Este trabalho buscou investigar os principais determinantes da produtividade. Para tanto, o trabalho construiu medidas da Produtividade Total dos Fatores (PTF) e analisou o impacto do Global Competitiveness Index (GCI), de seus subíndices e dos 12 pilares de competitividade que compõem esses subíndices, sobre a PTF. Os principais resultados encontrados são: a heterogeneidade não observada dos países é correlacionada com os regressores, causando estimativas inconsistentes caso não seja tratada; as variáveis apresentaram endogeneidade nos modelos, a qual também deve ser levada em consideração nas estimações; a produtividade passada se mostrou relevante para explicar seu comportamento futuro; os pilares \"ambiente macroeconômico\", \"saúde e ensino básico\" e \"desenvolvimento do mercado financeiro\" afetam positivamente a PTF; já a \"capacidade de absorção tecnológica\" apresentou efeito líquido negativo sobre a PTF, ao contrário do que era esperado; os subíndices apresentaram poucos resultados estatisticamente significantes e em linha com o esperado; e, por último, a análise do índice GCI revelou que um aumento em uma unidade desse indicador, em uma escala de 1 a 7, está relacionado a um crescimento líquido de 21% na produtividade / This study aimed to investigate the main determinants of productivity. Therefore, the work built measures of Total Factor Productivity (TFP) and analyzed the impact of the Global Competitiveness Index (GCI), its subindexes and the 12 pillars of competitiveness that make up these subindexes on the PTF. The main results are: the unobserved heterogeneity of countries is related to the covariates, causing inconsistent estimates if not treated; the variables presented endogeneity in the models, which should also be taken into account in the estimation; productivity lags proved relevant to explain their future behavior; the pillars \"macroeconomic environment\", \"health and basic education\" and \"financial market development\" positively affect the TFP; on the other hand, \"technological readiness\" had a negative net effect on TFP, contrary to what was expected; the subindexes showed few statistically significant results and in line with what was expected; and finally, the analysis of the GCI index revealed that an increase in one unit of this indicator, on a 1 to 7 scale, is related to a net increase of 21% in productivity

This thesis analyses the effect of FDI induced technology transfer and spillover on economic growth in the CEE countries and the Baltic States. We develop a framework were FDI and R&D are seen as sources of technological progress (A). Transition economies, due to the need to catch up quickly with more advanced economies, rely on FDI as a major channel through which they can tap the needed technology. Whether or not technology spills over to the entire economy depends on the ability of the countries to diffuse the advanced technology transferred by FDI. We test using panel data analysis, if FDI alone can spur growth or whether the FDI induced technology spillover effect is enhanced by the level of R&D. Empirical evidence is found that FDI and R&D as an interaction term have helped the CEE countries and the Baltic States to accelerate growth by modernizing the economy through an upgrading process.

No description available.

Any one organization or agency, whether for-profit or non-profit organizations that are seeking to enhance their efficiency, improve production technology, thereby achieving the goal of improving productivity, with a view to the current competitive environment. Efficiency measurement is very important, it can help decision makers understand whether the organization achieve technology progress and innovation objectives. In recent years, the government and civil organizations devote themselves to measure the change of organizational efficiency and productivity. Academia constantly research and develop various models of efficiency and productivity analysis, and application to actual cases analysis. Efficiency and productivity analysis has leapt to the mainstream of production economic studies. This empirical study adopts the census data of the classification of the Chamber of Commerce and industry of manufacturing in Taiwan, using two-stage approach to explore dynamic agglomeration externalities of 2-digit manufacturing. In the first stage, we apply dynamic network data envelopment analysis and Malmquist productivity index to calculate static efficiency and dynamic efficiency of 2-digit manufacturing. In the second stage, we apply Tobit regression analysis to verify a manufacturing geographical concentration effects on productive efficiency. We also adopt two-stage least squares methods (2SLS) to validate dynamic agglomeration externalities effects of manufacturing. Based on the results of this empical study, we propose some specific practical policy alternatives and management strategies. In the last 20 years, the strctures of Taiwan manufacturing industries have significant changes, the livelihood industry and of the sharp decline in industry, the chemical industry, electronics industry, metal machinery industry is growing fast. There is an obvous agglomeration tendency toward northern Taiwan region. In static efficiency, labour-intensive manufacturing industries tend to be diminishing return to scale rendering, while knowledge-intensive industries are rendering the increasing trend. The scale efficiency of eastern region manufacturing is very low, resulting in their productive efficiency significantly lower than the northern, central, southern regional manufacturing. In dynamic efficiency, the total factor productivity (TFP) of Taiwan manufacturing industries are rendering the growth trend, achieving the goal of innovation effect. However, the technical efficiency of manufacturing are rendering decline trend. This study found that the most important impact factor on production efficiency is the internal economies of scale. Localization economies, urbanization economies, and other static agglomeration economies external effect gradually reduce. Moreover, this study also found that Taiwan manufacturing industries have notable MAR professional dynamic external economics and notable Porter regional competitive dynamic external economic effect. Besides, Taiwan manufacturing industries has noticeable human resource dynamic external economics, but we also found low wages is beneficial to regional economic growth. We should not expand to explain Taiwan manufacturing-sweatshops. This phenomenon may be caused by high salaries, high rents, high land costs and high labor costs, these factors offset the interest of agglomeration economies. Finally, Taiwan and mainland China signed a cross-strait economic cooperation framework agreement (ECFA) in Chongqing on 29 June 2010. Taiwan manufacturing inevitably be impacted and influenced by ECFA. This is an important topic worthy of further study and discussion in the future.

<p>This thesis analyses the effect of FDI induced technology transfer and spillover on economic growth in the CEE countries and the Baltic States. We develop a framework were FDI and R&D are seen as sources of technological progress (A). Transition economies, due to the need to catch up quickly with more advanced economies, rely on FDI as a major channel through which they can tap the needed technology.</p><p>Whether or not technology spills over to the entire economy depends on the ability of the countries to diffuse the advanced technology transferred by FDI. We test using panel data analysis, if FDI alone can spur growth or whether the FDI induced technology spillover effect is enhanced by the level of R&D.</p><p>Empirical evidence is found that FDI and R&D as an interaction term have helped the CEE countries and the Baltic States to accelerate growth by modernizing the economy through an upgrading process.</p>

abstract: I study the importance of financial factors and real exchange rate shocks in explaining business cycle fluctuations, which have been considered important in the literature as non-technological factors in explaining business cycle fluctuations. In the first chapter, I study the implications of fluctuations in corporate credit spreads for business cycle fluctuations. Motivated by the fact that corporate credit spreads are countercyclical, I build a simple model in which difference in default probabilities on corporate debts leads to the spread in interest rates paid by firms. In the model, firms differ in the variance of the firm-level productivity, which is in turn linked to the difference in the default probability. The key mechanism is that an increase in the variance of productivity for risky firms relative to safe firms leads to reallocation of capital away from risky firms toward safe firms and decrease in aggregate output and productivity. I embed the above mechanism into an otherwise standard growth model, calibrate it and numerically solve for the equilibrium. In my benchmark case, I find that shocks to variance of productivity for risky and safe firms account for about 66% of fluctuations in output and TFP in the U.S. economy. In the second chapter, I study the importance of shocks to the price of imports relative to the price of final goods, led by the real exchange rate shocks, in accounting for fluctuations in output and TFP in the Korean economy during the Asian crisis of 1997-98. Using the Korean data, I calibrate a standard small open economy model with taxes and tariffs on imported goods, and simulate it. I find that shocks to the price of imports are an important source of fluctuations in Korea's output and TFP in the Korean crisis episode. In particular, in my benchmark case, shocks to the price of imports account for about 55% of the output deviation (from trend), one third of the TFP deviation and three quarters of the labor deviation in 1998. / Dissertation/Thesis / Ph.D. Economics 2011

Submitted by Daniella Santos (daniella.santos@fgv.br) on 2008-11-18T13:48:49Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Lucas Schuabb - Final.pdf: 1334660 bytes, checksum: 19b73a9b059e1868ebf2573cd80bbed6 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Antoanne Pontes(antoanne.pontes@fgv.br) on 2008-11-18T13:57:09Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Lucas Schuabb - Final.pdf: 1334660 bytes, checksum: 19b73a9b059e1868ebf2573cd80bbed6 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2008-11-18T13:57:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Lucas Schuabb - Final.pdf: 1334660 bytes, checksum: 19b73a9b059e1868ebf2573cd80bbed6 (MD5) / Neste artigo é desenvolvido um modelo de equilíbrio das firmas a dois setores, mineral e não mineral, que possibilita a construção da trajetória da produtividade total dos fatores setorial. A partir dessa modelagem, o estudo tem dois objetivos: Primeiro, testar a influência da dotação de recursos minerais no desempenho macroeconômico dos países, via PTF. Segundo, testar a dinâmica macroeconômica, PTF, PIB e inflação, gerada por um choque no preço das commodities minerais. Os resultados sugerem a presença da doença holandesa, países com grande dotação de recurso mineral têm um pior desempenho econômico, e que um choque no preço das commodities minerais leva a um aumento da taxa de crescimento do PIB, no curto prazo, e a elevação da inflação mais adiante, em países ricos nesse recurso.

Submitted by Ana Luiza Perdigão Valadares Dutra (anapvdutra@gmail.com) on 2016-05-23T23:28:37Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Biblioteca.pdf: 599800 bytes, checksum: 09a9defff0536b97a30f5ad0efd728de (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by GILSON ROCHA MIRANDA (gilson.miranda@fgv.br) on 2016-05-25T14:03:46Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Biblioteca.pdf: 599800 bytes, checksum: 09a9defff0536b97a30f5ad0efd728de (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marcia Bacha (marcia.bacha@fgv.br) on 2016-06-13T12:28:47Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Biblioteca.pdf: 599800 bytes, checksum: 09a9defff0536b97a30f5ad0efd728de (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-13T12:29:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Biblioteca.pdf: 599800 bytes, checksum: 09a9defff0536b97a30f5ad0efd728de (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-23 / The purpose of this work is to study the role for government in mitigating capital misallocation. We develop an entrepreneurship model in which heterogeneous producers face collateral constraints on production, but can hedge idiosyncratic shocks. Hedging works as a tool for reallocating resources to states in which they are more productively deployed, and can alleviate the effect of the financial frictions and be a counteracting force to capital misallocation. Government incentives to hedging improve workers’ welfare in steady state through an increase in TFP and wages. The intervention leads to a reduction in the rate of return of entrepreneurs and an increase in wealth dispersion. These two effects cause entrepreneurial welfare to decrease.

Este trabalho buscou investigar os principais determinantes da produtividade. Para tanto, o trabalho construiu medidas da Produtividade Total dos Fatores (PTF) e analisou o impacto do Global Competitiveness Index (GCI), de seus subíndices e dos 12 pilares de competitividade que compõem esses subíndices, sobre a PTF. Os principais resultados encontrados são: a heterogeneidade não observada dos países é correlacionada com os regressores, causando estimativas inconsistentes caso não seja tratada; as variáveis apresentaram endogeneidade nos modelos, a qual também deve ser levada em consideração nas estimações; a produtividade passada se mostrou relevante para explicar seu comportamento futuro; os pilares \"ambiente macroeconômico\", \"saúde e ensino básico\" e \"desenvolvimento do mercado financeiro\" afetam positivamente a PTF; já a \"capacidade de absorção tecnológica\" apresentou efeito líquido negativo sobre a PTF, ao contrário do que era esperado; os subíndices apresentaram poucos resultados estatisticamente significantes e em linha com o esperado; e, por último, a análise do índice GCI revelou que um aumento em uma unidade desse indicador, em uma escala de 1 a 7, está relacionado a um crescimento líquido de 21% na produtividade / This study aimed to investigate the main determinants of productivity. Therefore, the work built measures of Total Factor Productivity (TFP) and analyzed the impact of the Global Competitiveness Index (GCI), its subindexes and the 12 pillars of competitiveness that make up these subindexes on the PTF. The main results are: the unobserved heterogeneity of countries is related to the covariates, causing inconsistent estimates if not treated; the variables presented endogeneity in the models, which should also be taken into account in the estimation; productivity lags proved relevant to explain their future behavior; the pillars \"macroeconomic environment\", \"health and basic education\" and \"financial market development\" positively affect the TFP; on the other hand, \"technological readiness\" had a negative net effect on TFP, contrary to what was expected; the subindexes showed few statistically significant results and in line with what was expected; and finally, the analysis of the GCI index revealed that an increase in one unit of this indicator, on a 1 to 7 scale, is related to a net increase of 21% in productivity

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-12T18:36:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 arquivo855_1.pdf: 5214568 bytes, checksum: c0108d72793a54463bb0eba26f7b8ee4 (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / A presente dissertação tem como foco a análise das origens ideológico-institucionais, das doutrinas e das práticas da Sociedade Brasileira de Defesa da Tradição, Família e Propriedade (TFP), fundada em 1960 na cidade de São Paulo, na forma de uma associação privada civil de católicos, e registrada sob a direção de Plínio Corrêa de Oliveira (1908-1995). A TFP chegou a alcançar vinte e seis países, em cinco continentes. Nossa pesquisa contemplou temporalmente a década de sessenta do século XX, período de maior força da entidade. Pesquisamos o discurso em prol da ordem social cristã, bem como as práticas desse grupo, que promoveu: campanhas de rua, manifestos e artigos largamente reproduzidos na imprensa nacional. A principal preocupação dessa sociedade era o combate ao comunismo e à infiltração deste nos meios sociais, políticos e religiosos. Avaliamos o paulatino afastamento da TFP em relação à hierarquia católica brasileira, o acirramento das relações da sociedade com a Igreja Católica no Brasil e como, no interior do grupo, a figura do fundador passou de líder para profeta do reino de Maria na terra