O trabalho buscou demonstrar o efeito benéfico do ultra-som no controle sintomático das osteorradionecroses (ORN) dos maxilares. Dez pacientes portadores de ORN dos maxilares foram avaliados e completaram o protocolo de tratamento proposto: um máximo de 40 aplicações de 20 minutos de ultra-som (US) de baixa intensidade sobre a área facial correspondente à região afetada pela ORN. O aparelho utilizado dispõe de transdutor composto por um disco cerâmico de PZT (Titanato de Zirconato de Chumbo) que emite ondas longitudinais, com freqüência de 1,5 Mhz e potência de 30 mW. Oito homens e duas mulheres compuseram a casuística, com idade média de 52,7 anos. Nove pacientes apresentavam ORN em mandíbula e um em maxila. Todos os pacientes mostraram resposta positiva ao tratamento com US, sendo que três foram tratados exclusivamente com US e sete submeteram-se a intervenção cirúrgica após as 40 aplicações de US. Extensão da casuística e pesquisas adicionais são indispensáveis ao melhor esclarecimento dos mecanismos de ação do US sobre o metabolismo ósseo, de sua interferência sobre o osso irradiado e para o estabelecimento de protocolos de tratamento clínico efetivos e cientificamente embasados. Concluímos que a terapia de US de baixa intensidade é eficiente no tratamento de ORNs dos maxilares, apresentando ausência de efeitos colaterais adversos e boa aceitação por parte dos pacientes. / The purpose of this research was to evaluate the effect of ultrasound (US) therapy upon symptomatic control of osteoradionecrosis (ORN) of the jaws. Ten ORN patients that completed the designed treatment protocol had their data analyzed. The treatment protocol consisted of a maximum of 40 sessions of 20-minute low intensity US application over the face in the area correspondent to the ORN lesion. The US device utilized was composed of a ceramic disc transducer (lead titanate zirconate) with 1.5 mHz frequency and 30 mW of power. Eight men and two women comprised the population studied, mean age 52.7 years. Nine patients presented the mandible and one patient the maxilla affected by ORN. All patients showed good results to US treatment. Three were treated exclusively by US and seven were submitted to a supplementary surgery intervention after the programmed 40 US applications. The extension of the casuistic and additional research are mandatory to enlighten the interactions between US waves and bone metabolism, the interferences of US upon irradiated bone and to the development of effective treatment protocols scientifically supported. It was concluded that US therapy is efficient to treat jaws osteoradionecrosis, generating no adverse effects and being well accepted by the patients.

This study explores how some mental health nurses are therapeutic, in terms of the art of healing, and how they have learned to be this way. The study originated in my experience of feeling abject while working as a mental health nurse. The research question addressed this situation through exploring whether or not therapeutic education was needed in mental health nursing. Ten mental health nurses participated in the study. Giorgi’s (2009) empirical phenomenological method was chosen because of its established status, and its grounding in Husserlian phenomenology which places a primacy on experience. A review of the literature included commentaries, qualitative empirical studies, case studies, and theoretical models, and indicated that mental health nurses may be therapeutic in idiosyncratic ways. A crucial aspect to these ways unfolded in this study as openness, through which the other may come to be in her own truthfulness. Significant methodological considerations were how we ‘constitute’ meaning, how meaning can ‘force itself’ like a gestalt, empathy may be self-alienating, and words ‘sedimented’ in tradition. These linked to how we can question being captivated in ‘experiences of truth’. Findings from Giorgi’s (2009) method were that mental health nurses are therapeutic through ‘being with’ others, through innate characteristics, that learning is through openness, and is facilitated through a therapeutic environment. Giorgi’s (2009) method is critiqued, and compared to a phenomenology of the therapeutic in relation to the research interviews (after Husserl and Merleau-Ponty). It was shown that the phenomenological ‘opens up’ language while method narrows meaning. The phenomenology showed that allowing an uncertain relation between two people was crucial, and how recognising the sensual aspect of meaning opened a healing space for another to be, through which a person’s own truthfulness may emerge. Openness appears to be innate, indicating one question for further study.

Lam Kin Bong Hubert. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2004. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 139-161). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Abstract (in English) --- p.i / (in chinese) --- p.iv / Acknowledgements --- p.vi / Publications --- p.ix / Table of Contents --- p.x / List of Tables --- p.xiii / List of Figures --- p.xiv / List of Abbreviations --- p.xvi / Chapter CHAPTER1： --- General Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter Section 1.1 --- Historical Background and Application of Arsenic Trioxide as an Anti-cancer Agent --- p.1 / Chapter Section 1.2 --- Arsenic Trioxide Induces Apoptosis in Cancer Cells --- p.3 / Chapter 1.2.1 --- The Intrinsic and Extrinsic Pathways of Apoptosis Initiation --- p.4 / Chapter 1.2.2 --- The Convergence of Pathways --- p.8 / Chapter 1.2.3 --- Induction of Apoptosis by Arsenic Trioxide --- p.9 / Chapter 1.2.3.1 --- Controversies in the Involvement of the Extrinsic Pathway --- p.9 / Chapter 1.2.3.2 --- "Arsenic Trioxide, Oxidative Stress and the Mitochondria" --- p.10 / Chapter 1.2.3.3 --- Caspase-3 Activation in Arsenic Trioxide-mediated Apoptosis --- p.12 / Chapter Section 1.3 --- Arsenic Trioxide Perturbs the Cell Division Cycle --- p.13 / Chapter 1.3.1 --- The Cell Cycle Oscillator --- p.14 / Chapter 1.3.2 --- DNADamage and Cell Cycle Checkpoints --- p.15 / Chapter 1.3.3 --- Induction of Cell Cycle Arrest by Arsenic Trioxide and its Association with Apoptosis --- p.17 / Chapter Section 1.4 --- Acute Megakaryocytic Leukemia and Arsenic Trioxide --- p.20 / Chapter CHAPTER 2： --- Objectives --- p.28 / Chapter CHAPTER 3： --- Methodology --- p.30 / Chapter Section 3.1 --- Materials --- p.30 / Chapter Section 3.2 --- Methods --- p.39 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- Culture of Megakaryocytic Cells and Their Treatment with Arsenic Trioxide --- p.39 / Chapter 3.2.1.1 --- Maintenance of Cell Lines --- p.39 / Chapter 3.2.1.2 --- Treatment with Arsenic Trioxide --- p.39 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- "Effects of Arsenic Trioxide on Cell Proliferation, Apoptosis, Mitochondrial Integrity and Cell Division Cycle Profiles of Human Megakaryocytic Leukemia Cell Lines" --- p.40 / Chapter 3.2.2.1 --- Trypan Blue Exclusion Assay --- p.40 / Chapter 3.2.2.2 --- Quantitation of Externalized Phosphatidylserine --- p.41 / Chapter 3.2.2.3 --- Quantitation of Active Caspase-3 Expression --- p.42 / Chapter 3.2.2.4 --- Assessment of Mitochondrial Intensity --- p.42 / Chapter 3.2.2.5 --- Analysis of Cell Division Cycle Profile --- p.43 / Chapter 3.2.2.6 --- Analysis of Cell Cycle Kinetics by BrdU Labeling --- p.43 / Chapter 3.2.2.7 --- Identification of Cell Cycle Specificity of Caspase-3 Expression --- p.45 / Chapter 3.2.3 --- Effects of Arsenic Trioxide on the Expression of Apoptotic Signals in Human Megakaryocytic Leukemia Cell Lines --- p.45 / Chapter 3.2.3.1 --- Effects of Arsenic Trioxide on mRNA Expression Levels of Apoptotic Regulators --- p.45 / Chapter 3.2.3.2 --- Effects of Arsenic Trioxide on Protein Expression Levels of Apoptotic Regulators --- p.50 / Chapter 3.2.3.2.1 --- Flow Cytometric Analysis --- p.50 / Chapter 3.2.3.2.2 --- Western Blot Analysis --- p.51 / Chapter 3.2.4 --- Effects of Arsenic Trioxide on Gene Expression Profiles of Human Megakaryocytic Leukemia Cell Lines By Microarray Analysis --- p.54 / Chapter 3.2.5 --- Statistical Analysis --- p.57 / Chapter CHAPTER 4： --- "Effects of Arsenic Trioxide on Cell Proliferation, Apoptosis, Mitochondrial Integrity and Cell Division Cycle Profiles of Human Megakaryocytic Leukemia Cell Lines" --- p.62 / Chapter Section 4.1 --- Introduction --- p.62 / Chapter Section 4.2 --- Results --- p.63 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- Effects of Arsenic Trioxide on Proliferation Kinetics --- p.63 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- Effects of Arsenic Trioxide on Cell Viability --- p.64 / Chapter 4.2.3 --- Apoptosis-inducing Capability of Arsenic Trioxide --- p.65 / Chapter 4.2.3.1 --- Quantitation of Externalized Phosphatidylserine --- p.65 / Chapter 4.2.3.2 --- Quantitation of Active Caspase-3 Expression --- p.66 / Chapter 4.2.4 --- Effects of Arsenic Trioxide on Mitochondrial Integrity --- p.67 / Chapter 4.2.5 --- Effects of Arsenic Trioxide on Cell Division Cycle Profiles --- p.69 / Chapter 4.2.6 --- Effects of Arsenic Trioxide on Cell Cycle Kinetics by Bromodeoxyuridine Labeling --- p.69 / Chapter 4.2.7 --- Identification of Cell Cycle Specificity of Arsenic Trioxide-Induced Caspase-3 Activation --- p.71 / Chapter Section 4.3 --- Discussion --- p.72 / Chapter CHAPTER 5： --- Effects of Arsenic Trioxide on Apoptotic Signal Expression in Human Megakaryocytic Leukemia Cell Lines --- p.91 / Chapter Section 5.1 --- Introduction --- p.91 / Chapter Section 5.2 --- Results --- p.92 / Chapter 5.2.1 --- Effects of Arsenic Trioxide on mRNA Expression Levels of Apoptotic Regulators --- p.92 / Chapter 5.2.2 --- Effects of Arsenic Trioxide on Protein Expression Levels of Apoptotic Regulators --- p.94 / Chapter 5.2.2.1 --- Flow Cytometric Analysis --- p.94 / Chapter 5.2.2.2 --- Western Blot Analysis --- p.96 / Chapter Section 5.3 --- Discussion --- p.96 / Chapter CHAPTER 6： --- Effects of Arsenic Trioxide on Gene Expression Profiles of Human Megakaryocytic Leukemia Cell Lines by Microarray Analysis --- p.119 / Chapter Section 6.1 --- Introduction --- p.119 / Chapter Section 6.2 --- Results --- p.119 / Chapter Section 6.3 --- Discussion --- p.122 / Chapter CHAPTER 7： --- General Discussion and Conclusions --- p.135 / BIblography --- p.139

Absorption study showed that gossypetin was methoxylated and conjugated to form glucuronide during the first-pass metabolism after oral administration. Glucuronide conjugate was the major circulating form in the plasma. As determined by HPLC analysis, the total gossypetin concentration in the plasma was higher than the unchanged gossypetin indicating that most of gossypetin underwent first-pass metabolism. Moreover, urinary excretion was not a main elimination route. / Uses of foods and dietary supplements present a safe chemopreventive strategy. The application of phytochemicals for cancer prevention currently receives a great deal of attention. Flavonoids are known to be antiproliferative and may play an important role in the prevention of carcinogenesis. In addition to epidemiologic studies, basic science research to elucidate mechanisms and evaluate chemopreventive potential of phytochemicals is also necessary. In this study, gossypetin was found to have stronger antiproliferative activity when compared with quercetin, a well studied flavonoid, in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells and human breast carcinoma (MCF-7) cells. The results demonstrated that gossypetin induced growth inhibition in MCF-7 cell line by arresting cell cycle at G0/G1 phase. The inhibition of cell cycle progression was associated with the decrement of cyclin D1 expression, cdk6 kinase activity and phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein (pRb). Although the cdk inhibitor p21 could not be detected, its upstream protein, p53 tumor suppressor protein, was activated by gossypetin in the MCF-7 cell line. Also, the proliferation of MCF-7 cells was suppressed through down-regulating the Erk1/2 pathway. / Ngai Lei-ka. / "August 2005." / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 67-11, Section: B, page: 6156. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 222-250). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Electronic reproduction. [Ann Arbor, MI] : ProQuest Information and Learning, [200-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / School code: 1307.

Pang, Lap-yin. / "42" in title is subscript. / "July 2000." / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2000. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 163-173). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Mode of access: World Wide Web. / Abstracts in English and Chinese.

Chan Siu Lung. / "June 2003." / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2003. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 220-247). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Mode of access: World Wide Web. / Abstracts in English and Chinese,

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