This diploma thesis deals with ATC group R01AA drugs in the Czech Republic in the years 2006-2011. The R01AA group includes active substances/OTC products for the treatment of rhinitis.

The thesis deals with the current trends in the Czech-Chinese trade relations. The first chapter deals with the development of the Chinese economy in the new millennium after its entry into the WTO, through dealing with the consequences of the economic crisis to Chinese priorities and objectives within the current 12th five-year plan. The second chapter describes the development of mutual Czech-Chinese trade in goods and services from the beginning of the 21st century, including the current situation. In the third part, the thesis informs the potential Czech enterprises about the business environment of the PRC, its perspective sectors and regions, the Czech institutional support or possible forms of entry to the Chinese market. In the practical part, the thesis analyzes the business of the Czech company Linet in the People's Republic of China, whose experiences are compared with the theoretical work. The end of the third chapter deals with the prospects for mutual business relations between the Czech Republic and the PRC, which the author of the thesis sees mainly at EU or Central and Eastern Europe macro-region level.

The thesis is called The Factors of Competiveness of Companies in Engineering Industry. I deal with the current situation in engineering, meaning of innovations in companies, the aspects which stimulate them and on the contrary limit them and the possibilities of various kinds of cooperation. The thesis explains the importance of regular analysis of situation of companies on the market, careful determination and fulfillment of the strategy and the operational effectiveness. According to the used resources the factors of competitiveness were determined. In the practical part I analyzed four companies from the surroundings of Ústí nad Orlicí which produce radiators, fittings, machines for textile industry and buses. From acquired information it is possible to say that these companies are competitive and they focus on innovations. I discussed the factors of competitiveness with the managers of engineering companies and I created the summary of the factors which influence prosperity of the engineering companies.

The thesis "Communication planning in Algotech in 2013" is practically based work with an objective to plan marketing communication of the company for 2013. The planning is based on the current company communication analysis and both communication goals and new trends in marketing communication are taken into consideration. The theoretical part is focused on substance of communication, communication process and tools of communication mix. In the practical part, there is the introduction of company Algotech, analysis of its communication strategy and proposal of communication plan for 2013 inclusive recommendation to utilize new trends in marketing communication and also the evaluation of executed marketing communication plan.

The thesis is a summary of the basic principles of bank trading focusing on the differences between business of traditional and "low-cost" banks. Furthermore, this thesis contains the analysis of operational revenues and costs of selected banks subsequently analyzed the structure of sources operational profit of selected traditional banks in comparison with selected "low-cost" banks in ČR. This thesis includes analyzis of trends that currently move the banking sector and following the trends analysis of non-banking services provided by banks in ČR which can be considered as an alternative source operational profit of traditional banks. The last part of the thesis includes evaluation of the survey, which was carried out to determine customer satisfaction with bank services in ČR.

The goal of this thesis is to analyze the emerging trends in the cross-border agrochemical distributors' network in Central and Eastern Europe. It aims to answer three research hypotheses and uses desk research methodology to reach this goal. The thesis studies five distributors of agrochemicals considered as pioneers in the industry and assumes their behavior as a proxy for the whole industry behavior. It verifies the first hypothesis that there is an ongoing cross-border consolidation of the distribution network. On the other hand, due to the industry stage and the agrochemicals' market growth it rejects the second hypothesis that there is a pressure on industry profitability. At last, it confirms the third hypothesis that suppliers should consider a change to cope with cross-border customers. In addition, it suggests two areas how to create additional value for the distributors and their suppliers.

Counselor education program faculties evaluate applicants to masters and doctoral level programs using criteria that the faculties hope will predict the applicant's potential for academic success and then effectiveness as a counselor, counselor educator, or researcher. Choosing admission criteria to assess this level of potential in an applicant is quite a task. Those counselor education programs that are accredited by the Council for Accreditation of Counseling and Related Educational Programs (CACREP) have the benefit of the admission guidelines provided by CACREP standards for accreditation. These guidelines give only basic, general direction to programs regarding their admission criteria but each individual program determines their own criteria for admission. The purpose of this study was to discover any recognizable trends in admission policy criteria, in terms of specific criteria used to evaluate and select students from the applicant pool, for CACREP accredited masters and doctoral programs. This study also sought to discover any recognizable trends in admission policy criteria, in terms of a specific number of criteria used to evaluate and select students for CACREP accredited master and doctoral counselor education programs. This qualitative study investigated 178 masters level CACREP accredited counselor education programs and 45 doctoral CACREP accredited counselor education programs. The CACREP Website provided contact names and Web address for each program. Admission criteria were pulled from the program Websites. If no criteria were present on the Website, the program contact person was contacted by phone or by email. A contact form for the masters level programs, and another for the doctoral level programs, was developed to record program criteria. A rate or return of 96% for the masters level programs and 91% for the doctoral programs was achieved. For the purposes of this study, a trend was defined as 1) any measure being required by 50% or more of the responding programs, or 2) the number of measures used by a program being equal to the mean number of measures used by all programs. The masters level program trends were for counselor education programs to use the following criteria to assess applicants: transcripts, grade point average (GPA), letters of reference, applications, Graduate Record Exam (GRE) scores, letters of intent, and interviews with faculty members. A trend was also discovered for masters level programs to use between 3 and 12 measures to assess applicants for admission with a mean score of 7.01, a median score of 7, and a mode of 7. The doctoral level program trends were for counselor education programs to use the following criteria to assess applicants: transcripts, letters of reference, letters of intent to address goals, aspirations, experiences, and purpose, GRE scores, applications, and GPA. A trend was also discovered for doctoral level programs to use between 4 and 10 measures to assess applicants for admission with a mean score of 8.097, a median score of 8, and a mode of 9. Given the high rate of return, the trends discovered can be said to reflect the admission criteria used to assess applicants for admission into CACREP accredited masters and doctoral counselor education programs in the United States. A limitation could be that the data was collected using different methods of communication in that some data was collected from Websites, some from email correspondence, and some data from phone conversations. It seemed that the Websites and the emails gave the admission criteria but the phone conversations gave an understanding of not only the criteria used but the process used in selecting students from the applicant pool.

INTRODUÇÃO: A prematuridade é considerada condição de risco, pois a imaturidade anatomo-fisiológica predispõe a dificuldades para adaptação e evolução na vida após o nascimento. Os problemas alimentares podem persistir nos lactentes prematuros após a alta hospitalar e podem ter consequências a longo prazo. Os objetivos deste estudo foram: (1) avaliar o desempenho das habilidades motoras orais (HMO) em lactentes prematuros em três momentos, considerando a idade corrigida (IC), com variação de consistência alimentar: líquido aos 4 meses, semissólido e/ou purê aos 6 meses e sólido aos 12 meses e comparar os resultados obtidos com o grupo controle (GC), (2) avaliar o desempenho das HMO para os lactentes prematuros divididos em dois grupos de acordo com a IG ao nascimento, < 34 semanas (s) e > 34s, e (3) analisar se as variáveis neonatais prematuridade, idade gestacional (IG), gênero, ser pequeno para idade gestacional (PIG), uso de sonda nasogástrica (SNG), intubação orotraqueal ao nascimento e o grau de escolaridade materna interferem no resultado final das avaliações de alimentação. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal e longitudinal de caráter observacional. Os lactentes foram divididos em grupo pesquisa (GP) (n=55) e GC (n=54). Os critérios de inclusão do GP: lactentes nascidos prematuros acompanhados no ambulatório de neonatologia de um hospital universitário, IG < 37s, peso de nascimento (PN) < 2500g, ausência de síndromes genéticas e de problemas neurológicos. Para o GC: lactentes de termo acompanhados no ambulatório geral de pediatria do mesmo hospital, IG >= 37 semanas, PN >= 2500g, ausência de síndromes genéticas e de problemas neurológicos e sem histórico de dificuldades com a alimentação. Utilizou-se o protocolo SOMA (Schedule for Oral Motor Assessment) para avaliação das HMO para todas as consistências alimentares nos lactentes do GP e GC. O teste exato de Fisher foi utilizado e adotado nível de significância de 5% e tendência a significância de 5 a 10%. A regressão logística foi conduzida para predizer se o desempenho dos lactentes nas avaliações da alimentação estaria associado ao fato de ser prematuro, da IG, do gênero, de ser PIG, do uso SNG, da intubação orotraqueal ao nascimento e do grau de escolaridade materna. RESULTADOS: Os lactentes prematuros apresentaram função motora oral normal (FMON) para a consistência líquida com o utensílio mamadeira, aos 4 meses de IC (94%), porém foi evidenciada imaturidade para as HMO Lip 3 (lábios vedados firmemente ao redor do bico) (p=0,056) e Lip 5 (incompleto vedamento do lábio superior) (p=0,098), com tendência a significância na comparação com os lactentes a termo. Aos 6 meses de IC, para a consistência semissólida, a FMON foi vista em 73,5% no GP e em 81% no GC. A disfunção motora oral (DMO) foi encontrada em 23,5% no GP e em 9,5% no GC. Para o purê, o GP apresentou FMON em 60% e DMO em 40% e o GC apresentou FMON em 27,3% e a DMO em 72,7%. Aos 12 meses de idade, para a consistência sólida, GP e GC apresentaram bom desempenho das HMO, porém evidenciou-se imaturidade da HMO Lip 1 (movimento do lábio inferior para cima ao contato com a colher) (p=0,085), com tendência a significância no GP na comparação com o GC. Lactentes prematuros nascidos com IG < 34s apresentaram mais imaturidades das HMO de alimentação quando comparados com os lactentes nascidos com IG > 34s, embora os resultados não mostrassem diferenças significantes. As variáveis prematuridade, IG, gênero, grau de escolaridade materna, ser PIG, intubação orotraqueal e uso de SNG não interferiram de forma significante no resultado final obtido nas avaliações das HMO, para as consistências alimentares líquida e sólida, exceto a para a consistência semissólida, a intubação ao nascimento que mostrou diferença significante (p=0,019) CONCLUSÃO: Lactentes prematuros apresentaram bom desempenho no resultado final das HMO obtido nas avaliações de alimentação, com as consistências alimentares líquida, semissólida, purê e sólida, realizadas no primeiro ano de vida, embora a presença de imaturidade das HMO de lábios foram evidenciadas aos 4 e 12 meses de IC. A fase de alimentação com maior incidência para DMO ocorreu aos 6 meses de IC, para a consistência alimentar purê e semissólida. As variáveis neonatais, como a prematuridade, a IG, o gênero, o uso de SNG, intubação orotraqueal e o grau de escolaridade materna não interferiram de forma significante no desempenho das HMO de alimentação para as consistências alimentares líquida e sólida. Dentre as variáveis neonatais, a variável intubação orotraqueal ao nascimento foi considerada um fator de risco preditivo para a ocorrência de DMO em lactentes prematuros, após a alta hospitalar, aos 6 meses de IC, na avaliação das HMO de alimentação, para a consistência semissólida / INTRODUCTION: Prematurity is considered a risk condition, since the anatomical and physiological immaturity predisposes to difficulties for adaptation and evolution in life after birth. The feeding problems presented by premature infants may persist after hospital discharge and might have long term consequences. The study objectives were: (1) to evaluate the oral motor abilities (OMA) of premature infants in three different moments, considering their corrected age (CA) and varying the food consistency: liquids at 4 months, semisolid foods and/or puree at 6 months, and solid foods at 12 months and compare the results with those of a control group (CG), (2) to evaluate the OMA of premature infants divided into two groups, according to their gestational age (GA) at birth: < 34 weeks (w) and > 34w, (3) To analyze whether the neonatal variables prematurity, GA, gender, being small for gestational age (SGA), using a nasogastric feeding tube (NGT), orotracheal intubation at birth, and maternal schooling play a role in the final outcomes of feeding assessments. METHODS: This is an observational longitudinal cross-sectional study, in which infants were divided into CG (n=54) and research group (RG) (n=55). The inclusion criteria for the RG were: premature infants followed-up at the Neonatology outpatient clinic of a university hospital, GA < 37w, birth weight (BW) < 2500g, absence of genetic syndromes and neurological problems. The inclusion criteria for the CG were: full-term infants followed-up at the Pediatrics outpatient clinic of the same hospital, GA >= 37w, BW >= 2500g, absence of genetic syndromes and neurological problems, and no history of feeding difficulties. The SOMA protocol (Schedule for Oral Motor Assessment) was used to evaluate the OMA of both RG and CG subjects in all food consistencies. Fisher\'s Exact test was used in the statistical analysis, considering a significance level of 5% and significance trend between 5 and 10%. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to predict the association between subjects\' performance on the assessment and the variables prematurity, GA, gender, being SGA, using NGT, orotracheal intubation at birth, and maternal schooling. RESULTS: The premature infants presented normal oral motor function (NOMF) for the liquid consistency using a bottle at 4 months CA (94%), however, the assessment evidenced immaturity for the OMA Lip 3 (tightly sealed lips around the nipple) (p=0.056) and Lip 5 (incomplete sealing of the upper lip) (p=0.098), with a tendency towards significance when compared to full-term infants. At 6 months CA, 73.5% of the RG and 81% of the CG presented NOMF for semisolid foods. Oral motor disorders (OMD) were found in 23.5% of the RG and 9.5% of the CG. For the puree consistency, the RG presented NOMF in 60% and OMD in 40% of the subjects, and the CG presented NOMF in 27.3% and OMD in 72.7% of the subjects. At 12 months, both the RG and the CG presented good performances in the OMA assessed with solid food consistency; however, it was evidenced immaturity on the OMA Lip 1 (upward movement of the lower lip when in contact with the spoon) (p=0.085) in the RG, with tendency towards significance when compared to the CG. Premature infants born before 34w GA presented more OMA immaturities during feeding when compared to infants born after 34w, even though the results did not present significant statistical differences. The variables prematurity, GA, gender, maternal schooling, being SGA, using NGT and orotracheal intubation did not play a significant role on the final OMA outcomes for the food consistencies liquid and solid. For the semisolid consistency, the variable intubation at birth significantly interfered on the OMA outcomes (p=0.019). CONCLUSION: Premature infants presented good final outcomes on the OMA assessed periodically during feeding with liquid, semi-solid, puree and solid consistencies along their first year of life, despite the immaturity observed in lips OMA at 4 and 12 months CA. The higher incidence of OMD was at 6 months CA, for the consistencies puree and semisolid. The neonatal variables, such as prematurity, GA, gender, use of NGT, orotracheal intubation, and maternal schooling, did not interfere significantly on the feeding OMA for the consistencies liquid and solid. Only for the semisolid food, at 6 months, the variable orotracheal intubation at birth was considered a risk factor that could predict the occurrence of OMD in premature infants after hospital discharge

Syftet med denna studie är att studera fastighetsmäklares uppfattningar om löneformen endast resultatbaserad lön och dess betydelse för deras livssituation. För att kunna uppfylla studiens syfte undersöks även hur löneformen kan förstås och förklaras utifrån tidstypiska samhällstrender och processer. Vidare studeras fastighetsmäklares uppfattningar om löneformens betydelse för deras yrkes- och privatliv samt önskvärda löneformer i framtiden. Studien har en kvalitativ forskningsansats, baserad på hermeneutisk tolkning av intervjuer med åtta yrkesverksamma och före detta yrkesverksamma manliga och kvinnliga fastighetsmäklare. Resultatet visar att löneformen upplevs inverka på de intervjuade fastighetsmäklarnas livssituation främst utifrån att den bidrar till gränslöst arbete, vilket kan ha negativ inverkan på fastighetsmäklarnas möjligheter och förutsättningar till privatliv och fritid. Löneformen kan samtidigt tolkas ha positiv inverkan på fastighetsmäklarnas upplevelse av balans mellan ansträngning och belöning. Resultatet indikerar att löneformen kan tolkas som ett uttryck på mikronivå för övergripande samhällstrender och processer såsom globalisering, teknisk utveckling och individualiseringsprocesser som sker på makronivå. Avslutningsvis visar resultatet att framtidens löneformer förespås utgöras av resultatbaserad lön, med eller utan en fast lönedel. / The purpose of this study is to study the real estate agents' perceptions of the wage form only results-based salary and its significance for their life situation. In order to fulfill the purpose of the study, we also examine how the wage form can be understood and explained on the basis of time-typical societal trends and processes. Further, real estate agents' perceptions of the significance of the wage form are studied in regards to their professional and private lives as well as desirable wage forms in the future. The study has a qualitative research approach, based on hermeneutic interpretation of interviews with eight active and former active male and female real estate agents. The result shows that the wage form is considered to be of significance to the interviewed real estate agents' life situation, mainly because it contributes to boundless work, which can have a negative impact on the real estate agents' opportunities and conditions for private life and leisure. At the same time, the wage form can be interpreted to have a positive impact on the real estate agents' experience of balance between effort and reward. The result indicates that the wage form can be interpreted as a micro-level expression of the overall societal trends and processes occurring at macro level such as globalization, technological development and individualization processes. Finally, the results show that the future wage form are predicted to consist of results-based salary, with or without a fixed salary component.

This study examined temporal trends and socioeconomic differences in alcohol use and drunkenness among Swedish 15-year-old students between 2001/02 and 2017/18. Data were obtained from the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study conducted in 2001/02, 2005/06, 2009/10, 2013/14 and 2017/18 (n ≈ 1500/year). Socioeconomic status (SES) was measured using two alternative indicators: educational aspirations and family affluence. Logistic regression models were used to investigate the relationships between drinking measures and SES indicators. The results showed a significant decline in alcohol use and drunkenness among Swedish 15-year-old students from 2001/02 to 2017/18. Educational aspirations almost consistently statistically negatively predicted regular alcohol use and drunkenness. Family affluence only had a weak effect on adolescent drinking behavior with a tendency for less affluent students reporting less alcohol use and drunkenness. Trend analyzes within the subgroups indicated that the downward trend was mirrored in all SES groups, but it was not equally steep in all groups. The decrease was generally weaker among students with lower educational aspirations but stronger among students from less affluent families. This study suggests that different aspects of SES may influence adolescent drinking in opposing directions. In future efforts aimed at reducing alcohol use and drunkenness among adolescents, students with lower educational aspirations should be the target population.