行動應用程式App開發時相當注重於使用者體驗。利用原型進行測試以收集使用者回饋，根據回饋改善原型再進行原型測試，此過程稱之為Iterative Design Process。本研究從前測與訪談中得知設計師偏好使用線稿式的設計手法做出紙面原型，經過數次上述的循環後再轉換成互動式原型；在反覆設計/重構原型與進行使用者測試的過程中，累積了許多的資料需要被記錄與分析，但目前尚未有服務能支援Iterative Design Process中各個階段的需求。 本研究提出了一套能加快設計流程的線稿式原型設計工具「Xketch」。在原型設計階段，設計師可透過繪製筆畫指令的方式生成元件與設定頁面、元件間的互動行為；當原型設計完成後可以直接發佈給受測者。在原型測試階段時，系統會同步記錄受測者的操作過程與think-aloud口述資料。最後，將收集到資料透過時間軸介面重現以協助團隊分析與討論。本研究認為Xketch能有效幫助行動應用程式App的開發過程，加速Iterative Design Process的循環。 第一版Xketch的開發目的著重於原型設計階段，設計師可利用筆畫指令生成對應的元件與互動行為，並透過Storyboard設定與檢視原型的使用流程。受測者認為Xketch整體的操作簡易、容易學習，也相當認同使用線稿圖案作為筆畫指令的概念，並認為Xketch能有效幫助設計師快速製作出互動式原型。最後，本研究將分析受測者操作記錄並搭配訪談回饋總結Xketch的實驗結果與討論，探討未來Xketch在原型設計的改善方向。 / Iterative Design Process plays a great role for developing mobile applications with great user experience. Designers create prototypes to collect user feedback and use those feedbacks to improve designs and prototypes for further iterations and testings. From our initial studies, we found out designers tend to use sketch based paper prototypes as their initial prototyping method. Designers go through rounds of paper prototyping, testing and iterations, before moving on to create digital interactive prototypes. During this process, there are a lot of information needs to be recorded and analyzed for the iteration loop. However, no integrated service yet can streamlined designers’ process of creating prototypes, recording testing sessions, and analyzing results. We developed “Xketch”, a sketch-based mobile application development tool for iterative designs and testings. First, designers can use the sketching interface on Xketch to rapidly prototype UI modules and interactions. Designers then can distribute the prototypes through Xketch to testers. During testing sessions, Xketch’s testing environment will record user behavior data and think aloud audios. At last, the collected data will be presented on Xketch’s timeline interface for feedback analysis. We envision Xketch to streamline and optimize the iterative design process when designers design mobile applications. The first version of Xketch contains major features for the prototyping phase. Designers can use simple sketching gestures to generate corresponding on-screen UI modules, and configure interactions of those components. Moreover, designers can also create and review interaction flows through storyboard settings. From our testing for Xketch, participants indicate that Xkecth is easy to use and learn. They also found the concept of using sketching gestures to generate on-screen UI module intuitive. Overall, participants think that Xketch can help them create prototype rapidly and intuitively. To improve for Xketch, we recorded participants’ usage behavior and accompanied with user interviews to give us a holistic view on the future iterative direction for Xketch.

Documentation is often the first source, which can help user to solve problems or provide conditions of use of some product. That is why it should be clear and understandable. But what does “understandable” mean? And how to detect whether some text is unclear? And this thesis can answer on those questions.The main idea of current work is to measure clarity of the text information using natural language processing capabilities. There are three global steps to achieve this goal: to define criteria of bad clarity of text information, to evaluate different natural language toolkits and find suitable for us, and to implement a prototype system that, given a text, measures text clarity.Current thesis project is planned to be included to VizzAnalyzer (quality analysis tool, which processes information on structure level) and its main task is to perform a clarity analysis of text information extracted by VizzAnalyzer from different XML-files.

De nouveaux produits et services jouissent aujourd'hui d'un succès surprenant, alors qu'ils ne s'intègrent pas dans les canons traditionnels de l'innovation. Sans proposer de ruptures technologiques ni d'usages clairement identifiés, ces biens suscitent toutefois une large exploration d'usages nouveaux et inconnus, à l'image du service web Twitter ou du téléphone iPhone qui viennent bouleverser les pratiques quotidiennes de leurs usagers dans de nombreux domaines, y compris professionnels.La littérature apporte des réponses partielles aux enjeux soulevés par cette classe de biens, mais semble limitée par une vision des biens comme systèmes de découplages de la conception d'usages : celle-ci aurait lieu au sein de la firme par des approches de type analyse d'usage ou bien auprès d'usagers-concepteurs très compétents.Nous proposons ici une théorie qui veut intégrer ces différents apports tout en soulevant les hypothèses que nous jugeons trop restrictives sur les usagers, les biens et leurs rapports à la conception d'usage. Ce projet nous amène à rediscuter la notion de biens pour les considérer comme des espaces de conception d'usages, à destination d'acteurs à la fois usagers et concepteurs.Ce nouveau paradigme suppose en revanche de réinterroger le rôle de la firme dans l'organisation de cette action collective de conception d'usages. La confrontation de notre modèle théorique à trois études de cas révèle que les succès que l'on connait aujourd'hui reposent sur une organisation sophistiquée des relations entre la firme et ses usagers concepteurs, ainsi qu'une ingénierie spécifique de dispositifs de conception, de formation et de coordination. / De nouveaux produits et services jouissent aujourd'hui d'un succès surprenant, alors qu'ils ne s'intègrent pas dans les canons traditionnels de l'innovation. Sans proposer de ruptures technologiques ni d'usages clairement identifiés, ces biens suscitent toutefois une large exploration d'usages nouveaux et inconnus, à l'image du service web Twitter ou du téléphone iPhone qui viennent bouleverser les pratiques quotidiennes de leurs usagers dans de nombreux domaines, y compris professionnels.La littérature apporte des réponses partielles aux enjeux soulevés par cette classe de biens, mais semble limitée par une vision des biens comme systèmes de découplages de la conception d'usages : celle-ci aurait lieu au sein de la firme par des approches de type analyse d'usage ou bien auprès d'usagers-concepteurs très compétents.Nous proposons ici une théorie qui veut intégrer ces différents apports tout en soulevant les hypothèses que nous jugeons trop restrictives sur les usagers, les biens et leurs rapports à la conception d'usage. Ce projet nous amène à rediscuter de la notion de biens pour les considérer comme des espaces de conception d'usages, à destination d'acteurs à la fois usagers et concepteurs.Ce nouveau paradigme suppose en revanche de réinterroger le rôle de la firme dans l'organisation de cette action collective de conception d'usages. La confrontation de notre modèle théorique à trois études de cas révèle que les succès que l'on connait aujourd'hui reposent sur une organisation sophistiquée des relations entre la firme et ses usagers concepteurs, ainsi qu'une ingénierie spécifique de dispositifs de conception, de formation et de coordination.

近年互動設計、產品設計、設計思考等學門，無不重視原型設計，透過使用者快速的測試回饋，反覆修正，使產品更符合使用者的需求。如今科技產品不斷推陳出新，與無所不在運算的普及，科技產品以及感知互動的服務與日俱增；設計團隊須了解電子電機相關技術，以完成各種測試原型。但對於一般的設計師而言，必須額外費時學習電路設計、焊接與程式設計等專業技術，已成為原型製作的一項門檻。 許多研究學者注意到這樣的需求，針對不同的使用族群發展各種電子電路創作工具，希望降低互動產品的創作門檻，舉凡Arduino、Phidgets與Gadgeteer等，但使用者仍須具備基本電路知識或參與訓練課程；近兩年推出的Littlebits與Atoms選擇捨去電路設計、焊接與程式設計的過程，讓沒有電子電路經驗的使用者也可輕易使用，卻降低了創作時的彈性，侷限了原型製作的變化性。 本研究將針對非電子相關背景的設計師，設計一套電子電路創作工具 「Rapid Prototype」，藉由分析過去電子電路創作工具的使用族群與設計思維，結合電子電路物件與智慧型載具，設計一套圖型化編輯器，透過物件順序的編排，及物件行為的選擇，快速製作出原型產品，降低設計師學習門檻及提昇創作自由度。 本研究原型設計工具，有以下功能： • 增加智慧型載具的支援：智慧型載具提供圖型化的編輯器與電子電路互動模組結合增加製作彈性。 • 降低學習門檻：降低電子電路相關知識需求，且透過圖形化編輯比傳統程式語言更容易學習。 • 擴展創作空間：核心物件與行動載具無線溝通，減少距離限制。 • 分析使用經驗：分析使用者在電子電路互動模組的使用經驗與操作，作為未來電子電路原型製作工具的參考。 / As the demands for interaction design with electronics increase, it is necessary for design groups to understand the technology related to electronic and electrical engineering in order to produce different kinds of prototypes. However, there is a large gap between concept design and prototyping. Designers have to spend a lot of time to learn electrical circuit design, welding, programming, and other professional skills. More researchers have noticed the aforementioned demands and have thus developed various creative tools for use by different groups working in this field in the hopes of lowering the degree of creativity required for interactive products. This has already been seen in Arduino, Phidgets, Gadgeteer products and so on. These toolkits are target on developers that have basic knowledge on electronics and programming. In the last two years, meanwhile, Littlebits and Atoms have decided to abandon the need for designing electrical circuits, welding, programming, and other sophisticated processes. Instead, they have opened the way for young people to be able to use their tools easily, despite the fact that doing so has also limited flexibility in terms of the creativity and variability of prototypes. In this thesis, we present RapidPrototype: a tool for designers without electronic engineering backgrounds and programming skill. By using RapidPrototype, users can transform their creative ideas into a workable prototype easily and quickly. In addition, the study sought to determine how RapidPrototype combines with electronic and electrical circuit objects, visual programming toolkit, and tools that practically meet designers’ demands to enhance the degree of freedom in terms of creativity and lowering the basic skills demanded.

Mobile applications are an important but fast changing piece of the digital forensics’ world. For mobile forensics researchers and field analysts, it is hard to keep up with the pace of the ever-changing world of the newest and most popular applications teens are using. Mobile forensic tools are quickly becoming more and more supportive of new applications, but with how quickly apps are changing and new ones being released, it is still difficult for the tools to keep up. The research question for this project examines to what extent digital forensic tools support new and emerging applications seen recently in investigations involving teenagers? For this research, a survey was conducted asking digital forensic analysts, and others who investigate digital crimes, what applications they are coming across most frequently during investigations involving teens and whether those applications are being supported by forensic tools. The top three applications from the survey that were not supported by mobile forensic tools, Monkey, Houseparty, and Likee were populated onto a test device and then evaluated and analyzed to see what forensic artifacts were found in those applications. The mobile application artifacts were then compared on two different forensic tools to see which tool obtains the most forensic artifacts from the applications. Through the examination and analysis of the applications and data contained within the apps, it was determined that 61% of the populated forensic artifacts were recovered manually and only 45% were recovered by a forensic tool for the Monkey application. 100% of the populated forensic artifacts were recovered manually and only 29% were recovered by a forensic tool for the Houseparty application. 42% of the populated forensic artifacts were recovered manually and only 3% were recovered by a forensic tool for the Likee application. It was found that the extent of support from digital forensic tools for these types of applications depends greatly on how the application stores the artifacts, but the artifact extraction support was limited for all applications. This research benefits in helping researchers and analysts by understanding the data and artifacts contained within the applications, what forensic artifacts are recoverable, and where to find those important artifacts. This research can help in finding important evidence for future investigations.<br>