No description available.

The subject of collocability has been a common concern among linguists, lexicographers, and language pedagogues recently. They find the linguistic aspect of collocation interesting, because words due not exist in isolation from other words in a language. They exist with other words. In every language, the vocabulary consists of single words and multi-word expressions. Collocations are among those multi-word expressions. The aim of this thesis is to characterize collocations in the Arabic language, to devise a classification of the semantic and the distributional patterns of collocations in the Arabic language and to examine the problems encountered in translating English collocations into Arabic. This will require an analysis of the collocational patterns in both English and Arabic, a classification of the translation outcomes, and therefore, types of errors adopted by translators, an indication of how frequent and significant each error is, and an analysis of the causes of each error. / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

The subject of collocability has been a common concern among linguists, lexicographers, and language pedagogues recently. They find the linguistic aspect of collocation interesting, because words due not exist in isolation from other words in a language. They exist with other words. In every language, the vocabulary consists of single words and multi-word expressions. Collocations are among those multi-word expressions. The aim of this thesis is to characterize collocations in the Arabic language, to devise a classification of the semantic and the distributional patterns of collocations in the Arabic language and to examine the problems encountered in translating English collocations into Arabic. This will require an analysis of the collocational patterns in both English and Arabic, a classification of the translation outcomes, and therefore, types of errors adopted by translators, an indication of how frequent and significant each error is, and an analysis of the causes of each error. / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

This thesis has aimed to set out the classification and word production of foreign-inspired Chinese terms (FICT) within the language system of modern Chinese. FICT refers to a group of vocabulary items in Chinese as a recipient language, where formation is motivated by foreign entities or concepts and designated by some foreign words, but no established foreign elements are in fact transferred from the donor language. The thesis establishes a group of terms identified as a particular category of Chinese borrowings according to the motivation of word production, concerning human bodily perception and cognition experience of foreign entities or concepts. Chinese borrowing is categorized as four types: phonic loans, semantic loans, loan blends and FICT, based on the motivation of sound, form and meaning of foreign words, and sensory perception and cognition of foreign entities and concepts. Cognitive semantics, adopted as an approach in the thesis, is a study of mind and its relationship with embodied experience and culture. Employing language as a key methodological tool for uncovering conceptual organization and structure, this study explores the methods of FICT word production, such as sensory perceptual and metaphorical production in terms of principles of cognitive semantics within the Chinese language system. The various types of Chinese borrowings are analysed in terms of the theory of categorization, and FICT in particular are examined under the semantic model proposed here. It is hoped that the thesis is able to open a new approach to the investigation of Chinese loan words and the process of FICT word production within cognitive semantics. / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

Thesis (Ph. D.)--State University of New York at Binghamton, Department of Comparative Literature, Translation Studies, 2009. / Includes bibliographical references.

published_or_final_version / Linguistics / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy

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Lin Ming Sum. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves i-xi). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Acknowledgements / Abstract / 摘要 / Table of Content / List of tables / List of figures / Units of measurement / Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- What are formulaic sequences? --- p.2 / Chapter 1.2 --- Importance of researching on formulaic sequences --- p.4 / Chapter 1.2.1 --- Wray's works --- p.6 / Chapter 1.2.2 --- Distinction between native and normative speakers --- p.9 / Chapter 1.2.3 --- Building blocks of language --- p.10 / Chapter 1.2.4 --- Processing Unit --- p.11 / Chapter 1.2.5 --- A pragmatic phenomenon in social interactions --- p.13 / Chapter 1.3 --- Rationale --- p.17 / Chapter 1.4 --- Objectives --- p.19 / Chapter Chapter 2 --- Literature Review --- p.20 / Chapter 2.1 --- Defining formulaic sequences --- p.20 / Chapter 2.2 --- The development of research on formulaic sequences --- p.26 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Context of formulaic sequences research --- p.26 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Milestone works on formulaic language --- p.29 / Chapter 2.2.2.1 --- The first phase --- p.30 / Chapter 2.2.2.2 --- The second phase --- p.33 / Chapter 2.2.2.3 --- The third phase --- p.35 / Chapter 2.2.3 --- Questions and problems surrounding the field --- p.38 / Chapter 2.3 --- Relationship between fluency and the use of formulaic sequences --- p.44 / Chapter 2.4 --- Methods of identification of formulaic sequences --- p.50 / Chapter 2.4.1 --- The criteria listed by other researchers --- p.50 / Chapter 2.4.2 --- Intuition --- p.58 / Chapter 2.4.3 --- Case studies --- p.60 / Chapter 2.4.4 --- Corpus tools --- p.62 / Chapter 2.4.5 --- Phonological features --- p.65 / Chapter 2.4.6 --- Other methodologies --- p.67 / Chapter Chapter 3 --- Methodology --- p.72 / Chapter 3.1 --- Research questions --- p.72 / Chapter 3.1 --- The tasks --- p.73 / Chapter 3.2 --- The subjects --- p.74 / Chapter 3.3 --- Data collection --- p.75 / Chapter Chapter 4 --- Data analysis --- p.77 / Chapter Chapter 5 --- Findings --- p.80 / Chapter 5.1 --- Use of formulaic sequences by native and normative speakers --- p.80 / Chapter 5.2 --- Interaction between NS/NNS factor and task type --- p.81 / Chapter 5.3 --- Analysis of individual performance --- p.82 / Chapter 5.4 --- Fluency and the use of formulaic language --- p.85 / Chapter 5.5 --- Time on task and the use of formulaic language --- p.87 / Chapter 5.6 --- Use of formulaic language and mean length of each turn --- p.89 / Chapter 5.7 --- Articulation rate of formulaic sequences --- p.90 / Chapter 5.8 --- Summary of findings --- p.91 / Chapter Chapter 6 --- Discussion --- p.93 / Chapter 6.1 --- Use of formulaic language by native and normative speakers --- p.93 / Chapter 6.2 --- Interaction between NS/NNS factor and task type --- p.97 / Chapter 6.3 --- The use of formulaic language and fluency --- p.97 / Chapter 6.4 --- Time on task and the use of formulaic language --- p.99 / Chapter 6.5 --- Length of each turn and the use of formulaic language --- p.103 / Chapter 6.6 --- Rate analysis --- p.105 / Chapter 6.7 --- Summary of the discussion --- p.106 / Chapter Chapter 7 --- Limitations --- p.107 / Chapter Chapter 8 --- Implications of this study --- p.110 / Chapter 8.1 --- Implications for research --- p.110 / Chapter 8.2 --- Implications for pedagogy --- p.111 / Chapter Chapter 9 --- Directions for future research --- p.116 / Chapter Chapter 10 --- Conclusion --- p.119 / Bibliography --- p.i / Appendices --- p.xii / Instructions for the Picture Story Telling --- p.xii / Picture series 1: Picnic --- p.xiii / Picture series 2: Football --- p.xiv / Instructions for the Problem-solving task --- p.xv / Problem-solving task: The Problem Page --- p.xvi

曾綺雲. / "2005年10月" / 論文(哲學碩士)--香港中文大學, 2005. / 參考文獻(leaves 143-148). / "2005 nian 10 yue" / Abstracts also in English. / Zeng Qiyun. / Lun wen (zhe xue shuo shi)--Xianggang Zhong wen da xue, 2005. / Can kao wen xian (leaves 143-148). / Chapter 第一章 --- 引言 --- p.1 / Chapter 第二章 --- 硏究方法 --- p.4 / Chapter 第三章 --- 《唯一趣報有所謂》簡介 --- p.21 / Chapter 3.1 --- 《唯一趣報有所謂》的創辦人 --- p.23 / Chapter 3.2 --- 《唯一趣報有所謂》的特色 --- p.24 / Chapter 3.3 --- 《唯一趣報有所謂》的版面分佈 --- p.25 / Chapter 第四章 --- 《唯一趣報有所謂》的二十世紀初香港粤語詞匯 --- p.28 / Chapter 4.1 --- 已消失的詞語 --- p.29 / Chapter 4.1.1 --- 定義 --- p.30 / Chapter 4.1.2 --- 與商業活動有關的詞語 --- p.30 / Chapter 4.1.3 --- 與交通工具有關的詞語 --- p.33 / Chapter 4.1.4 --- 與妓女行業有關的詞語 --- p.35 / Chapter 4.1.5 --- 與賭博有關的詞語 --- p.39 / Chapter 4.1.6 --- 人物稱呼 --- p.43 / Chapter 4.2 --- 舊式的方言詞 --- p.45 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- 定義 --- p.46 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- 趨向消失的方言詞 --- p.46 / Chapter 4.2.3 --- 漸被取代的方言詞 --- p.48 / Chapter 4.3 --- 仍然活躍的方言詞 --- p.53 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- 定義 --- p.54 / Chapter 4.3.2 --- 詞義沒有大變化的粤方言詞 --- p.54 / Chapter 4.3.2.1 --- 名詞 --- p.55 / Chapter 4.3.2.2 --- 動言司 --- p.59 / Chapter 4.3.2.3 --- 形容詞 --- p.66 / Chapter 4.3.2.4 --- 代詞 --- p.68 / Chapter 4.3.2.5 --- 副詞 --- p.73 / Chapter 4.3.2.6 --- 介詞 --- p.81 / Chapter 4.3.2.7 --- 連詞 --- p.85 / Chapter 4.3.2.8 --- 嘆詞 --- p.87 / Chapter 4.3.2.9 --- 語氣詞 --- p.88 / Chapter 4.3.3 --- 詞義有所轉化的粤方言詞 --- p.90 / Chapter 4.4 --- 小結 --- p.100 / Chapter 第五章 --- 《唯一趣報有所謂》書寫方言詞的形式 --- p.102 / Chapter 5.1 --- 借用 --- p.103 / Chapter 5.2 --- 註音 --- p.113 / Chapter 5.3 --- 註聲調 --- p.116 / Chapter 5.4 --- 註平仄 --- p.119 / Chapter 5.5 --- 註釋 --- p.121 / Chapter 5.6 --- 小結 --- p.122 / Chapter 第六章 --- 《唯一趣報有所謂》反映的語言現象 --- p.126 / Chapter 6.1 --- 詞語字數減少 --- p.126 / Chapter 6.2 --- 不同寫法合倂 --- p.129 / Chapter 6.3 --- 用字筆劃簡化 --- p.133 / Chapter 6.4 --- 與字音演變有關 --- p.135 / Chapter 6.5 --- 小結 --- p.138 / Chapter 第七章 --- 結語 --- p.140 / 參考書目 --- p.143 / 附錄 --- p.149