Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-10T19:25:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Celso Schowld.pdf: 428308 bytes, checksum: 2d9b139555599dcf4d093b43043cb895 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-07-13 / The implantation of projects of Irrigation in agricultural properties has busy significant space in the productive process of Brazilian agriculture. Despite the advantages that the technique demand, becomes necessary to consider the economic return of the investment applied for the implantation of the irrigation project, as also to know the practical ones of production, the availability of workmanship hand and the specified of the agriculturist in each project. With intention to foment this lack, this work had as objective to evaluate the partnereconomic implantation of irrigation systems and its economic viability and benefits, in small properties, the region west of the state of the Paraná, presenting methods for the financial evaluation of these projects and demonstrating as to analyze an irrigation project and if this is viable or not. With the diagnosis we can conclude that the lack of experience of the producers was determinative in the results; the TIR was of 44%a.a.;25%a.a. e 11%a.a.; the TR was minor who 2; 3 and 3 years, for the cultures of the tomatoe, strawberry and watermelon, respectively; the culture of the broccolis and cucumber could not economically be evaluated. / A implantação de projetos de irrigação em propriedades agrícolas tem ocupado espaço significativo no processo produtivo da agricultura brasileira. Apesar das vantagens que a técnica demanda, torna-se necessário considerar o retorno econômico do investimento aplicado para a implantação do projeto de irrigação, como também conhecer as práticas de produção, a disponibilidade de mão de obra e as especificidades do agricultor em cada projeto. Com o intuito de fomentar essa carência, esse trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a implantação de sistemas de irrigação e sua viabilidade econômica e benefícios sócioeconômicos, em pequenas propriedades, na região oeste do estado do Paraná, apresentando métodos para a avaliação financeira desses projetos, demonstrando como analisar um projeto de irrigação e se este é viável ou não. Com o diagnóstico podemos concluir que a falta de experiência dos produtores foi determinante nos resultados; a TIR foi de 44%a.a.;25%a.a. e 11%a.a.; a TR foi menor que 2; 3 e 3 anos, para as culturas do tomate, morango e melancia, respectivamente; a cultura do brócolis e pepino não puderem ser avaliados economicamente.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-12T14:48:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Celso Schowld.pdf: 428308 bytes, checksum: 2d9b139555599dcf4d093b43043cb895 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-07-13 / The implantation of projects of Irrigation in agricultural properties has busy significant space in the productive process of Brazilian agriculture. Despite the advantages that the technique demand, becomes necessary to consider the economic return of the investment applied for the implantation of the irrigation project, as also to know the practical ones of production, the availability of workmanship hand and the specified of the agriculturist in each project. With intention to foment this lack, this work had as objective to evaluate the partnereconomic implantation of irrigation systems and its economic viability and benefits, in small properties, the region west of the state of the Paraná, presenting methods for the financial evaluation of these projects and demonstrating as to analyze an irrigation project and if this is viable or not. With the diagnosis we can conclude that the lack of experience of the producers was determinative in the results; the TIR was of 44%a.a.;25%a.a. e 11%a.a.; the TR was minor who 2; 3 and 3 years, for the cultures of the tomatoe, strawberry and watermelon, respectively; the culture of the broccolis and cucumber could not economically be evaluated. / A implantação de projetos de irrigação em propriedades agrícolas tem ocupado espaço significativo no processo produtivo da agricultura brasileira. Apesar das vantagens que a técnica demanda, torna-se necessário considerar o retorno econômico do investimento aplicado para a implantação do projeto de irrigação, como também conhecer as práticas de produção, a disponibilidade de mão de obra e as especificidades do agricultor em cada projeto. Com o intuito de fomentar essa carência, esse trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a implantação de sistemas de irrigação e sua viabilidade econômica e benefícios sócioeconômicos, em pequenas propriedades, na região oeste do estado do Paraná, apresentando métodos para a avaliação financeira desses projetos, demonstrando como analisar um projeto de irrigação e se este é viável ou não. Com o diagnóstico podemos concluir que a falta de experiência dos produtores foi determinante nos resultados; a TIR foi de 44%a.a.;25%a.a. e 11%a.a.; a TR foi menor que 2; 3 e 3 anos, para as culturas do tomate, morango e melancia, respectivamente; a cultura do brócolis e pepino não puderem ser avaliados economicamente.

Little is known about time to return to work (TRTW) following planned medical events. This study was a secondary analysis (n=94) to determine predictors of time to return to work following a total knee replacement for osteoarthritis. Significant predictors of delayed TRTW following a knee replacement: 1) use of workplace modifications (in 6wks vs 5 wks) and 2) poor physical function (in 7wks vs 6 wks). These findings have large implications for workers undergoing knee replacement, orthopedic clinicians, and occupational health nurses.

This thesis consists of four self-contained papers related to the change of market structure and the quality of equity market. In Paper [I] we found, by using of a Flexible Dynamic Component Correlations (FDCC) model, that the creation of a common cross-border stock trading platform has increased the long-run trends in conditional correlations between foreign and domestic stock market returns. In Paper [II] we study whether the creation of a uniform Nordic and Baltic stock trading platform has affected weak-form information efficiency. The results indicate that the stock market consolidations have had a positive effect on the information efficiency and turnover for an average firm. The merger effects are, however, asymmetrically distributed in the sense that relatively large (small) firms located on relatively large (small) markets experience an improved (reduced) information efficiency and turnover. Although the results indicate that changes in the level of investor attention (measured by turnover) may explain part of the changes in information efficiency, they also lend support to the hypothesis that merger effects may partially be driven by changes in the composition of informed versus uninformed investors following a stock. Paper [III] analyzes whether the measured level of trust in different countries can explain bilateral stock market correlations. One finding is that generalized trust among nations is a robust predictor for stock market correlations. Another is that the trust effect is larger for countries which are close to each other. This indicates that distance mitigates the trust effect. Finally, we confirm the effect of trust upon stock market correlations, by using particular trust data (bilateral trust between country A and country B) as an alternative measurement of trust. In Paper [IV] we present the impact of the stock market mergers that took place in the Nordic countries during 2000 – 2007 on the probabilities for stock price jumps, i.e. for relatively extreme price movements. The main finding is that stock market mergers, on average, reduce the likelihood of observing stock price jumps. The effects are asymmetric in the sense that the probability of sudden price jumps is reduced for large and medium size firms whereas the effect is ambiguous for small size firms. The results also indicate that the market risk has been reduced after the stock market consolidations took place.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-10T19:25:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Anderson Coldebella.pdf: 3099764 bytes, checksum: d62674c1adb9dfbfbdf63d0ce7fcd744 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-07-20 / The present work had as an objective to evaluate the viability of the use of biogas proceeding from the activities of bovine culture of milk and swine culture in sets motor generator and motor bomb to the irrigation in agricultural properties. The experiment was done in the city of Toledo/PR, in two different properties, one with its activities directed to the bovine culture of milk with 130 animals in a regimen of confinement and the other property with its activities directed to the swine culture, working as a pig producer unit with a breeding of 1,000 breeders. Both of the properties use biodigestors to the treatment of the generated effluents and they have as byproducts the biogas and the biofertilizer. To establish the consumption of biogas per HP/hour it was used a compressor to supply a bag named gas-tank. With the amount of biogas known inside the gas-tank, it was connected to the engines, which remained working until the consumption of all the biogas. To the biogas from the bovine culture the consumption was of 0,981 m3/HP/hour to the set of motor bomb and of 2,77 m3/HP/hour to the set of motor generator, while that for the biogas from swine culture the consumption was of 1,113 m3 /HP/hour and 0,791 m3/HP/hour to motor generator and motor bomb respectively. The efficiency to the power production was of 4.14% to the biogas from bovines and of 10,3% to the biogas from swines. Considering the time of amortization of 10 years, the cost of the biogas was of R$ 0,229 / m3 for bovines and of 0,063 / m3 for swines. The cost of the electrical power generated is related to the applying of the capacity of the plan and to the cost of biogas, to the biogas from the bovine culture the cost of the generated power was of R$ 465,07/MWh and to the biogas from swine culture the cost was of R$ 90,86/MWh, considering that both of the plans be operating fir 10 hours a day. The time of return for the investment depends on the initial investment and on the price of the electric power charged by the power company, with a tariff of R$ 300,00/MWh operating the generation system for four hours a day and considering the economy generated with the irrigation system, the time of return found was of 4.3 and 6.7 years to bovines and swines respectively. Besides that, the biofertilizer generated from bovines can fertilize 37 hectares a year and the biofertilizer generated from swines can fertilize 480 hectares a year. Despite the low levels of efficiency to power generation, the time of investment return is reasonable and it can become shorter if the economy generated by the use of the biofertilizer is considered. / O presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a viabilidade do uso do biogás proveniente das atividades de bovinocultura de leite e suinocultura em conjuntos motor gerador e motor bomba para irrigação em propriedades rurais. O experimento foi realizado no município de Toledo/PR, em duas propriedades, uma com as atividades voltadas para bovinocultura de leite com 130 cabeças em regime de confinamento e outra com as atividades voltadas a suinocultura trabalhando como unidade produtora de leitões com um plantel de 1.000 matrizes. Ambas as propriedades utilizam biodigestores para tratamento dos efluentes gerados e tem como subprodutos o biogás e o biofertilizante. Para determinar o consumo de biogás por HP/hora foi utilizado um compressor para abastecer uma bolsa denominada de gasômetro. Com a quantidade de biogás conhecida dentro do gasômetro o mesmo foi conectado aos motores que permaneceram em funcionamento até consumir todo biogás. Para o biogás da bovinocultura o consumo foi de 0,981m³/HP/hora para o conjunto motor bomba e de 2,77m³/HP/hora para o conjunto motor gerador, enquanto que para o biogás de suinocultura o consumo foi de 1,113m³/HP/hora e 0,791m³/HP/hora para gerador e bomba respectivamente. A eficiência para produção de energia foi de 4,14% para o biogás de bovinos e de 10,3% para o biogás de suínos. Considerando o tempo de amortização de 10 anos o custo do biogás foi de R$ 0,229 por m³ para bovinos e de R$ 0,063 por m³ para suínos. O custo da energia elétrica gerada está em função do aproveitamento da capacidade da planta e do custo do biogás, para o biogás da bovinocultura o custo da energia gerada foi de R$ 465,07 por MWh e para o biogás de suinocultura o custo foi de R$ 90,86 por MWh considerando que ambas as plantas estejam operando durante 10 horas diárias. O tempo de retorno do investimento depende do investimento inicial e do valor da tarifa de energia elétrica cobrada pela concessionária, com uma tarifa de R$ 300,00 por MWh operando o sistema de geração por 4 horas diárias e considerando a economia gerada com o sistema de irrigação o tempo de retorno encontrado foi de 4,3 e 6,7 anos para bovinos e suínos respectivamente. Além disso, o biofertilizante gerado pelos bovinos pode fertilizar 37 ha/ano e o gerado pelos suínos 480 ha/ano. Apesar dos baixos níveis de eficiência para geração de energia o tempo de retorno do investimento é razoável e pode se tornar menor se for considerada a economia gerada pelo uso do biofertilizante.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-12T14:48:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Anderson Coldebella.pdf: 3099764 bytes, checksum: d62674c1adb9dfbfbdf63d0ce7fcd744 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-07-20 / The present work had as an objective to evaluate the viability of the use of biogas proceeding from the activities of bovine culture of milk and swine culture in sets motor generator and motor bomb to the irrigation in agricultural properties. The experiment was done in the city of Toledo/PR, in two different properties, one with its activities directed to the bovine culture of milk with 130 animals in a regimen of confinement and the other property with its activities directed to the swine culture, working as a pig producer unit with a breeding of 1,000 breeders. Both of the properties use biodigestors to the treatment of the generated effluents and they have as byproducts the biogas and the biofertilizer. To establish the consumption of biogas per HP/hour it was used a compressor to supply a bag named gas-tank. With the amount of biogas known inside the gas-tank, it was connected to the engines, which remained working until the consumption of all the biogas. To the biogas from the bovine culture the consumption was of 0,981 m3/HP/hour to the set of motor bomb and of 2,77 m3/HP/hour to the set of motor generator, while that for the biogas from swine culture the consumption was of 1,113 m3 /HP/hour and 0,791 m3/HP/hour to motor generator and motor bomb respectively. The efficiency to the power production was of 4.14% to the biogas from bovines and of 10,3% to the biogas from swines. Considering the time of amortization of 10 years, the cost of the biogas was of R$ 0,229 / m3 for bovines and of 0,063 / m3 for swines. The cost of the electrical power generated is related to the applying of the capacity of the plan and to the cost of biogas, to the biogas from the bovine culture the cost of the generated power was of R$ 465,07/MWh and to the biogas from swine culture the cost was of R$ 90,86/MWh, considering that both of the plans be operating fir 10 hours a day. The time of return for the investment depends on the initial investment and on the price of the electric power charged by the power company, with a tariff of R$ 300,00/MWh operating the generation system for four hours a day and considering the economy generated with the irrigation system, the time of return found was of 4.3 and 6.7 years to bovines and swines respectively. Besides that, the biofertilizer generated from bovines can fertilize 37 hectares a year and the biofertilizer generated from swines can fertilize 480 hectares a year. Despite the low levels of efficiency to power generation, the time of investment return is reasonable and it can become shorter if the economy generated by the use of the biofertilizer is considered. / O presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a viabilidade do uso do biogás proveniente das atividades de bovinocultura de leite e suinocultura em conjuntos motor gerador e motor bomba para irrigação em propriedades rurais. O experimento foi realizado no município de Toledo/PR, em duas propriedades, uma com as atividades voltadas para bovinocultura de leite com 130 cabeças em regime de confinamento e outra com as atividades voltadas a suinocultura trabalhando como unidade produtora de leitões com um plantel de 1.000 matrizes. Ambas as propriedades utilizam biodigestores para tratamento dos efluentes gerados e tem como subprodutos o biogás e o biofertilizante. Para determinar o consumo de biogás por HP/hora foi utilizado um compressor para abastecer uma bolsa denominada de gasômetro. Com a quantidade de biogás conhecida dentro do gasômetro o mesmo foi conectado aos motores que permaneceram em funcionamento até consumir todo biogás. Para o biogás da bovinocultura o consumo foi de 0,981m³/HP/hora para o conjunto motor bomba e de 2,77m³/HP/hora para o conjunto motor gerador, enquanto que para o biogás de suinocultura o consumo foi de 1,113m³/HP/hora e 0,791m³/HP/hora para gerador e bomba respectivamente. A eficiência para produção de energia foi de 4,14% para o biogás de bovinos e de 10,3% para o biogás de suínos. Considerando o tempo de amortização de 10 anos o custo do biogás foi de R$ 0,229 por m³ para bovinos e de R$ 0,063 por m³ para suínos. O custo da energia elétrica gerada está em função do aproveitamento da capacidade da planta e do custo do biogás, para o biogás da bovinocultura o custo da energia gerada foi de R$ 465,07 por MWh e para o biogás de suinocultura o custo foi de R$ 90,86 por MWh considerando que ambas as plantas estejam operando durante 10 horas diárias. O tempo de retorno do investimento depende do investimento inicial e do valor da tarifa de energia elétrica cobrada pela concessionária, com uma tarifa de R$ 300,00 por MWh operando o sistema de geração por 4 horas diárias e considerando a economia gerada com o sistema de irrigação o tempo de retorno encontrado foi de 4,3 e 6,7 anos para bovinos e suínos respectivamente. Além disso, o biofertilizante gerado pelos bovinos pode fertilizar 37 ha/ano e o gerado pelos suínos 480 ha/ano. Apesar dos baixos níveis de eficiência para geração de energia o tempo de retorno do investimento é razoável e pode se tornar menor se for considerada a economia gerada pelo uso do biofertilizante.

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