This work aimed to study the incorporation of ceramic residues of tiles crushed in the soilcement mixture in the manufacture of hollow blocks, justified by the amount of these wastes generated by the ceramic tile industry, with potential for recycling. This study aimed to determine a molding energy in laboratory compatible with that of the hydraulic presses of the factory. The DNER-ME 258:1994 test method compacted soils miniature equipment Mini-MCV were used , observing that it is possible to mold bodies of proof in laboratory with ASDM apparent specific dry mass compatible with that of the hollow blocks produced in the factory. Four lots of soil-cement hollow blocks were produced, whose tests allowed to choose the most appropriate mixture, the desired value of ASDM and the number of compatible blows. The ASDM of soil-cement bodies and the blocks were compared, and there was compatibility of values. To study mixtures with the RTA Recycled Tile Aggregate the optimization methodology of the volumes of materials was used in order to fill the gaps in the aggregate with compacted soil-cement. Starting from the gap indices of the aggregate containing cement and the pure aggregate the work began with two soil-cement aggregate mixtures. By projection, other mixtures resulted from these, which, after tests, allowed to select the most adequate. Using this one, hollow blocks were manufactured, whose test results met the standard with regard to strength, but not to water absorption. To reduce the absorption, a waterproofing additive, a stabilizer and an Aloe Vera extract were inserted in the mixture, whose bodies of proof tests registered values within the normative limits in 2 cases. Hollow blocks using the most favorable mix amount were produced, whose tests attended the strength requirements, but not the absorption ones. The results obtained indicate the feasibility of the methods, and that RTA can be used for manufacturing hollow blocks, although this depends on the pressing capability of the factory. / Esta pesquisa objetivou estudar a incorporação de resíduos de telhas cerâmicas britados na mistura solo cimento, para fabricação de blocos vazados, justificada pela quantidade desses resíduos gerados pelas indústrias de telhas cerâmicas, com potencial para reciclagem. Neste estudo procurou-se estabelecer uma energia de moldagem em laboratório compatível com a das prensas hidráulicas da fábrica. Utilizou-se o método de ensaio DNER-ME 258:1994 Solos compactados em equipamento miniatura Mini-MCV, observando-se que é possível moldar em laboratório corpos de prova com MEAS - massa específica aparente seca compatível com a dos blocos vazados produzidos na fábrica. Produziu-se 4 lotes de blocos vazados de solo cimento, cujos ensaios permitiram escolher a mistura mais adequada, o valor desejado da MEAS e o número de golpes compatível. Comparou-se as MEAS dos corpos de prova e dos blocos de solo cimento, houve compatibilidade de valores. Para o estudo das misturas com o ART - agregado reciclado de telha utilizou-se a metodologia de otimização dos volumes dos materiais, de forma a preencher os vazios do agregado com solo cimento compactado. A partir dos índices de vazios do agregado com cimento e do agregado puro iniciou-se o trabalho com duas misturas solo cimento agregado. Destas, por projeção resultaram outras misturas, que após ensaios permitiu selecionar a mais adequada. Com esta, fabricou-se blocos vazados cujos resultados dos ensaios atenderam a norma quanto à resistência, mas não quanto à absorção de água. Para reduzir a absorção, inseriu-se na mistura, aditivo impermeabilizante, estabilizante e extrato de Aloe vera, cujos ensaios dos corpos de prova acusaram valores dentro dos limites normativos para 2 casos. Produziu-se blocos vazados com a dosagem mais favorável, que ensaiados, atenderam aos requisitos de resistência, mas não de absorção. Os resultados obtidos indicam a viabilidade dos métodos e que o ART pode ser utilizado na fabricação de blocos vazados, mas depende da capacidade de prensagem da fábrica. / Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica

Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T15:01:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Christiane R de P Cavalcante.pdf: 2530151 bytes, checksum: c8418cc369a22584f8884d3a586e48ae (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-09-23 / The PET, tereftalato of ethylene, is the most known and appropriated material in the manufacture of several packings of nourishing products, specially the bottles of beverages. The correct management of the urban solid residues to the transformation into those which return to the use and the environment education are essential tasks to guarantee the exploitation of the complete useful life of this material and to prevent it on environmental focus. From the industrial point of view, the PET recycling in Brazil is still a recently activity. All around the country there are recycling industries, but they were created specially for environmental reasons. Although they became an important source of jobs and income. That s why, nowadays, recycling industries are considered an important social order factor. In Brazil, there are industries which transform the PET into roofing tiles for covering for drawing or injection. In this work, the main analyzed topic was the properties of the transparent roofing tiles of PET and other materials, the polycarbonate and the available fiberglass in the civil construction market through the main properties and relative parameters to the natural illumination, including its optic properties and the objective of the luminous and thermal comfort. Using the results of the spectrophotometer device, it was made a comparison among the studied materials in order to help the best choice of luminous and thermal comfort materials. PET, compared to the other studied materials, is not the best choice, even concerned to the price. However, for environmental solutions, the best way to use this solid waste recycling is the utilization of the PET as transparent roofing tiles, specially considering the amount of material all around rivers, scoots, attires, and so on. / O PET, tereftalato de etileno, é o material mais conhecido e apropriado na fabricação de várias embalagens de produtos alimentícios, entre as quais se destacam as garrafas de refrigerante. A correta gestão dos resíduos sólidos urbanos, com a transformação desses resíduos para o retorno ao uso, e a educação ambiental são tarefas essenciais para garantir o aproveitamento da totalidade da vida útil daquele material e evitar que seja ele o foco de contaminação ambiental. Do ponto de vista industrial, a reciclagem de PET no Brasil ainda é uma atividade recente. Há indústrias recicladoras em todo o território nacional criadas primordialmente para guarnecer uma questão ambiental, mas que culminou em uma questão de ordem social com geração de empregos e renda. No mercado existem no Brasil empresas que transformam o PET em telhas de cobertura por extrusão ou injeção. Neste trabalho foram analisadas as propriedades das telhas transparentes de PET e de outros materiais, o policarbonato e a fibra de vidro disponíveis no mercado da construção civil através das principais propriedades e parâmetros relativos à iluminação natural, incluindo suas propriedades óticas e com o objetivo do conforto lumínico e o térmico. Por meio dos resultados obtidos pelo uso do aparelho de espectrofotômetro, elaborou-se uma comparação entre os materiais estudados a fim de auxiliar na sua escolha, visando um melhor conforto lumínico e térmico. O PET não obteve o comportamento ansiado em comparação com os demais materiais estudados, também em relação ao custo pode-se observar que é mais onerosa a instalação do telhado de PET. Mas já em relação ao quesito de reaproveitamento de resíduos sólidos urbanos descartados no meio ambiente, o PET possui melhor desempenho uma vez que seu material se encontra em abundância e pode ser transformado e reaproveitado, amenizando o impacto ambiental.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T15:18:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao parte 1 Pammila Japiassu.pdf: 6094546 bytes, checksum: 79242a16f08c8b4ca8b8d6b2112d1cda (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-05-16 / The historical glazed tiles facades are an important luso-brazilian cultural expression that must be conserved and preserved. The bonding loss of glazed tiles to laying mortars is one of the most critical pathologic manifestations of this kind of coating. However, despite this importance, there‟s still a lack of studies about the bonding mechanism between this historical components. Accordingly, this dissertation proposed to perform an experimental and exploratory research, which the main objective is to give some contribution to the understanding of the ancient tile‟s bonding mechanism to the aerial lime-based mortar of historical buildings facade. For this, were analyzed samples of facade historical ceramic coating, between the late XIX and early XX century, of Ovar‟s buildings, in Portugal. In order to reproduce the historical bonding mechanism, were also analyzed ceramic coating applied in laboratory studying mortars of rehabilitation. In the first stage, were analyzed the ceramic coating and the mortars historic of three cases, as well was performed the interface‟s study between this two materials. In the second stage, were produced ceramic coatings in laboratory using tiles (similar to the historical ones) and four types of mortars of rehabilitation, composed by aerial lime, metakaolin and sand, varying the content of pozolana in 0%, 5%, 10% e 15%, replacement of lime in volume. In this stage, were characterized the tile, the raw materials of the mortar, and mortar in the fresh and hardened. Finally, yet was studied the interface between the glazed tile and the mortar of rehabilitation, in order to compare this one to the historical one. It was observed in the analysis of the historical ceramic coatings that the values of bond strength and of extension of bond were more related to the agregates granulometry than to the binder/aggregate of the laying mortars. In the case of the ceramic coatings molded in laboratory, it was found the influence of the metakaolin content in the rehabilitation mortars in bond strength. It was also observed a possible influence of the shape of the tile‟s back surface in the bonding of ceramic coatings. By the analysis in the SEM was identified the morphology of the products of carbonation and possible pozzolanic reactions in the studied mortars, that contributing to the increased bond strength of these materials. / Os azulejos históricos em fachada são uma importante expressão cultural luso-brasileira, que deve ser conservada e preservada. A perda de aderência dos azulejos à argamassa de assentamento é uma das manifestações patológicas mais graves desse tipo de revestimento. No entanto, apesar dessa importância, ainda existe uma carência de estudos sobre o mecanismo de aderência entre esses componentes históricos. Nesse sentido, essa dissertação se propôs a realizar uma pesquisa exploratória e experimental, cujo objetivo principal é dar contribuição ao entendimento do mecanismo de aderência dos azulejos antigos à argamassa à base de cal aérea de fachada de edificações históricas. Para tanto, foram analisadas amostras de revestimentos cerâmicos históricos de fachada, entre o final século XIX e início do século XX, de edificações de Ovar, em Portugal. No intuito de reproduzir o mecanismo de aderência histórico, foram analisados também revestimentos cerâmicos aplicados em laboratório estudando argamassas de reabilitação. Na primeira etapa, foram caracterizados os azulejos e as argamassas históricas de três casos, bem como realizado o estudo interface entre esses dois materiais. Na segunda etapa, foram produzidos revestimentos cerâmicos em laboratório utilizando azulejos (similares aos históricos) e quatro tipos de argamassas de reabilitação, compostas por cal aérea, metacaulim e areia, variando o teor de pozolana em 0%, 5%, 10% e 15%, de substituição da cal em volume. Nesta etapa, foram caracterizados o azulejo, as matérias-primas da argamassa, assim como argamassa no estado fresco e endurecido. Por fim, ainda foi estudada a interface entre o azulejo e a argamassa de reabilitação, visando compará-la com a histórica. Observou-se na análise dos revestimentos cerâmicos históricos que os valores de resistência de aderência e de extensão de aderência estavam mais relacionados à granulometria dos agregados do que à relação aglomerante/agregado das argamassas de assentamento. No caso dos revestimentos cerâmicos moldados em laboratório, constatou-se a influência do teor de metacaulim nas argamassas reabilitação na resistência de aderência. Foi observada também uma possível influência da muratura do tardoz do azulejo na aderência dos revestimentos cerâmicos. Pelas análises no MEV foi identificada a morfologia de produtos de carbonatação e de possíveis reações pozolânicas nas argamassas estudadas, que contribuem para o aumento da resistência de aderência dessas.

The thesis contains basic information about image documents digitalization. A brief list of common used standards in Czech republic is shown. The standards can be used in description of digitalized documents by institutions such as libraries, scientific departments and universities. The thesis specifically solves the dilemma of the preservation and the accessing of B.P.Molls large map collection stored in Moravian Library in Brno city. It analyses step by step the characteristics of the saved documents, style of their interlacing and data representation. In terms of deposition and manipulation it comes with description list of open-source digital libraries and it chooses the Fedora repository. It solves methods of object-model implementation while using this digital library. The functional parts are web presentation of the mentioned map collection and an effectiveness test showing large-scale maps using the flash Zoomify browser. Web presentation uses the repository services as often as possible, and thus allows searching and searching through the bibliographic records of the presented documents. The end of the thesis sums up the obtained results and presents the incoming development course of presentation and popularization of the map collection.

This thesis describes the design of the recreation grounds, which consists of a main building of a restaurant and six holiday cottages. The plot is also a tennis court. The restaurant is a two-storey building without a basement. All the cottages are single storey and cellar. Restaurants device is designed for a maximum capacity of 70 people. Total capacity of the entire complex is 30 beds. The restaurant is focused on the northern part of the land and buildings of six holiday cottages on the south side. Restaurant is designed as a brick structure with a contact insulating system. Partitions are designed as plasterboard. The ceiling is designed as a monolithic reinforced concrete slab. Part of the roof is designed as a pitch roof truss recognized. The largest area of flat roof occupies roof vegetation. Part of the restaurant is walk-terrace. The cottages are designed masonry with contact insulating system. Partitions are designed as plasterboard. Roofs are designed as counter recognized truss. The thesis contains drawings and technical documentation and it is composed as an implementation project.

This diploma thesis deals with proposals and measures aimed at enhancement of the competitiveness of the company Italská dlažba, which is engaged in import and subsequent sale of Italian pavement and tiles. The final proposals are underpinned by the results of the processed analyses, which are based on theoretical knowledge.

Title: Construction of elementary pupils' geometric schemas via motivating learning environments Author: Jaroslava Kloboučková Department: Department of mathematics and mathematics education Supervisor: doc. RNDr. Darina Jirotková, Ph.D. Abstract: The aim of the dissertation is to discuss teaching geometry as integral part of mathematics education at the primary school level. The thesis also documents a longitudinal teaching study which was initiated in 2010 and which gives us a base for discussion of some fundamental questions regarding the process of learning geometry for pupils in their early school years. The main objective here is to attempt to answer the following four didactic questions: In which way do pupils learn about geometrical objects? How do they share their geometrical knowledge, experience and discoveries with one another? How much (at what level) are they able to understand mathematical concepts that the official curricular documents (the Czech Framework for Education Program) place in later years of schooling? What phenomena are they able to grasp and describe using their mother tongue? The theoretical framework focuses on the learning process and the typology of mathematical problems in geometry. Four specific engaging environments (Cube Buildings, Origami, Wooden Sticks, and Tiles) and...

This thesis presents a case of study of the development and performance analysis of a surface grading application with real-time compliance. We address the issue of spatial and temporal uniformity in the acquisition system. In a surface grading application it is crucial to ensure the uniform response of the system through time and space. All the results presented for surface grading were obtained using real data from the ceramic tile industry. The VxC TSG database is public and can be accessed at www.disca.upv.es/vision/vxctsg. We present a method based on soft colour-texture descriptors computed in perceptually uniform colour spaces. The method is parameterized and the involved factors are studied using two statistical procedures; experimental design and logistic regression. Although it is not a new theoretical contribution, we have found and demonstrate that a simple set of global colour and texture statistics, together with well-known classifiers, are powerful enough to meet stringent factory requirements for real-time and performance. Also the method is compared with two other approaches from the scientific literature; Colour Histograms and Centile-LBP. Finally, we explore the method's capacity for on-line inspection in a study of real-time compliance and parallelization. / López García, F. (2005). Real-time surface grading of ceramic tiles [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/1909

[pt] A presente dissertação tem por objeto de estudo o acervo azulejar setecentista instalado no claustro e na sala do consistório do edifício dos irmãos franciscanos de Salvador, cujos programas iconográficos representam, respectivamente, cenas da Entrada festiva em Lisboa em homenagem ao casamento de D. José, então Príncipe do Brasil, com a Princesa da Astúrias Dona Maria Ana Vitória de Bourbon, ocorrida em 12 de fevereiro de 1729; e dez vistas do lado oriental da cidade de Lisboa. Embora se trate de um objeto de natureza pictórica de grande valor documental - já que constitui um registro único em suporte cerâmico da capital do Império antes do terremoto de 1755 - a tese se desenvolve na fronteira teórica da história da arte e da história cultural. O acervo azulejar é analisado enquanto uma representação simbólica inerente à cultura política barroca portuguesa prevalecente durante o reinado de D. João V. A pesquisa revela como o conjunto de azulejos desvia do padrão temático-iconográfico dos templos franciscanos da Escola Franciscana do Nordeste, em cuja azulejaria predominam temas religiosos. Também procura refletir sobre as especificidades das injunções persuasivas do poder monárquico joanino, que aliava a religião católica à grandiloquência do aparato cerimonial e representativo. No contexto da colônia, a instalação dos silhares no templo dos irmãos franciscanos, contendo cenas laicas referentes às efemérides reais, testemunham as relações privilegiadas entre o monarca e os membros da Ordem, oriundos da elite agrária local, principais contribuintes do imposto para o casamento real. / [en] This dissertation aims to study the Portuguese tiles in the cloisters and the consistory room of the building belonging to the Third Order of Franciscans in Salvador, Bahia, the iconography of which depicts, respectively, scenes of the festival (Entrada) held to celebrate the wedding of D José, Prince of Brazil, with Dona Maria Ana Vitoria de Bourbon, Princess of Asturias, on 12 February 1729, and ten views of the eastern part of the city of Lisbon. Although it deals with an object of a pictorial nature and one of great documentary value, since it constitutes a unique record in tiles of the capital of the Portuguese empire before the 1755 earthquake, the thesis seeks to locate itself on the theoretical frontier of the art history and of cultural history. The tiles are analysed as a symbolic representation of Portuguese baroque political culture during the reign of D. Joao V. The research reveals how these particular tiles deviate from the typical thematiciconographic model of Franciscan temples of the Northeastern Franciscan School in which tiles have predominantly had religious themes. The thesis also reflects on the specificities of joanine monarchical power, its persuasive practices which allied Catholic religion to grandiloquent ceremonial apparatus. In the context of the colony the installation of the tiles in the temple of the Franciscan brothers in Salvador, comprising secular scenes depicting the royal cerimonies, is an evidence of the privileged relationship between the Portuguese crown and the members of the Third Order, who were drawn from the local landowning elite and who were the principal contributors of the tax imposed for the royal wedding.

The territory in question for the design of architectural study is located in the city of Brno-Zidenice, cadastral area of Zidenice, on the left (east) bank of the river Svitava, 2 km east of the historic core. An area of about 4.1 ha is bounded on the south Bubenickova street, on the east side is street Kopernikova, Lazaretni is on the north and on the west side is nameless street, which currently serves as a handler - connecting. The subject of this diploma thesis is the architectural study of the design of the urban spatial structure with intensive use of city urban area, designed in pre-diploma project, which preceded diploma thesis. The meaning this proposal is to achieve higher densities while maintaining quality of life and living environment. The shape of the object´s ground plan based on the area. The shape defined Bubenickova street from the south side and street Kopernikova defined the shape from the east side, which are themselves almost perpendicular. Also the shape is parallel with a very important point territory - the urban spa (architect B. Fuchs, 1931), which is adjacent to the proposed facility and the stresses their importance in terms of architecture. The spatial resolution respects the surrounding buildings. The aim is to release the most western part, which is defined for parking, urban public transportation, entrances to underground garages and green areas. Green area is also located in the northern part of the territory where it is created park with a water feature and tangled hiking trails. From the western and eastern parts of the object is tree-lined because the object is very the close to the surrounding streets. The object is for vehicular traffic completely closed and is only for pedestrians. But it also has a public plaza with green areas and water features for relaxation and wellbeing.