<p>The concern for the environment and social aspects have been highlighting in the concept of ecotourism. Tourism is a growing industry, where ecotourism is one of the fastest growing components in tourism today. The increase of amount of travels and tourists in the world, has led to the acknowledgement of tourism as part of the emissions of greenhouse gases. Therefore, the framework of sustainable development in tourism has been developed as well as ecotourism.</p><p>This thesis is aiming to study the ecotourism operators’ management of facing dilemmas in the ecotourism industry in Sweden. Therefore, the study is contributing to new knowledge in the lack of research in the field. We have identified the knowledge gap which is from the frontline practitioner’s, ecotourism operator point of view on how to manage dilemmas in this strong sustainable industry, ecotourism.</p><p>We structure a literature review where we provide with broader definitions of the major concepts: tourism, sustainable development and ecotourism. Ecotourism is considered as possessing strong sustainability features. The literature review is focused mainly in Swedish context and literature supporting the business purpose of a small firm has been highlighted. The theoretical framework is also presenting research done about the different aspects of sustainable development (economic, social and environment) with the context in ecotourism, which is also presenting the dilemmas that can occur among the perspectives. The theoretical framework ends with some suggestions on how tour operators balance the three perspectives, i.e. economic, social and environment.</p><p>The study takes form as a qualitative study with an exploratory approach. We are aiming at providing new information and knowledge in the field, which has been lacking in research in the Swedish context. By having telephone interviews with eight ecotourism operators across Sweden, we are aiming to gain heterogeneity in respondents’ selection and try to find out if there are any common thoughts and at the same time unique practices among the respondents.</p><p>Our main conclusions are answering the question on how the ecotourism operators manage the dilemmas in the ecotourism industry in Sweden. We acknowledge that ecotourism operators are expected to aim at strong sustainability which concerns on the environmental and social issues. This frames their way of operating the ecotourism business. The ecotourism operators manage dilemmas by communicating, educating, cooperating, marketing, raising price (or no raise), limiting number of tourists and by being professional.</p>

The concern for the environment and social aspects have been highlighting in the concept of ecotourism. Tourism is a growing industry, where ecotourism is one of the fastest growing components in tourism today. The increase of amount of travels and tourists in the world, has led to the acknowledgement of tourism as part of the emissions of greenhouse gases. Therefore, the framework of sustainable development in tourism has been developed as well as ecotourism. This thesis is aiming to study the ecotourism operators’ management of facing dilemmas in the ecotourism industry in Sweden. Therefore, the study is contributing to new knowledge in the lack of research in the field. We have identified the knowledge gap which is from the frontline practitioner’s, ecotourism operator point of view on how to manage dilemmas in this strong sustainable industry, ecotourism. We structure a literature review where we provide with broader definitions of the major concepts: tourism, sustainable development and ecotourism. Ecotourism is considered as possessing strong sustainability features. The literature review is focused mainly in Swedish context and literature supporting the business purpose of a small firm has been highlighted. The theoretical framework is also presenting research done about the different aspects of sustainable development (economic, social and environment) with the context in ecotourism, which is also presenting the dilemmas that can occur among the perspectives. The theoretical framework ends with some suggestions on how tour operators balance the three perspectives, i.e. economic, social and environment. The study takes form as a qualitative study with an exploratory approach. We are aiming at providing new information and knowledge in the field, which has been lacking in research in the Swedish context. By having telephone interviews with eight ecotourism operators across Sweden, we are aiming to gain heterogeneity in respondents’ selection and try to find out if there are any common thoughts and at the same time unique practices among the respondents. Our main conclusions are answering the question on how the ecotourism operators manage the dilemmas in the ecotourism industry in Sweden. We acknowledge that ecotourism operators are expected to aim at strong sustainability which concerns on the environmental and social issues. This frames their way of operating the ecotourism business. The ecotourism operators manage dilemmas by communicating, educating, cooperating, marketing, raising price (or no raise), limiting number of tourists and by being professional.

Kemin uppfattas av många som ett svårt ämne att lära ut och att lära sig, eftersom ämnets abstrakta natur gör att den verkar orelaterade till vardagliga upplevelser. Som förklaring till observerbara kemiska förändringar krävs visualisering av fenomen som sker på atomnivå. Dagens skola är digitaliserad och digitala verktyg används som hjälpmedel i kemiundervisningen, vilket underlättar undervisningen. Filmer är därför populära digitalahjälpmedel i kemiundervisning bland lärarna. Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur kemins tre perspektiv (makro-, submikro- ochsymboliska perspektiv) uttrycks i pedagogiska filmer i kemiundervisningen utifrån lärarperspektivet, och studien fokuserar på filmers roll som digitala pedagogiska hjälpmedel i kemiundervisningen. En kvalitativ studie genomfördes med data från semistrukturerade intervjuer med verksamma kemilärare på högstadienivå i Sverige där de flesta lärare som deltog i studien var legitimerade lärare i kemi med långa erfarenhet från högstadiet. Resultatet av studien analyserades tematiskt. Studieresultatet visar varierande termanvändning av lärare för att förklara kemins tre perspektiv. Vardagligt språk används av flera lärare för att förklara dessa tre perspektiv i kemiämnet och få lärare använder termer om de tre perspektiven i kemin (makro-, submikro och symboliska perspektiv), medvetet i sin undervisning. Studien påpekar vidare att kemins tre perspektiv nämns i läroplanen men orden används inte, studien visar också varierande kunskaper hos kemilärare om kemins tre perspektiv. Analysresultat visade också att lärare använder filmer med huvudfokus på endast två perspektiv, makro- och submikro perspektiv, trots att alla tre perspektiv naturligtvis uttrycks i filmer. Dessutom visar analysresultat att dessa pedagogiska filmer används som multifunktionellt digitala hjälpmedel i kemiundervisning. Studien presenterade några för- och nackdelar med pedagogiska filmer samt tips till kemilärare att välja pedagogiska filmer i kemiundervisningen. / Chemistry is seen as an abstract subject to understand, and it requires visualization of phenomena that occur at the atomic level as an explanation for observable chemical changes. The purpose of this study is to investigate from teachers’ perspective the role of educational films in chemistry teaching and how the three perspectives of chemistry i.e., macro-, submicroscopic-, and symbolic perspective, expressed in educational films in chemistry teaching. A qualitative study has been carried out using the data from semi-structured interviews of in-service chemistry teachers who work in different high schools in Sweden. The result of the analysis points out that most of the teachers used day-to-day language to explain the three perspectives of chemistry. The study further points out that the three perspectives of chemistry are mentioned in the school curriculum, but the terms are not used. The analysis result of the study reveals that some teachers intentionally skip the scientific terms to avoid confusion and congestion of memory in students. Very few teachers use these terms systematically in chemistry teaching with the help of research models. Study also reveals that teachers use pedagogical films in chemistry teaching primarily with the purpose of explaining only two perspectives, macro-and submicroscopic perspective even though three perspectives expressed naturally in these films. The analysis also reveals that teachers use films as a multifunctional digital pedagogical aid in chemistry teaching as it has high pedagogical usage in different contexts in chemistry teaching. Therefore, the study result also indicates that films can be used as a multi-functional digital pedagogical aid in chemistry teaching. The study also presents advantages and disadvantages of using pedagogical films and some tips to choose films in chemistry teaching. Teachers highly recommend educational films as an effective pedagogical aid in chemistry teaching.