Background: The American College of Sports Medicine defines the female athlete triad (FAT) as interrelated components of energy availability, menstrual function, and bone mineral density. High school athletes have likely not experienced a lengthy duration of exposure to disordered eating, amenorrhea, and low bone density compared to older athletes because of their young age; the purpose for screening and creating awareness is to educate before negative consequences reach full effect later in life and running career. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to screen high school distance runners for awareness and baseline knowledge of the components of FAT. Methods: Four surveys submitted to high school female athletes assessing FAT knowledge, a questionnaire assessing triad risk factors, calcium intake, and demographic information. Results: Significant findings include faster 5k times with a body mass index (BMI) under 18.5 mg/kg², increased calcium intake correlated with positive awareness to the FAT, and a higher FAT knowledge score correlating with triad awareness. Conclusion: The results from this study did not show a relationship between BMI and menstrual history, 5k time and menstrual history, and BMI and calcium intake. All of the athletes' responses indicated having one or more components of the triad. Education of the components of the triad is needed in high schools, and screening should be incorporated into preparticipation health physicals so as to ensure athletes minimize their risks for stress fractures and impaired bone health.

The Dark Triad consists of three overlapping personality traits: Psychopathy, Machiavellianism, and Narcissism, (Paulhus & Williams, 2002). This investigation examines two main research goals. The first aims to identify the common traits that occupy the core of the Dark Triad of personality. The literature suggests that the Dark Triad Core traits are low agreeableness (e.g., Jakobwitz & Egan, 2006), aggression (e.g., Kerig & Stellwagen, 2010), impulsivity (e.g., Thomaes, Bushman, De Castro, & Stegge, 2009), low emotional intelligence (e.g., Ali, Amorim & Chamorro-Premuzic, 2009), and potentially low neuroticism (Paulhus & Williams, 2002). The second research goal aims to identify a developmental trajectory of how early life risk factors influence each other and the Dark Triad. The literature suggests that being raised in a low SES environment (e.g., Chapple & Johnson, 2007), experiencing trauma (e.g., Tackett et al., 2009), and being the child of poor parenting styles (e.g., De Clercq et al., 2008), are related to the occurrence of the Dark Triad. An anxious or avoidant attachment style (Loeber & Hay, 1997) and low self-control (Gramzow et al., 2004) may also predict the Dark Triad. Using a sample of 546 adults, the first study demonstrated that the proposed Dark Triad Core traits represent a construct that is overlapping, but not equivalent to, the construct represented by the Dark Triad personality traits. Psychopathy, Machiavellianism, Narcissism, low agreeableness, and aggression load one factor, while aggression, impulsivity, low emotional intelligence, neuroticism, Narcissism and Machiavellianism load a second correlated factor. Using Structural Equation Modeling, several models were tested and a final model was generated that provides a preliminary developmental trajectory of the Dark Triad. This model indicates that poor parenting practices tend to increase the expression of anxious attachment in children. Furthermore, fathers’ poor parenting marginally decreases children’s self-control. Experiencing trauma also tends to increase anxious attachment and decrease self-control in victims. Then, anxious attachment and low self-control influence the expression of the Dark Triad. This line of research begins to define the core of the Dark Triad, while also defining the impact of childhood experiences and personal characteristics in the expression of the Dark Triad. / Thesis (Master, Psychology) -- Queen's University, 2012-08-30 14:58:10.637

This dissertation project broadly addresses the question of how state behavior is conditioned by the structural configuration of the network in which they are embedded. It attempts to reconcile some of the discrepancies between the systemic and dyadic approaches to international relations, by arguing that the international system is a multidimensional network that results as an emergent property of the dyadic ties that exist between states.This dissertation consists of three stand alone analyses, connected by their focus on systemic configuration and the impact of various elements of international structures on the behavior of states. In contrast to most studies of international relations, dimensions of the international order are observed, rather than assumed. The first chapter focuses specifically on observing and describing the structure and tendencies of the behavioral dimension of the international system. It assesses patterns of consistency in international relations, searching for both simple, dyadic consistency as well as more complex, triadic consistency. The second chapter relies on these positive and negative relations to create a model of policy reinforcement, with a focus on the onset of militarized conflict. Structural balance theory is used to identify shared, external relations that either reinforce or dampen the impact of dyadic hostility on militarized conflict. The final empirical chapter shifts to a more localized focus, investigating the impact of alliance portfolio size on the likelihood of alliance obligation fulfillment. Here, the size and capabilities of a disputant's local alliance portfolio do not directly modify the behavior of the disputant, but instead that of the disputant's other allies.Together, these chapters demonstrate the importance of accounting for systemic factors in explaining and analyzing dyadic behavior. The characteristics of local networks, such as alliance portfolios, have significant implications for state security. The configuration of foreign policy relations provides feedback to states, influencing their willingness to take aggressive actions. Bipolarity and multipolarity can be empirically observed through the clustering of states, rather than by merely counting the number of major powers. However, perhaps most significant is the contribution these analyses make to a small but growing literature attempting to move beyond the dyad.

La triade non-catalytique est un motif strictement conservé des alpha-amylases chlorure-dépendentes qui est parfaitement superposable avec la triade catalytique des protéases à sérine active. Le but de ce travail était de déterminer le rôle de cette triade. Par des expériences de mutagenèse, nous avons pu montrer que ce rôle est de nature structurale. Des expériences de RMN nous ont permis de démontrer la présence d'un pont H anormalement fort dans ces enzymes, ce qui pourrait expliquer l'instabilité très marquée des mutants de la triade. Malheureusement, nous n'avons pas pu attribuer sans ambiguité ce pont H à la triade non-catalytique. La dernière partie de ce travail décrit la recherche de la triade non-catalytique dans des protéines autres que les amylases.

<p>This master thesis is a study on how a rategyro triad, an accelerometer triad, and a magnetometer triad can be integrated into a navigation system, estimating a vehicle’s attitude, i.e. its roll, tipp, and heading angles. When only a rategyro triad is used to estimate a vehicle’s attitude, a drift in the attitude occurs due to sensor errors. </p><p>When an accelerometer triad and a magnetometer triad are used, an error in the vehicle’s heading, appearing as a sine curve, depending on the heading, occurs. By integrating these sensor triads, the sensor errors have been estimated with a filter to improve the estimated attitude’s accuracy. </p><p>To investigate and evaluate the navigation system, a simulation model has been developed in Simulink/Matlab. The implementation has been made using a Kalman filter where the sensor fusion takes place. Simulations for different scenarios have been made and the results from these simulations show that the drift in the vehicle’s attitude is avoided.</p>

This master thesis is a study on how a rategyro triad, an accelerometer triad, and a magnetometer triad can be integrated into a navigation system, estimating a vehicle’s attitude, i.e. its roll, tipp, and heading angles. When only a rategyro triad is used to estimate a vehicle’s attitude, a drift in the attitude occurs due to sensor errors. When an accelerometer triad and a magnetometer triad are used, an error in the vehicle’s heading, appearing as a sine curve, depending on the heading, occurs. By integrating these sensor triads, the sensor errors have been estimated with a filter to improve the estimated attitude’s accuracy. To investigate and evaluate the navigation system, a simulation model has been developed in Simulink/Matlab. The implementation has been made using a Kalman filter where the sensor fusion takes place. Simulations for different scenarios have been made and the results from these simulations show that the drift in the vehicle’s attitude is avoided.

No description available.

Two problems in computational wave dynamics are considered: (i) the use of Klemp-Wilhelmson time splitting at large scales and (ii) analysis of wave-wave instabilities in nonhydrostatic and rotating mountain waves. The use of Klemp-Wilhelmson (KW) time splitting for large-scale and global modeling is assessed through a series of von Neumann accuracy and stability analyses. Two variations of the KW splitting are evaluated in particular: the original acousticmode splitting of Klemp and Wilhelmson (KW78) and a modified splitting due to Skamarock and Klemp (SK92) in which the buoyancy and vertical stratification terms are treated as fast-mode terms. The large-scale cases of interest are the problem of Rossby wave propagation on a resting background state and the classic baroclinic Eady problem. The results show that the original KW78 splitting is surprisingly inaccurate when applied to large-scale wave modes. The source of this inaccuracy is traced to the splitting of the hydrostatic balance terms between the small and large time steps. The errors in the KW78 splitting are shown to be largely absent from the SK92 scheme. Resonant wave-wave instability in rotating mountain waves is examined using a linear stability analysis based on steady-state solutions for flow over an isolated ridge. The analysis is performed over a parameter space spanned by the mountain height (Nh/U) and the Rossby number (U/fL). Steady solutions are found using a newly developed solver based on a nonlinear Newton iteration. Results from the steady solver show that the critical heights for wave overturning are smallest for the hydrostatic case and generally increase in the rotating wave regime. Results of the stability analyses show that the wave-wave instability exists at mountain heights even below the critical overturning values. The most unstable cases are found in the nonrotating regime while the range of unstable mountain heights between initial onset and critical overturning is largest for intermediate Rossby number.

Multiple interacting mechanisms control the formation and dissolution of clots to maintain blood in a state of delicate balance. In addition to a myriad of biochemical reactions, rheological factors also play a crucial role in modulating the response of blood to external stimuli. The broad stimuli for clot formation were laid out, more than a century ago, in, what is now referred to as, Virchow’s triad. To date, a comprehensive model for clot formation and dissolution, that takes into account the biochemical, medical and rheological factors, has not been put into place, the existing models emphasizing either one or the other of the factors. In this dissertation, a model is developed for clot formation and dissolution that incorporates many of the relevant crucial factors that have a bearing on the problem. The model, though just a first step towards understanding a complex phenomenon goes further than previous models in integrating the biochemical, medical and rheological factors that come into play. The model is tested in some simple flow situations as part of an attempt to elucidate Virchow’s triad. Extensions to the model, along with detailed numerical studies, will hopefully aid in a clearer understanding of the phenomenon, and in making relevant clinical correlations.

No description available.