The research was conducted by stratified random sampling. A structural questionnaire on the basis of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) is designed as study instrument for data collection in this research aimed to study the influential factors on the lifelong learning (LLL) behavioral intention of nursing staff and the satisfaction with LLL passport. Seven hundreds and fifty questionnaires were distributed and 451 copies returned, which made up 60.13% of returning rate. Among the returned questionnaires, 433 were effective samples and returning rate of returning samples was 57.73%. Collected data were computed by SPSS/PC10.0. Computing results shown that average age of subjects was 30.7 and average working seniority of them was 9 years. Research results indicated that there was a positive attitude (with 70.44% of support) towards LLL behavioral intention and 65.75% of overall satisfaction of the implementation of LLL passport. Results also found that, among all of the factors, the participants¡¦ age, working seniority, number of children, job position, educational background, attitude towards LLL, perceived behavioral control, and subjective norm of environmental support including support from administrators, overcoming obstacles from family, support from colleagues and families, and backup from working shift table and manpower positively correlated with their LLL behavioral intention(p<.01). Nevertheless, attribute of working unit was found to have negative correlation with LLL behavioral intention(p<.01). While participants¡¦ job position, educational background, attitude towards LLL, perceived behavioral control, and subjective norm of environmental support consisting of support from nursing unit and administrators, overcoming obstacles from family, and support from colleagues and families indicated positive correlations with satisfaction with LLL passport(p<.01), attribute of working unit revealed negative correlation(p<.01). The above results have verified and echoed Ajzen¡¦s (1985) Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). The theory was to evaluate one¡¦s behavioral intention based on one¡¦s attitude, perceived behavioral control, and subjective norm. In this study, the perceived behavioral control has the highest influence (84.19%). In addition, there was a positive correlation between nursing staff¡¦s LLL behavioral intention and their satisfaction with LLL passport. Furthermore, by using regression analysis, the results shown that factors such as ¡§support from colleagues and families¡¨, ¡§support from nursing unit and administrators¡¨, and ¡§backup from working shift table and manpower¡¨ could be used as predictors to LLL internal behavioral intention and satisfaction with LLL passport. The overall prediction variance of these three factors reached 34% and ¡§support from colleagues and families¡¨ was the highest (29.5%) among all. In conclusion, except factor of personal characteristics, if working shift and manpower factors could be overcome when nursing staffs are participating in LLL activities, and meanwhile with support of colleagues, families, and administrators, the LLL behavioral intention and satisfaction with LLL passport could be enhanced. The researcher suggested that the results of this study could be used by pertinent units and nursing administrators to build a sound human resources system, establish a learning organization, propel incessant professional development, and help promote nursing staff¡¦s professional accomplishments and competition.

Online shopping involves more uncertainty and risk than traditional shopping. These phenomena are even obvious in online group-buying. One of the main factors causing the uncertainty and risk is the role of the initiator. Since it is quite often that the initiators themselves are consumers, the initiators are not as huge and professional as the sellers. Clearly the trust in initiator becomes a major concern when joining the online group-buying. Based on the theory of planned behavior, the purpose of this research is to understand how initiator¡¦s reputation, interactions with initiator, consumers¡¦ perceived risk and personal characteristics impact consumers¡¦ trust in the initiators and then how the consumers¡¦ perceived trust in the initiators, subjective norm and familiarity with online group-buying together impact the consumers¡¦ behavior in group-buying. The study result indicates that the perceived initiator¡¦s reputation, interaction with initiator, perceived risks in online group-buying, and subjective norm impact the trust in initiator. Moreover, based on TPB, the trust has significant effects on consumer¡¦s intention to join online group-buying. Subjective norm has impacted the consumer¡¦s intention to join online group-buying not only directly but also through the trust in initiator indirectly. However, the familiarity with online group-buying has no significant effects on consumer¡¦s intention to join online group-buying.

The transition of working patterns has led the work force today focus more on brain than labor, hence strengthen the desire for leisure. The relationship between leisure and work nowadays has different meaning. Besides of traditional concepts such as good for health or the release of work pressure, leisure is further considered to be a new goal to enhance job involvement. Factors of social capital such as trust and network are the significant elements of human interaction, which can not only create self-welfare but also bring better achievement on work. To work force with different degree of social capital, it is believed that different level of involvement to work would generate. From the start point of leisure instead of traditional point that focuses on work, the research combines and integrates perspectives of outdoor recreation, job involvement and social capital from different regions, exploring the relationship between leisure and work. Analyzed with SEM, questionnaire survey is adopted aiming at Kaohsiung Government¡¦s Officials. The research objects are divided into two groups with different degree of social capital, conducting the model construction and differentiation test separately. The research structure includes 9 variables: ¡§job involvement¡¨; ¡§net¡¨ and ¡§trust¡¨ in social capital; ¡§attitude¡¨, ¡§subjective norm¡¨, ¡§perceived behavioral control¡¨, ¡§self-efficacy¡¨, ¡§behavioral intention¡¨ and ¡§behavioral frequency¡¨ in Theory of Planned Behavior of outdoor recreation. The results of the research have verified 11 hypotheses, among which 7 have been significant in both two high and low groups. The significance of the above-mentioned results is the following: (1) interpersonal ¡§network¡¨ increases interpersonal ¡§trust¡¨; (2) interpersonal ¡§network¡¨ increases the degree of ¡§job involvement¡¨; (3) after officials reflect on the ¡§subjective norm¡¨, the ¡§behavioral intention¡¨ of outdoor recreation is remarkably promoted; (4) officials¡¦ ¡§attitude¡¨ increases the ¡§behavioral intention¡¨ of outdoor recreation; (5) the ¡§perceived behavioral control¡¨ of the resources and opportunities needed for officials to consider undertaking behavior outstandingly influence the ¡§behavioral intention¡¨ of outdoor recreation; (6) ¡§subjective norm¡¨ increases the brief of ¡§attitude¡¨ of outdoor recreation; (7) officials¡¦ ¡§self-efficacy¡¨ reflect on the ¡§perceived behavioral control¡¨ of the resources and opportunities in outdoor recreation. In high social capital group, officials¡¦ cognition of ¡§behavioral intention¡¨ of outdoor recreation reflects on the degree of ¡§job involvement¡¨. In low social capital group, after officials reflect on the ¡§perceived behavioral control¡¨ of the resources and opportunities in outdoor recreation, the brief of ¡§attitude¡¨ is increased.

The mobile operators face the problem that the users how to transfer from 2G to 3G as well as telecommunication policy has been opened by government¡F mobile number protablility¡Bthe new 3G competitor¡¦s entry as to result in unexpected revenue in Taiwan. However, the new 3G competitor¡As entry with the great impact on TWM, then the actual utility is lower of TWM. The study is exploring for ¡yThe effect on subscribers diffusion 3G mobile optrator dynamic decision effect on¡z, because the property of problem is high order¡Bnonlinear¡Btime delay, the traditional approach lacking of quantifying basis such as Case Study which cannot simulate the consequence of feasible policy. It cannot estimate what becomes of the solution, thus apt to making wrong decision. Others mathematics approachs cannot explain the dynamic essence of the practical problem. All these approaches are linear and static as linear programing¡BQueuing Theory¡B Monte Carlo Simulation that cannot solve the high order¡Bdynamic problem. These approaches are no usefulness in solving practical management problem. However, System Dynamics is able to solve the dynamic complexity problem that trough the steps of problem description¡B boundary definition¡Bsystem model constructing¡B model testing and simulation to understand the structure and behavior of problem, moreover, to do policy design and evaluation. This study is as system dynamics approach on the foundation of BASS diffusion model and constructing model upon the 3G adoption critical factor in the viewpoint of Theory of Planed Behavior. The objective of study is to construct the diffusion model of TWM subscribers upon system dynamics, then to seek the leading loop and high leverage of behavior through scenario analysis for consultation in policy design. The conclusion of study as following¡]1¡^if the operators take high allowance of GSM handset bundling contract sales, will trun up¡yThe self-limit to growing¡z. When the price competition between operators in the market, the policy will cause that TWM 3G actual subscribers are lower. The best revenue policy is to shorten GSM contract duration by handset price or ceasing GSM bundling contract sales schedule to be advanced.¡]2¡^If all the operators do not do the competition in price aggressively in oligopoly, the relationship between competitors will result in¡yThe rich more rich and the poor more poor¡z. The best revenue policy for operator is the tariff shall be divided into different stages to co-operate with network load and to acquire high data usage subscribers for the goal. It shall reduce the threshold of customer entry for the sake of increasing subscribers in the middle stage. There is an obvious discrenpancy between the best policy in simulation and operator taking. ¡]3¡^If the operators attempt to shorten the timetable of subscribers from GSM transfer to 3G as to shorten GSM contract duration, the network constructing policy should do dynamic policy co-operation with the leading indicator of subscribers diffusion. The scenario simulation upon system dynamics that the counter-intuitive phenomenon often contrasts to the operator¡¦s preconception, avoiding to the confined thinking in policy design.

Public services in Taiwan have experienced redundancies, cost cutting, closure of operations, and challenges to the quality of their services to diverse populations. Among the tasks of electronic government, electronic commerce, a mechanism of buying and selling goods and services, and transferring funds through digital communications, is the most visible trend of the information technology related changes over the last few years. Accordingly, the electronic government procurement system, an internet-based service for electronic government purchasing and information sharing, has been developed and provided to the public since 2000. Ideally, with the help of Electronic Tendering System, a subsystem of the electronic government procurement systems, tremendous paper work will no longer be necessary for companies doing business with government, and the administrative efficiency will be improved significantly. In addition, under the design of online biding procedure, the chance of procurement fraud may be limited as well. The purposes of this paper are as follows: 1. Discuss the ongoing promoting programs of electronic government procurement internationally. 2. Analyze the key factors of the establishment and implementation of the Electronic Tendering System locally. 3. Propose strategies for the implementation of the electronic government procurement system. In this paper, we discuss the essence of electronic commerce and introduce the international opportune movement for government departments to reinvent their organizations by implementing electronic procurement systems. In particular, we examine the antecedents of the technology usage in the context of an integrated model. Answering what the key factors of the successful information systems are is crucial to the development an effective electronic government procurement system program.

During the process of community empowerment, resident participation has always played a significant role. Issues such as how to enhance residents¡¦ intention to get involved in community activities are consistently taken into discussion. Previous studies have revealed that community participation can be carried out by the integration of community awareness. However, most of these studies were generally focused on the exploration of inducement and strategy, rarely examining from the perspective of psychological decision-making factors such as behavior model, changing factors and efficacy. Therefore, the purpose of the study is: first, to understand the relationship between Sense of Community and Social Capital; second, to testify the influence of Sense of Community on Collective Efficacy and Self-efficacy; third, to explore the impact of Social Capital on the perspective of Theory of Planned Behavior; finally, to combine the related perspectives from Sense of Community, Social Capital, Social Cognition and Theory of Planned Behavior to develop residents community participation behavior model. The research variables of the study include Sense of Community, Norm Value, Neighborhood Interaction, Trust, Collective Efficacy, Self-Efficacy, Subject Norm, Attitude, Behavioral Intention and Community Participation. The research objects of 572 valid samples are community residents from 10 community development associations in Kaohsiung City. Questionnaires were collected and analyzed with Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to examine and explain each variable that influence residents¡¦ intention to participate in community. The results indicated that all the 11 assumptions present positive correlations. It is found that the Sense of Community presents great impact on Collective Efficacy, Norm Value and Neighborhood Interaction. Collective Efficacy also has strong influence on Self-Efficacy and Attitude. The result of the study based on the theories of Sense of Community, Social Capital, Social Cognitive Theory, and Theory of Planned Behavioral is considered as acceptable model as the development of resident community participation model reaches ideal standard on the index of Mean Root Square Error of Approximation (MRSEA). The research not only fulfills the purpose of study, but also provides concrete strategies for further studies. It also presents positive effect for Self-Efficacy and Collective Efficacy application on Social Cognitive Theory.

The research subject in the study is conducted on the members of Consumers¡¦ Foundation, and the study intends to realize their behavior intention of ethical consumerism. The study derives from the theory of planned behavior of Ajzen, by utilizing questionnaires and surveys to verify those pre-factor variables for the inclusion of personal aspect toward the behavior (AT), subject norm (SN), and perceived behavior control (PBC), and those post-factor variables are identified by personal behavior intention of ethical consumerism. Ultimately statistical analysis is performed based on information obtained from the survey. 75 copies of valid questionnaires are acquired from those 100 published, among them 23 copies from males (30.7%) and 52 from female (69.3%) in the study. The statistical analysis finds that the factors which affect the members to take action in behavior intention of ethical consumerism include ¡§subject norm (SN, £]=0.471)¡¨, ¡§attitude toward the behavior (AT, £]=0.454)¡¨, and ¡§perceived behavior control (PBC, £]=0.387)¡¨ and that subject norm being the most influential. Furthermore, the result also finds the participants agree on the following conclusions: 1. Ethical consumerism manifests to be most effective in minimizing the damage to the natural environment. 2. Organizations of consumer protection concur on ethical consumerism and it is executed based on their opinions and inputs. 3. Relevant information related to ethical consumerism can be difficult to acquire; therefore, the key factor is rather informational rather than financial. 4. Information on ethical consumerism is obtainable from organization of consumer protection, magazines, periodicals and experts. Nevertheless, 11.7% of the surveyed participants are unfamiliar with the terminology and practice. 5. The anticipation of willingness to adopt ethical consumerism will elevate.

Workplace learning is essential to the continuous improvement and competitiveness of organizations. Antecedent training conditions are crucial for training participation. Despite its recognized importance, few studies have proposed theory-based models for predicting the antecedents of training participation. The principal objective of this study was to test the theory of planned behavior (TPB) for predicting public sector training participation. The second aim was to elucidate the factors that influence, directly or indirectly, employee intentions to participate as well as training participation behavior. The third aim was to test the psychological mediators of past behavior and perceived organizational support on training participation intention of public sector. A sample of 1,108 participants was analyzed by structural equation modeling and hierarchical regression analysis to assess path suitability and significance. The empirical results confirmed the applicability of theory of planned behavior for predicting training participation in the public sector. However, the relationship between past behavior/perceived organizational support and intention to participate was only partially mediated by the direct measures of the TPB. This research adds to the extant training participation literature in several ways. First, it applies the TPB model to develop and examine the behavior and intention of participation in training, and the empirical studies conducted to date have not focused on this field. Second, it identifies several constructs and relationships that are new to this area. Third, this study demonstrates that TPB is a proper way to conceptualize the relevant training constructs. This study can help the public sector managers to encourage employees¡¦ participation in training by improving the time availability and assigning current workload, strengthening social support from family members, co-workers and supervisors. Finally, research limitations and areas for future research are discussed.

The earth ecosystem is seriously damaged due to the self-interest behavior of human, which nonetheless poses a huge threat to the survival of human. The ecological environment and public health in Taiwan also face increasingly deteriorating situation, which is compounded with the problem of a dramatic increased number of families eating out with the most popular choice as lunch boxes mostly. To improve this situation, visionaries push for organic lunch boxes. However, there are still some factors lacking and some problems persisting for marketing organic lunch boxes. It is hoped that the result of this study can be beneficial to the relevant organizations as a reference for promoting organic lunch boxes. Literature review and in-depth interviews are conducted as the basis for developing questionnaire in this study. I also propose a behavior model for purchasing organic lunch boxes based on the theory of consumption values by Sheth, Newman, and Gross (1991), Theory of planned behavior by Ajzen (1991), and the EKB model by Engel, Blackwell, and Miniard (1993) This model consists of nine variables: the functional value of organic lunch box, its social value, its emotional value, its curious value, its conditional value, the subjective norms, self-efficacy, shopping environment, and the degree of involvement etc. To test this model, regression analyses are conducted using those nine variables and two behavior intention dependent variables in this study. These two behavior intention variables respectively are: the subject¡¦s behavior intention to purchase organic lunch boxes when price is not specifically mentioned (BI1) or they are suggested to assume that the price of the organic one will be close to that of a regular one (BI2). The result shows that the functional value and the degree of involvement both have significant influence on BI1 and BI2; while the conditional value, the emotional value, and self-efficacy are only have significant influence on BI2, which can explain the 22.1% variation of BI1 and the 26.2% variation of BI2 respectively. Furthermore, in order to investigate the variation of the behavior intention BI1 to purchase organic lunch boxes due to the difference of personal attributes, t test and single factor ANOVA are adopted. The result shows that marital status, age, occupation, personal monthly income, knowledge of organic product, purchasing frequency for organic ingredients, and the amount of money for purchasing organic ingredients all have significant influence on the variation of behavior intention for purchasing organic lunch boxes (BI1); while gender, educational level, self health status, and family's health status do not have significant influence on the variation of behavior intention for purchasing organic lunch boxes. We will propose application from these results and make relevant recommendations to industries and government based on this study.

The focus of this thesis is on the behavior of Taiwanese consumers in the organic food market in Taiwan. The theory of planned behavior is used to determine what role attitudes, social influences and perceived control has on Taiwanese consumers¡¦ intention to purchase organic food. Furthermore, a fourth construct testing the role of one¡¦s attitude towards the environment on consumer behavior is tested. The importance of demographics on the organic food market is also tested to determine a target market for the marketers of organic food in Taiwan. The data for this thesis was collected through several interviews which provided detailed information on the beliefs and attitudes of Taiwanese consumers on organic food. The results from the interviews were used as the foundation of the questionnaire which was hosted online. This thesis determined that the main factors influencing consumer behavior of the organic food market in Taiwan are the attitudes of Taiwanese consumers towards organic food and social influences on Taiwanese consumers. Marketing efforts of organic food in Taiwan should therefore focus on attitudes and social influences on Taiwanese consumers. Perceived control is less influential, while the attitude of Taiwanese consumers towards the environment did not prove to have a positive significant relationship with intention to purchase organic food. This thesis proved that there is no significant difference in intention to purchase organic food between Taiwanese consumers¡¦ of different genders, areas of residence and income levels, however those aged over 50 and 30-39 years old are significantly more inclined to purchase organic food than those aged 18-29.