In a public lecture given by Gunther Schuller in 1957, the term 'third stream music' was suggested as a way of describing the combination of 'first stream music' (Western classical) and 'second stream music' (American jazz) within a musical work. 'Third stream' was proposed as a term to denote the fusion of

This thesis, titled ”Exploration in Art Music”, was conceived based on my curiosity to explore and compose music which combines the styles of jazz and Western classical music. Inspired by the Third Stream movement led by Gunther Schuller, which evolved in parallel with the 50’s avant-garde jazz scene, I have composed three musical pieces for a twelve-piece orchestra consisting of woodwinds, strings, and a jazz quartet. I’ve examined this work from the following two perspectives: As a composer – exploring ways to fuse the genres, observing contrasting idioms, and finding ways of opening up for improvisation when the music is otherwise through-composed. As a musician and bandleader – noticing how musicians from each of the two musical cultures approach and interpret written and improvised music. Throughout the project I have gotten a deeper insight into the culture of Western classical music, and this thesis observes and analyzes some of the differences and similarities, musically and performance-wise, between that and the jazz culture which I am originating from. / <p><strong>Framförd musik:</strong></p><p><em>Antmarch</em> - Erik Hasselfeldt</p><p><em>Midnatt i 1C307</em> - Erik Hasselfeldt</p><p><em>Akta dig för scootrar</em> - Erik Hasselfeldt</p><p><em>Louange á l’éternité de Jésus</em> - Olivier Messiaen</p><p><em>I stormens öga</em> - Erik Hasselfeldt</p><p><strong>Medverkande:</strong></p><p>Tvärflöjt – Tiitta Moilanen</p><p>Oboe – Sabina Scott</p><p>Bb Klarinett – Filippa Hedberg</p><p>Bb Klarinett &amp; basklarinett – Eskil Larsson</p><p>Fagott – Ciarán Hayes</p><p></p><p>Fiol – Maria Ikonen</p><p>Fiol – Vidar Karlsvärd</p><p>Cello – Elis Hakola</p><p></p><p>Sopran &amp; altsaxofon – Erik Hasselfeldt</p><p>Piano – Milos Lindegren</p><p>Kontrabas – Amanda Karström</p><p>Trummor – Filip Bällstav Öhman</p><p>Trumpet – Tumi Torfason</p>

Tommy Smith is considered by many to be one of the greatest jazz saxophonists not only in Scotland, but world-wide. Celebrated for his virtuosic performance skills, tremendous compositions, and prized albums in the jazz idiom, Smith has also had great success as a composer and performer of the classical genre. Fusing the styles of jazz and classical, he composed and recorded two sonatas, entitled, Sonata No. 1 - Hall of Mirrors and Sonata No 2. - Dreaming with Open Eyes, on his 1998 album, Gymnopédie: The Classical Side of Tommy Smith. Unique pieces, they are not considered standard repertoire in the classical saxophone world, however, they are welcomed, substantial works for either the soprano or tenor saxophone and piano. Composed in a classical style and performed with jazz inflections and improvisation, these sonatas are challenging pieces to learn and execute at a high level. For many classical saxophonists, improvising a cadenza or utilizing standard jazz performance techniques could dissuade them from performing these terrific, distinctive works. This study is intended to aid in the learning and presentation of these two pieces, and includes transcriptions from Tommy Smith's album, errata, and performance analyses for each sonata.

This study aims to describe how the basic elements of music are synthesised and manipulated to create a composition in the musical style called Third stream music. This is done through a comprehensive description of the background of this musical style and a detailed analysis of a case study Third stream work, Invictus: Orchestral Prelude in 3 Movements, by the South African composer Noel Stockton and commissioned by the South African Music Rights rganisation. Copyright / Dissertation (MMus)--University of Pretoria, 2008. / Music / unrestricted

Artie Shaw's Interlude in B-flat is unknown to many in the classical clarinet world and remains unperformed by clarinetists, despite its historical importance as one of the earliest Third Stream compositions, the earliest composition of its type in the clarinet repertoire. This prompts the question, why? This document explores four possible reasons for the marginalization of Interlude in B-flat. First, Shaw's historical narrative typically places him within the jazz world and not the classical world. Classical clarinetists may assume a Shaw composition will require a jazz background and experience beyond their abilities, namely improvisation. Second, the instrumentation, string quartet plus jazz combo, is atypical, making it difficult to program. Third, jazz and classical educational worlds do not necessarily overlap or interact, and neither has taken ownership of this Third Stream composition. Lastly, manuscripts, recordings, and other materials for Interlude in B-flat are limited and not readily available. Because Artie Shaw is not only a significant American clarinetist but also an important composer within the Third Stream narrative, Interlude in B-flat should be known and performed. This project aimed to promote the understanding and accessibility of this important and unknown composition to the classical clarinet world by providing an accessible arrangement of the work for clarinet and piano.