WORK The aim of this work is to explore and describe the problem of nicotine clients of residential facilities voluntarily hospitalized for alcohol dependence. Learn whether it is on their side for such treatment if they are interested or might acquire in the course of his treatment of alcoholism motivation to quit smoking if they were offered such treatment if they were on a method of treating at least generally aware and if you know the benefits of such léčby.První stage research will consist of obtaining the basic sample. To obtain the respondents will choose the method of choice through deliberate purpose institutions. The population intended for actual research facility which clients will be allowed to participate in such research and who will be able to participate in research. Through the simple purpose a selection, Fagerström test for all survey respondents. Based on the results of this test determine how many people hospitalized for alcohol dependence with the diagnosis F10.2 simultaneously diagnoses F17.2-behavioral disorders due to use of tobacco. This finding generates the sample with which I will continue to work. To work with a sample of clients will be the main data collection method used questionnaire method. The questionnaire will be represented in both open and closed questions...

Problematic substance use is a continuing public health and safety concern in Canada, as is in many countries, and is seen as a health issue that can be prevented, managed, and treated through a proper focused response; however, according to recent studies and reports, Canadian youth are experiencing massive difficulty in accessing evidence-based services. The aim of this study is to explore youths’ barriers and facilitators in seeking and utilizing treatment services for substance use problems from service care providers’ perspectives in Ontario, Canada. In addition, treatment models that are organized to fit the needs of youth are also explored. A qualitative study with an inductive approach was used. Data was collected through six semi-structured interviews with youth service professionals working in school or community-based problematic substance use organizations in Ontario, Canada. The obtained data material has been analyzed by thematic analysis. The results showed that professionals viewed harm reduction and motivational interviewing models as designs fitted for youth. Professionals viewed unclear pathways to available services and stigma as external barriers to seeking treatment and shame and guilt and the loss of autonomy as internal barriers. Results viewed open conversation and active participation by schools as facilitators for seeking treatment. Further, professionals viewed insensitivity on behalf of the staff and funding as the main barriers for youth utilizing treatment, while sympathy from staff a major facilitator. This conclusion highlights the need for more open conversation and cooperation with the government and other youth service care professionals to coordinate effective and integrated services available for youth in school and community settings.

Un phénomène de résistance au traitement pharmacologique chez les personnes souffrant de maladies psychiatriques graves et persistantes comme la schizophrénie, tel que révélé par la pratique des soins psychiatriques communautaires de première ligne, sert de point de départ pour poser une distinction fondamentale entre les notions de traitement et de soins. Conséquemment, la question du consentement selon qu’il est attribué au traitement ou aux soins suggère des formes de consentement distinctes susceptible d’affecter la façon de faire face à des problèmes particuliers sur le plan de l’éthique. L’analyse conceptuelle d’un certain modèle d’interventions psychiatriques de crise, qui regroupe des travailleurs de la santé et des policiers au sein d’une même équipe de travail, permet de circonscrire des catégories de problèmes éthiques qui conduiront éventuellement à la formalisation d’une approche de résolution de problème. Trois façons d’approcher un problème d’éthique clinique sont proposées sous la forme d’enjeux, de dilemmes, puis de défis éthiques. L’intervention de crise y est catégorisée selon quatre niveaux d’intensité de crise, donnant lieu à une appréciation subjective par le soignant de la capacité de la personne soignée d’établir et de maintenir une relation de soins en situation de crise. Des parallèles entre les soins psychiatriques et les soins palliatifs permettent d’approfondir la question de la souffrance en lien avec la douleur et de distinguer à nouveau les notions de soins et de traitement. La relation de soins est présentée comme une occasion de normaliser les rapports entre soignants et soignés, de valoriser un état de souffrance à l’origine de la rencontre de soins, tout en mettant à profit la dimension relationnelle d’une condition qui appelle à être non pas traitée mais soignée. Ces considérations permettent de dégager une responsabilité nouvelle pour le soignant : celle de se faire le gardien de la relation de soins. Une transition du primum non nocere au primum non excludere : d’abord ne pas exclure est suggérée comme une maxime pour guider la relation de soins vers un consentement aux soins plus authentique. / Resistance to or non-compliance with medical interventions on the part of people presenting with severe and persistent manifestations of a psychiatric disorder, such as schizophrenia, will be the context in which to develop a formal distinction between the concepts of treatment and care, and subsequently between the consent to treatment and consent to care as separate forms of consent. The practice of first line community psychiatry will serve as a starting point to raise interesting challenges from an ethical standpoint. This thesis will explore the ethical implications of consent within a therapeutic relationship. Discussion around a specific model of crisis intervention characterized by a multidisciplinary approach will lead to the categorization of ethical problems and the formalization of a problem-solving model. A three-fold approach to ethical problems will be presented in terms of issues, dilemmas and ethical challenges. Crisis intervention will be categorized into four increasing levels of intensity based on the subjective assessment of a person in crisis and their capacity to establish and maintain a therapeutic rapport with a caregiver, throughout and beyond the crisis. Parallels between psychiatric and palliative care will be established in order to question the concepts of suffering and pain and to stress the importance of setting distinctions, once again, between care and treatment. The rapport that can develop between a caregiver and a person cared for will be presented as an opportunity to normalize a specific therapeutic rapport and value a perceived state of suffering calling for change, a condition that requires not treatment, but rather caring. These considerations will lead to the identification of a new goal for the caregiver, that is, to preserve the therapeutic rapport. A transition from the primum non nocere to a primum non excludere, i.e., “first, do not exclude “will serve as a motto to provide guidance towards a more authentic consent to care.

Un phénomène de résistance au traitement pharmacologique chez les personnes souffrant de maladies psychiatriques graves et persistantes comme la schizophrénie, tel que révélé par la pratique des soins psychiatriques communautaires de première ligne, sert de point de départ pour poser une distinction fondamentale entre les notions de traitement et de soins. Conséquemment, la question du consentement selon qu’il est attribué au traitement ou aux soins suggère des formes de consentement distinctes susceptible d’affecter la façon de faire face à des problèmes particuliers sur le plan de l’éthique. L’analyse conceptuelle d’un certain modèle d’interventions psychiatriques de crise, qui regroupe des travailleurs de la santé et des policiers au sein d’une même équipe de travail, permet de circonscrire des catégories de problèmes éthiques qui conduiront éventuellement à la formalisation d’une approche de résolution de problème. Trois façons d’approcher un problème d’éthique clinique sont proposées sous la forme d’enjeux, de dilemmes, puis de défis éthiques. L’intervention de crise y est catégorisée selon quatre niveaux d’intensité de crise, donnant lieu à une appréciation subjective par le soignant de la capacité de la personne soignée d’établir et de maintenir une relation de soins en situation de crise. Des parallèles entre les soins psychiatriques et les soins palliatifs permettent d’approfondir la question de la souffrance en lien avec la douleur et de distinguer à nouveau les notions de soins et de traitement. La relation de soins est présentée comme une occasion de normaliser les rapports entre soignants et soignés, de valoriser un état de souffrance à l’origine de la rencontre de soins, tout en mettant à profit la dimension relationnelle d’une condition qui appelle à être non pas traitée mais soignée. Ces considérations permettent de dégager une responsabilité nouvelle pour le soignant : celle de se faire le gardien de la relation de soins. Une transition du primum non nocere au primum non excludere : d’abord ne pas exclure est suggérée comme une maxime pour guider la relation de soins vers un consentement aux soins plus authentique. / Resistance to or non-compliance with medical interventions on the part of people presenting with severe and persistent manifestations of a psychiatric disorder, such as schizophrenia, will be the context in which to develop a formal distinction between the concepts of treatment and care, and subsequently between the consent to treatment and consent to care as separate forms of consent. The practice of first line community psychiatry will serve as a starting point to raise interesting challenges from an ethical standpoint. This thesis will explore the ethical implications of consent within a therapeutic relationship. Discussion around a specific model of crisis intervention characterized by a multidisciplinary approach will lead to the categorization of ethical problems and the formalization of a problem-solving model. A three-fold approach to ethical problems will be presented in terms of issues, dilemmas and ethical challenges. Crisis intervention will be categorized into four increasing levels of intensity based on the subjective assessment of a person in crisis and their capacity to establish and maintain a therapeutic rapport with a caregiver, throughout and beyond the crisis. Parallels between psychiatric and palliative care will be established in order to question the concepts of suffering and pain and to stress the importance of setting distinctions, once again, between care and treatment. The rapport that can develop between a caregiver and a person cared for will be presented as an opportunity to normalize a specific therapeutic rapport and value a perceived state of suffering calling for change, a condition that requires not treatment, but rather caring. These considerations will lead to the identification of a new goal for the caregiver, that is, to preserve the therapeutic rapport. A transition from the primum non nocere to a primum non excludere, i.e., “first, do not exclude “will serve as a motto to provide guidance towards a more authentic consent to care.

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