behavior of the volume of inhabitants from Brazil displacements when the means of transportation is the interstate bus. A database was set up adopted specific with data published by government's from Brazil and collaboration of public companies, private and class entities. The data were handled to obtain a continuous group of information on the passengers' movement along 20 years, between 1980 and 2000. Tendencies and behavior of the own number of passengers, medium distance for trip, medium number of trips and distance travels for inhabitant from Brazil were studied. The estimates obtained from linear regression analysis of generate series of growing tendency for the number of transported passengers. But, estimates obtained using temporal series identified tendencies for the stability or the reduction of the estimated values for the studied variables.

O Ipen/Cnen-SP possui um Reator de Pesquisa(IEA-R1) em operação desde 1957. Ele utiliza água leve como blindagem, moderador e como fluido refrigerante, o volume desta piscina é de 273m3. Até 1995 a operação do Reator era descontinua, ou seja, operava diariamente sendo desligado no final do dia, a uma potência de 2,0 MW. A partir daquele ano, após algumas modificações de segurança, o Reator passou a operar de forma continua, ou seja, de segunda-feira a quarta-feira sem ser desligado, totalizando 64 horas semanais. A potência também foi aumentando até 4,5 MW em 2012. Em virtude dessas alterações, a saber, operação contínua e do aumento da potência, as doses dos trabalhadores aumentaram e por isso foram realizados vários estudos para diminui-las. Estudos demonstraram que uma das principais limitações para operação de um reator em potência elevada, provém das radiações gama emitidas pelo sódio-24. Outros elementos como magnésio-27, Alumínio-28, Argônio-51, contribuem de forma considerável para a atividade da água da piscina. A introdução de uma camada de água quente em sua superfície, estável e isenta de elementos radioativos com 1,5m a 2m de espessura constituiria uma blindagem às radiações provenientes dos elementos radioativos dissolvidos na água. Estudos de otimização provaram que a instalação da camada quente não era necessária para o regime e potência atual de operação do Reator, pois outros procedimentos adotados eram mais eficazes. A partir desta decisão o serviço de Proteção Radiológica do Reator IEA-R1, montou um programa de avaliação das doses para certificar-se de que elas se mantinham em valores razoáveis baseados em princípios estabelecidos em normas nacionais e internacionais. O intuito deste trabalho é realizar uma análise das doses individuais dos IOE (Individuo Ocupacionalmente Expostos), considerando as mudanças no regime de operação do Reator e sugerir opções de proteção e segurança, viáveis em primeira instância, para reduzir as doses analisadas, visando se chegar aos níveis de referencia de 3 mSv/ano adotados pela instalação em apreço. / The IPEN / CNEN-SP have a Nuclear Research Reactor-NRR named IEA-R1, in operation from 1957. It is an open swimming pool reactor using light water as shielding, moderator and as cooling, the volume of this pool is 273m3.Until 1995 the reactor operated daily at a power of 2,0 MW. From June of that year, after a few safety modifications the reactor began operating in continuous way from Monday to Wednesday without shutdown totalizing 64 hours per week and the power was increased to 4,5MW also. Because of these changes, continuous operation and increased power, workers´ doses would tend to increase. In the past several studies were conducted seeking ways to reduce the workers´ doses. A study was made on the possibility to introduce a shielding at the top of the reactor core with a hot water layer. Studies have shown that a major limitation for operating a reactor at high power comes from the gamma radiation emitted by the sodium-24. Other elements such as magnesium-27, aluminum-28, Argon-51, contribute considerably to the water activity of the pool. The introduction of a hot water layer on the swimming pool would form a layer of surface, stable and free of radioactive elements with a 1.5m to 2m thickness creates a shielding to radiation from radioactive elements dissolved in water. Optimization studies proved that the installation of the hot layer was not necessary for the regime and the current power reactor operation, because other procedures adopted were more effective. From this decision the Radiological Protection Reactor Team, set up a dose assessment program to ensure them remained in low values based on principles established in national and international standards. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the individual doses of OEI (Occupationally Exposed Individual), which will be checked increasing doses resulting from recent changes in reactor operation regime and suggested viable safety and protection options, in the first instance to reducing the doses in question aimed at the goal of reaching acceptable doses belonging to the reference level of 3 mSv/y taken by the reactor facility.

Esta tese relata e discute conclusões, métodos e processos usados para mostrar que tendências identificadas ao estudar relações estatísticas entre o número de passageiros transportados, distâncias entre cidades e número de habitantes, variáveis que podem contribuir para explicar o comportamento do volume de deslocamentos de habitantes do Brasil quando o meio de transporte for o ônibus interestadual. Foi montado um banco de dados adotado específico com dados publicados por órgãos públicos de governo do Brasil e colaboração de empresas públicas, privadas e entidades de classe. Os dados foram manuseados para se obter um conjunto contínuo de informação sobre o movimento de passageiros ao longo de 20 anos, entre 1980 e 2000. Foram estudados tendências e comportamento do próprio número de passageiros, distância média por viagem, número médio de viagens e distância viajada por habitante do Brasil. Concluiu-se que estimativas obtidas por análise de regressão linear geram séries de tendência crescente. Mas, estimativas obtidas por uso de séries temporais identificaram tendências para a estabilidade ou a redução dos valores estimados para as variáveis estudadas. / This thesis reports and discusses conclusions, methods and processes used to show that identified tendencies when studying statistical relationships among the number of transported passengers, distances between cities and number of inhabitants can contribute to explain the behavior of the volume of inhabitants from Brazil displacements when the means of transportation is the interstate bus. A database was set up adopted specific with data published by government's from Brazil and collaboration of public companies, private and class entities. The data were handled to obtain a continuous group of information on the passengers' movement along 20 years, between 1980 and 2000. Tendencies and behavior of the own number of passengers, medium distance for trip, medium number of trips and distance travels for inhabitant from Brazil were studied. The estimates obtained from linear regression analysis of generate series of growing tendency for the number of transported passengers. But, estimates obtained using temporal series identified tendencies for the stability or the reduction of the estimated values for the studied variables.

Thesis (MBA.) -- University of Limpopo, 2018 / Entrepreneurship has become an important issue both locally and internationally in recent years due to its contribution to job creation and economic development. The decision to be entrepreneurial is determined by certain factors, as well as individual traits, and it is a planned behaviour that is not engaged in accidentally. Thus, underlying factors that enhance students’ intention towards entrepreneurship as a career option are vital. However, it is not known if the students have the knowledge of the various support measures available to assist them in starting their own businesses and to support existing ventures. This study wanted to find out if students studying entrepreneurship have any intention of starting their own business ventures and whether they have any knowledge of the support programmes at their disposal. Students studying entrepreneurship as one of their modules at the National Certificate Vocational (NCV) level at Capricorn College for TVET constituted the targeted population for the study. Self-administered questionnaires were given to a total of 170 participants and all of them responded. The results mainly indicated that the students do have the intention of starting their own businesses after completion of their course and that their knowledge of the different entrepreneurship support incentives is not adequate. The study recommends that a more concerted effort be made to make students more aware of engaging in entrepreneurial ventures as a career option and making them aware of the support options that are available to them should they need to start their own businesses. In addition, these support initiatives should publicise their services more, especially to the rural communities.