The rise of the World Wide Web attracted concerns among social science scholars, especially those in the communication school who studied it by various methods like content analysis. However, the dynamic environment of the World Wide Web challenged this traditional research method, and, in turn, scholars tried to figure out valid solutions, which were summarized in the literature review section. After 2000, few studies focused on the content analysis of Web sites, while the World Wide Web developed rapidly and affected people??s everyday life. This study conducted a thematic meta-analysis to examine how researchers apply content analysis to the World Wide Web after 2000. A total of 39 studies that used content analysis to study Web sites were identified from three sources. Then data were collected and analyzed. This study found that, from 2000 to 2004, content analysis of the World Wide Web proliferated. The content analytical scholars had created new strategies to cope with challenges posed by the WWW. The suggestions made in this study forms some guidelines in the steps of content analysis research design, potentially aiding the future research of content analysis to Web sites in developing their own valid methods to study the rapid-paced WWW.

Readers often encounter the need to explore a document only for a specific point of interest. We call the phenomena of approaching a narrative not for its entirety, but for a thread of a particular topic, thematic reading. Present reading tools and information retrieval techniques provide only limited assistance to readers in such a situation. Our research centers on this phenomenon. We conducted investigations on both human behavior and machine automation, with a goal of better meeting the requirements of thematic reading. To observe readers? behavior and understand their expectations, we implemented a reader?s interface with designs targeting the predicted needs of thematic readers. We conducted user studies using both the system and Microsoft Word. We proved that thematic reading is capable of achieving the goal of understanding a specific topic, at least to a degree that succeeds in topic-wise tasks. We also reached guidelines for designing future reading platforms in major aspects such as view, navigation, and contextual awareness. As for machine automation, we investigated the potential to automatically locate thematically relevant excerpts. This investigation was inspired by the editorial compilation of a textbook index. To increase the search performance, we proposed a two-step methodology which first expands the query with expansion and then filters the intermediate results by checking the term-occurrence proximity. For query expansion, we compared the query expansion with WordNet, morphological inflections, and both processes together. Our results show that in the context of our study, WordNet made almost no contribution to the enhancement of recall, while expansion with the inflectional variants turned out to be a successful and essential scheme. For the refinement section, the results show that the proximity check on the alternative phrases formed after inflectional expansion can effectively increase the precision of the previously acquired return results. We further tested a different scheme ? using sliding window ? of defining target and verification units in the methodology. Our findings show that the structural delimitations (sentences and chapters) outperformed sliding windows. The first scheme was able to achieve consistently desirable results, while the results from the second were inconclusive.

Liszt was distinguished as the most important virtuoso in the Romantic period of music history, whose Weimar period between 1848 and 1861 was the time of Liszt¡¦s golden age of composition. The Mephisto Waltz No.1, finished in 1860, was based on the second episode The Dance in the Village Inn from Nikolaus Lenau¡¦s poem ¡§Faust.¡¨ Exercising the virtuosic elements and thematic transformation technique, Liszt combined both literature and musical ideas in the Mephisto Waltz No.1 successfully. This work remains one of the most popular works on today¡¦s piano recital repertoire ever since. This research consists of two parts. Part one discusses the characteristics of Liszt¡¦s compositions, with a focus on how Liszt¡¦s style was influenced by the nineteenth century virtuosity. Part two analyzes Mephisto Waltz No. 1 by exploring its historical background, formal structure, and the techniques of thematic transformation. The corresponding pianistic techniques are summarized from the various sources of scholarly suggestions as the conclusion of this analysis.

Sonata had gone through the development of Baroque and Classical Era and reached the high point in the beginning of 19th century. Liszt¡¦ s Piano Sonata in B minor is an important work. It is also an arguable piece in the sonata literatures. Its musical form or content are both the issues of which is considered to carry on the past musical heritage and opened up the future. This thesis starts from the introduction of the composing background of Piano Sonata in B minor. It then focuses to the significance of this work in Romantic Era. After that, many pianists¡¦ and scholars¡¦ view points are collected and analyzed for discussing how this work has the characteristics of absolute music and program music. The relationship between Liszt¡¦s Faust Symphony and this sonata is also explored. Finally, the structure of this sonata is analyzed for understanding how the technique of thematic transformation works in this piece.

With the rapid development of Internet technology, the higher demand for information and more convenient way to access information give the conduct of human life a dramatic impact. Most recent Internet users who would like to gather information will use the Search Engine first but lots of them will also focus in certain special Thematic Website to acquire more complete and in-depth information. Based on this demand, there are more and more such websites created and grown with high efficiency. This trend reveals that Thematic Website has equal scale of advertising business opportunity as Search Engine Website. However, there are numerous competitors providing the homogeneity website in this information-rich environment. Under this condition, how to grasp the unique value and correct operation of the direction for such websites is the focus of development strategy. Moreover, how to operate virtual community to create content (co-create) and gather the knowledge by network interaction is a main trend for Thematic Website to enhance competitiveness and cohesion of the user currently. Therefore, the research of this thesis was aimed to analyze the key success factors of Thematic Website by conducting the management and development of the virtual community within this kind of website, including their interaction behavior and the commercial activity. The main research way is to explore the relevant literatures that discussing the successful factor of information content website and management of virtual community, and then to compile a viable theme with these arguments about the successful factor related to the subject in this thesis. According to Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), we designed the questionnaire and invited the webmaster and senior users belonged to two successful Thematic Websites (BAHAMUT and Fashion Guide) to be the research objects. Through the calculating with the data weighting and further analysis, the conclusion is provided in this thesis to make recommendations for Thematic Website development and business strategy on the frame of reference.

Finn (2007) developed a procedure that uses psychological assessment tools towards therapeutic ends known as Therapeutic Assessment (TA). The Assessment Intervention session was later developed as part of the TA as an improved method of preparing clients for feedback. The dynamics and effectiveness of this stage of TA have not been studied to date. The current study used a time-series design to follow two clients as they took part in a TA intervention. Participants were involved in ongoing therapy at the time of the study. Participants completed brief, daily measures related to their reported symptoms and presenting concerns before, during, and after the TA. In addition, clients completed longer, standardized measures of psychological symptomatology and therapy progress. Clients and the assessor (Dr. Stephen Finn) were interviewed about their experiences of the Assessment Intervention session and the resulting text was coded and interpreted according to a modified Grounded Theory Method. A time-series analysis revealed that neither client reported improvement on any of the daily measures of symptoms when comparing baseline and post-TA intervention periods. However, one client saw improvements during the TA period only and both clients saw global improvements in the scores reported on the standardized measures. In addition, clients reported satisfaction with the TA and, while therapists reported positive results regarding therapy progress, clients’ reports were mixed. Finally, qualitative feedback from participants revealed that clients and assessor experienced the Assessment Intervention as evoking something familiar but also new for the clients. The integration of the new and the familiar had to be carefully balanced for the clients to be able to experience the Assessment Intervention as beneficial. The context of narrative, a supportive relationship with the assessor, and strong, memory-linking feelings and insights were important for the positive integration of the new experiences. / text

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Στην παρούσα εργασία μελετάται ο τρόπος της εισαγωγής της διαθεματικής προσέγγισης στο νέο έντυπο εκπαιδευτικό υλικό του Δημοτικού και αξιολογείται ο βαθμός της συμβολής της διαθεματικότητας και ιδίως των αναφορικών διασυνδέσεων μέσα από τις θεμελιώδεις διαθεματικές έννοιες αλλά και των ασκήσεων και δραστηριοτήτων στην προώθηση της μάθησης πέραν από την απλή γνώση. Αρχικά, περιγράφεται το εννοιολογικό και θεωρητικό πλαίσιο της έννοιας της διαθεματικότητας και της προώθησης των μεταγνωστικών δεξιοτήτων μέσω αυτής προς όφελος του μαθητή. Ακολουθεί η παρουσίαση του τρόπου διεξαγωγής της έρευνας και των ευρημάτων με ιδιαίτερη εστίαση στο μάθημα «Μελέτη του Περιβάλλοντος» της Δ΄Δημοτικού. Συγκεκριμένα, χρησιμοποιήθηκε σαν βάση το προτεινόμενο μοντέλο που ανέπτυξαν οι Αλαχιώτης –Καρατζιά (2007) http://www.alfavita.gr/artra/artro20080121a.php , καθώς και η μέθοδος ανάλυσης κειμένου. Η εργασία ολοκληρώνεται με τον κριτικό σχολιασμό της παιδαγωγικής αποτελεσματικότητας της διαθεματικής διδασκαλίας/ μάθησης/ αξιολόγησης. / In this study, the way that the cross-thematic approach was implemented in the new educational material (textbooks) for Greek Primary School is investigated and its effectiveness towards the promotion of learning is assessed. In this framework, the degree of cross-curriculum connections and extensions through the fundamental cross-thematic concepts is investigated and assessed in the text as well as in the exercises and educational activities. Τhe concept of cross-curricularity is identified and given the meaning it takes within the context of the new Greek cross-thematic curricula and the relevant educational material. Also the relationship of cross-curricularity to meat-cognitive competencies is described under the major aim of the promotion of the students benefit. More specifically, the study focused on the analysis of the texts in the educational material produced for the Fourth grade of Primary schools in the lesson “Study of the environment” and used the assessment framework developed by Alaxiotis and Karatzia-Stavlioti (2007) by applying text analysis. The study brought everything together concluding that an effective use of this educational material by the teachers in classroom could, eventually, improve the pedagogic effectiveness of curriculum teaching/learning assessement school practices and the quality of education provided.

Research has yet to explain how individuals develop and incorporate their religious and spiritual views into their sense of self and romantic relationship beliefs and behaviors. The current study seeks to understand how individuals and couples understand their spiritual and religious beliefs and use them to negotiate satisfying marital relationships. Self-discrepancy theory assists in understanding the ways in which individuals and couples navigate the development of their spiritual, religious, and relationship beliefs, as participants beliefs are often fluid as they work to reconcile various discrepancies. To understand how participants experience these beliefs in family of origin, courtship, and the early years of marriage, a story-telling methodology is employed. Many couples experience their religious beliefs as being focused on the organization, denomination, rites, and rituals, whereas spirituality is more often about beliefs, movement or questioning, and connection to a God or Higher Power. Spiritual and religious beliefs influenced the way participants viewed romantic relationships in terms of marriage, sex, marital cohesion, dating, family of origin, children, pregnancy, cohabitation, and divorce. This study represents participants' lived experiences and the various ways in which spiritual and religious beliefs permeate into other aspects of marital life. Interestingly, there appears to be a high salience of religious and spiritual beliefs in regards to relational beliefs and behavior beginning in adolescence leading up to marriage and then a reduction in saliency for some after marriage until the presence of children when saliency increases for some couples.

This study proposed to assess the effects of a modified TAT in a multi racial South African sample. More specifically, it aimed to measure how different race groups responded to a variation of the TAT, as opposed to the original Murray TAT. It was hypothesized that a racially inclusive TAT, with more contemporary backgrounds, would enhance the narratives of South African respondents, and more especially those of black respondents. A new set of five TAT pictures (e-TAT) was designed, based upon five of the original Murray TAT (M-TAT) cards. As much as possible, the ambiguous style of the cards was left intact, but the characters (all originally white) were changed to represent African/black, Indian and coloured people as well. A factorial design was used to compare responses on the Murray TAT to responses on the experimental TAT in a sample of 207 first year psychology students at the University of KwaZulu-Natal. Each student was given a mean word count score. A randomly selected sub-sample of 40 students received a quality rating derived from Gerver's scoring level of response (as cited in Coleman, 1947), intended to measure the quality of their protocols. The statistical analyses revealed that (1) There is no statistically significant differences in the length of protocols between the M-TAT and the e-TAT. (2) There was no statistically significant difference in the length of stories between the race groups. (3) On the smaller sub-sample of participants who received quality ratings, black participants scored significantly higher on the e-TAT than on the M-TAT. (4) White participants scores on the M-TAT were significantly higher than black participants scores on the M-TAT. While the results are not yet conclusive, they are encouraging, and it is suggested that future research in this area is needed. / Thesis (M.A.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2008.