Inaug.-Diss.--Leipzig, 1934. / Lebenslauf. "Verzeichnis der benutzten Literatur": p. 67-75.

Inaug.-Diss.--Leipzig, 1934. / Lebenslauf. "Verzeichnis der benutzten Literatur": p. 67-75.

Akademisk avhandling --Stockholms högskola. / Extra t.p., with thesis statement, inserted. Errata slip inserted. Summary in English. Bibliography; p. 176-193.

Thesis--Princeton University. / Includes bibliographical references.

Diss. / Literaturverzeichnis, p. [105]-106.

Gegenstand der Publikation ist eine Art der Transmigration, die nicht, wie in der bisherigen Forschungsliteratur aufgezeigt, durch die Überbrückung des Wohlstandsgefälles entsteht, sondern durch die Verwirklichung eines bestimmten Lebensstils. In mehreren Interviews mit drei Seglern, die – neben der Teilnahme an internationalen Regatten – aus Sets verschiedener Motive zwischen Neuseeland und Europa pendeln, wird deren Lebenswelt als "Long distance-Transmigranten" dargestellt und miteinander verglichen. Im theoretischen Teil werden die Befunde der Fallstudie in die wissenschaftliche Debatte eingeordnet. Ein Abriss zur Kritik sowie die Konsequenzen dieser für die Arbeit werden gezogen. Der Nachweis, dass die untersuchten Probanden "Sonderfälle" darstellen, wird erbracht und die Einführung eines eigenen wissenschaftlichen Begriffes für dieses neue Migrationsphänomen erfolgt. Obgleich diese Studie auf einer relativ schmalen empirischen Basis erwachsen ist, zeichnet sie sich durch das innovative Vorgehen der Autorin aus.

Mémoire : Histoire : Paris, EPHE : 1979. / Relié avec : Histoire du cycle de la naissance et de la mort. Mémoire présenté à l'École pratique des hautes études de Paris en 1979. Contient le texte traduit de "Histoire du cycle de la naissance et de la mort", "Skye çi 'khor ba'i čhos kyi yige" et la reprod. en fac-sim. du ms. tibétain. Bibliogr. p. 91-93.

Neutrophil (PMN) inflammatory functions, including cell adhesion, diapedesis, and phagocyto-sis, are dependent on the mobilization and release of various intracellular granules/vesicles. In this study, I found that treating PMN with damnacanthal, a Ras family GTPase inhibitor, resulted in a specific release of secondary granules, but not primary or tertiary granules, and caused dy-sregulation of PMN chemotactic transmigration and cell surface protein interactions. Analysis of the activities of Ras members identified Ral GTPase as a key regulator during PMN activation and degranulation. In particular, Ral was active in freshly isolated PMN, while chemoattractant stimulation induced a quick deactivation of Ral that correlated with PMN degranulation. Over-expression of a constitutively active Ral (Ral23V) in PMN inhibited chemoattractant-induced secondary granule release. By subcellular fractionation, I found that Ral, which was associatedwith the plasma membrane under the resting condition, was redistributed to secondary granules after chemoattractant stimulation. Blockage of cell endocytosis appeared to inhibit Ral transloca-tion intracellularly. In conclusion, these results demonstrate that Ral is a critical regulator in PMN that specifically controls secondary granule release during PMN response to chemoattrac-tant stimulation.

Dans notre étude, nous nous intéressons aux personnes âgées originaires du Maghreb qui vivent en France, pendant leur retraite, après avoir immigrés et continuent à vivre en foyer SONACOTRA (devenue ADOMA). Plus spécifiquement, nous avons sélectionné des hommes considérés comme isolés car bien que mariés dans leur pays d’origine, avec à leur charge femme et enfants, ils ont une vie de célibataire, ici, en France.Nous avons utilisé l’entretien semi-directif et l’Echelle Dépressive Gériatrique comme outils d’évaluation. Nous avons sélectionné six foyers dans la région Rhône-Alpes pour leur pourcentage élevé de maghrébins parmi leurs résidents. Les entretiens se sont déroulés de Février 2007 à Mars 2009.La passation de l’échelle de dépression gériatrique a eu lieu une semaine avant leur départ pour le pays d’origine et une semaine après leur retour. Elle a permis de confirmer l’importance de la dépression dans notre échantillon. Et, une diminution des scores (donc une amélioration de la thymie) entre les deux passations est notée pour la majorité des sujets. A partir de cette simple observation, nous pouvons déduire que les voyages au pays d’origine ont un effet revalorisant sur ces hommes comme nous l’avions émis dans nos hypothèses.Il apparait, à ce propos, que c’est la réussite d’un projet, au pays d’origine qui a un effet positif sur leur moral. Ce faisant ils ont recréé un ancrage professionnel dans leur pays au moment où celui-ci est perdu, en France. Cette réalisation est, de plus, l’aboutissement du projet d’origine puisque leur but premier était de travailler, ici, pour construire là-bas. / In our study, we are interested in the elderly people originating in the Maghreb who live in France, during their retirement, after having immigrant and continue to live in hearth SONACOTRA (become ADOMA). More specifically, we selected men considered as isolated because although married in their country of origin, with the responsability a woman and children, they have a single life, here, in France.We used semi-directing maintenance and the Geriatric Depressive Scale as evaluation tools. We selected six hearths in the Rhône-Alpes area for their high percentage of Maghrebians among their residents. The talks proceeded from February 2007 to March 2009.The signing of the scale of geriatric depression took place one week before their departure for the country of origin and one week after their return. It allowed to confirm the importance of the depression in our sample. And, a decrease of the scores (thus an improvement of the thymie) between both signings is noted for the majority of the subjects. From this simple observation, we can deduce that the journeys in the country of origin have an effect's revalorizing on these men as we had emitted it in our hypothese. It appears, on this subject, that it is the success of a project, in the country of origin which has a positive effect on their moral. By doing this they recreated an anchoring professional's in their country at the time when this one is lost, in France. This realization is, moreover, the result of the project of origin since their primary goal was to work, here, to build over there.

Lymphocytes from patients with B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) express large numbers of P2X7 receptors for extracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Activation of P2X7 receptors induces multiple downstream effects, of which the best documented is the opening of an ionic channel that is selective for divalent cations. Another effect of ATP is to induce the shedding of L-selectin (CD62L), a molecule which is involved in the adhesive interactions of lymphocytes on endothelial cells. High levels of soluble L-selectin and CD23 are found in the serum of patients with B-CLL, although the mechanisms involved in their production are poorly characterized. Because extracellular ATP causes shedding of L-selectin, we studied the effect of ATP on shedding of CD23, an adhesion molecule expressed on the surface of B-CLL lymphocytes. ATP induced the shedding of CD23 at an initial rate of 12% of that for L-selectin, while the EC50 of ATP (35 uM) and BzATP (10 uM) was identical for shedding of both molecules. Inactivation of the P2X7 receptor by pre-incubation with OxATP, an irreversible inhibitor of P2X7 purinoceptor, abolished ATP-induced shedding of both molecules. Moreover, KN-62, the most potent inhibitor for the P2X7 receptor inhibited ATP-induced shedding of both CD23 and L-selectin with the same IC50 (12 nM). Ro 31-9790, a membrane permeant zinc chelator which inhibits the phorbol-ester stimulated shedding of L-selectin also inhibited shedding of CD23 from B-CLL lymphocytes, but the IC50 was different for the two shed molecules (25 versus 1 ug/ml respectively). Although L-selectin was completely shed by incubation of cells with phorbol-ester no CD23 was lost under these conditions. Also, Ca2+ inhibits ATP-induced CD23 shedding but not L-selectin shedding. Since soluble CD23 and L-selectin are found in the serum of normal subjects and B-CLL patients, the expression of these two adhesion molecules on lymphocytes before and after transendothelial migration was studied in an in vitro model of this process. In normal and B-CLL subjects, 71�b5% of L-selectin from both T and B cells and 90% of CD23 from B cells was lost following transmigration, while the expression of a range of other adhesion molecules such as VLA-4, ICAM-1, LFA-1 and CD44 was unchanged. Lymphocytes incubated with OxATP retained their capacity for transendothelial migration and showed the same loss of L-selectin as control leukaemic lymphocytes. Ro 31-9790, which can protect ATP-induced both L-selectin and CD23 shedding, had no effect on inhibiting L-selectin and CD23 lost during transmigration. These data show the presence of a second pathway for the downregulation of L-selectin and CD23 from the lymphocyte surface. Data in vivo from 'knock-out' mice show that L-selectin is essential for the emigration of lymphocytes through high endothelial venules into lymph nodes. The migration of normal and B-CLL lymphocytes across confluent human umbilical vein endothelial monolayers was studied in an in vitro model of this process. Lymphocytes treated with ATP or BzATP showed 56�b25% or 67�b16% loss of L-selectin on the surface and 36�b24% or 64�b19% decrease of transmigration, respectively, while OxATP, which does not alter the L-selectin level, had no effect on lymphocyte transmigration. Further experiments examined this correlation between L-selectin expression and lymphocyte transendothelial migration in this model system. A quantitative assay for cell surface L-selectin showed that expression of L-selectin was lower on B-CLL lymphocytes (8,880�b5,700 molecules/cell) than on normal lymphocytes (29,500�b7,500 molecules/cell, p less than 0.001). Also the rate of transmigration of B-CLL lymphocytes (1.5�b0.9 migrated cells/HUVEC) was lower than normal peripheral lymphocytes (2.4�b0.9 migrated cells/HUVEC, p=0.04). Incubation of lymphocytes in complete medium for 24 hrs increased the expression of L-selectin on B-CLL lymphocytes by 1.5 to 2 fold while the normal lymphocyte L-selectin remained at the initial level. This upregulation of B-CLL L-selectin correlated with a 2 fold increased rate of transendothelial migration. A correlation was found between L-selectin expression on lymphocytes and their ability for transendothelial migration (r^2=0.6). This study shows that the adhesion molecules L-selectin and CD23 can be lost from lymphocytes by two different physiological pathways. One is by P2X7 receptor activation by extracellular ATP while the second is activated by transendothelial migration of these cells. A second finding is that B-CLL lymphocytes have lower level of L-selectin expression and an impaired ability for transendothelial migration compared with normal peripheral blood lymphocytes. Do these results explain the high serum levels of soluble L-selectin and CD23 observed in B-CLL? Although B-CLL lymphocytes do not recirculate as rapidly as normal peripheral blood lymphocytes, the greatly increased number of leukaemic cells in B-CLL ensures that much more soluble L-selectin and CD23 is generated during the recirculation of these cells through the body.