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A ampliação do número de alunos matriculados nas escolas públicas e privadas brasileiras não vem acompanhada de um ensino de qualidade capaz de preparar o indivíduo para atuar na sociedade em que vive, conforme apontam dados de documentos oficias. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho, que se insere no âmbito dos estudos voltados para os processos de leitura de textos verbais e não verbais, é a partir da análise das habilidades e as competências de um leitor ao término do Ensino Médio, a) verificar a concepção de leitura que permeia as matrizes do ENEM e, por decorrência, as habilidades de leitura nelas prefiguradas; b) analisar questões desse exame no que tange às competências e habilidades de leitura exigidas do candidato, estabelecendo um paralelo entre o que determinam os documentos oficiais e a avaliação na prática. Para atingir nosso objetivo, analisamos 33 questões do Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio de 2010. Nesse corpus, trabalhamos com questões que contemplem a construção de sentido de textos verbais e não verbais, relativas a Linguagens, Códigos e suas Tecnologias que dizem respeito à Língua Portuguesa, diagnosticando uma a uma as habilidades e competências leitoras necessárias para uma leitura competente. Organizamos nossa dissertação em três capítulos, além de uma Introdução e uma Conclusão. No capítulo 1, apresentamos os principais modelos de leitura, fazendo nossa opção pelo modelo sociocognitivo interacional. No capítulo 2, focalizamos o ENEM, destacando suas habilidades e competências. No capítulo 3, procedemos análise de 33 questões do ENEM 2010, focando as habilidades e competências leitoras necessárias para resolvê-las. Os resultados apontam para uma concepção de leitura sociocognitiva interacional, que pressupõe também a decodificação como parte do processo de leitura em pequenos instantes em que se necessita construir sentido para um vocábulo estranho ao leitor. O estudo aponta ainda para uma predominância nas questões do ENEM das competências que envolvem conhecimento de gênero discursivo e reflexões acerca das novas tecnologias da informação. / The increase in the number of students enrolled in public and private Brazilian schools is not accompanied by a quality education that is capable of preparing the individual for active participation in the community they live in, as data from official documents show. The objective of this work, which falls within the scope of the studies focused on the processes of reading texts verbal and nonverbal, is based on the analysis of the abilities and skills of a player at the end of high school, a) To verify the conception of reading that permeates ENEM (High School National Examination) matrices and, consequently, the reader profile prefigured therein; b) to analyze its examinations regarding skills and reading skills required of the candidate, establishing a parallel between the determining official documents and assessment in practice. To achieve our goal, we analyze 33 questions of the ENEM 2010. In this corpus, we will deal with issues that include the construction of meaning of verbal and nonverbal texts, which concern the Portuguese Studies in the area of Language and its technologies, diagnosing one by one the reading skills necessary for a competent reading. We organize our dissertation in three chapters, besides an Introduction and a Conclusion. Chapter 1 presents the main models of reading, making our choice of the social cognitive model. In chapter 2, we focus on ENEM, highlighting what refers to reading in the assessment. In chapter 3, we analyze 33 questions of the ENEM 2010. The results point to a conception of sociocognitive interactional reading, which is substituted for decoding in small moments when its necessary the construction of meaning of words the reader doesnt know. The study also points to a predominance in the ENEM questions of skills involving knowledge of genre and reflections on the new information technologies.

Within the worldwide business community, many analysis tools and techniques have evolved to assist in the evaluation and encouragement of financial health and fiscal viability. However, in the educational community, such analysis is uncommon. It has long been argued that educational institutions bear little resemblance to, and should not be treated like, businesses. This research identifies an educational environment where educational institutions are, indeed, businesses, and may greatly benefit from the use of business analyses. The worldwide effort of Education for All (EFA) has focused on primary education, particularly in less developed countries (LDCs). In Sub-Saharan Africa, Uganda increased its primary school enrollments from 2.7 million in 1996 to 7.6 million in 2003. This rapid primary school expansion substantially increased the demand for secondary education. Limited government funding for secondary schools created an educational bottleneck. In response to this demand, laws were passed to allow the establishment of private secondary schools, operated and taxed as businesses. Revenue reports, filed by individual private schools with the Uganda Revenue Authority, formed the database for the financial analysis portion of this research. These reports, required of all profitable businesses in Uganda, are similar to audited corporate financial statements. Survey data and national examination (UNEB) scores were also utilized. This research explored standard business financial analysis tools, including financial statement ratio analysis, and evaluated the applicability of each to this LDC educational environment. A model for financial assessment was developed and industry averages were calculated for private secondary schools in the Mukono District of Uganda. Industry averages can be used by individual schools as benchmarks in assessing their own financial health. Substantial deviations from the norms signal areas of potential concern. Schools may take appropriate corrective action, leading to sustainable fiscal viability. An example of such analysis is provided. Finally, school financial health, defined by eight financial measures, was compared with quality of education, defined by UNEB scores. Worldwide, much attention is given to education and its role in development. This research, with its model for financial assessment of private LDC schools, offers a new and pragmatic perspective.