The aim of the study was to determine nutrient quality of chosen green fodders, to find amount of consumed green fodder and to find the effect of these consumption on chicken performance and carcass quality. In laying hens the aim was to evaluate the effect of feeding green fodders and different ways of their conservation on hens’ performance and egg quality. To fulfill the aims six experiments was carried out. In the first experiment the content of AMEn, apparent ileal digestibility of crude protein and amino acids in clover and rye grass in chicken was estimated. In the second and third experiment the effect of green fodders consumption on chicken performance and carcass quality was observed. In the fourth experiment with chicken free range with pasture was used. In the fifth and sixth the experiments the effect of different green fodders and their conservation on laying hens performance and egg quality were observed.

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The main objective of the Thesis was to analyse the reproductive performance of sows in the selected breeding. Data collection took place in Vemas a.s, which is engaged in pig breeding. The data was gathered in this breeding in the period of August 8 2016 to July 31 2017 at sample of 938 sows in 1761 litters. In the litter, the age of first fertilization and parturition of sows were monitored as well as the length of gestation period itself and gestation period depending on the number of alive or dead born piglets in the litter. Furthermore, the amount of all born piglets was observed, alive and dead born ones in the litter, the number of mummified piglets, the amount of weaned piglets and the loss of piglets from birth to weaning in connection to the litter order of the sow. Most of sows were fertilized between days 230. and 249. of their age, while parturition appeared between days 350. and 359. of their age. The average length of gestation period was 115,38 days. The biggest portion of live born piglets (14,08 cases per a litter) was born at the length of 113 days of gestation period, the smallest portion of dead born piglets has been found at the lenght of gestation period between 118 and 119 days. Most of all (14,72 cases per litter) and of alive born piglets (13,91 cases per litter) were observed in the third litter, the amount of dead born and mummified piglets in the litter went up in relation with the litter order. The number of weaned piglets in the litters was fairly balanced, in average 12,12 cases per a litter. The losses between the birth and the weaning were the highest in the third litter (10,42 % out of live born piglets). The breeding reaches excelent results which are also proven by PICtrag league where the breeding came first two times in a row.

In my diploma thesis, I have been observing the influence of the milk yield on the exterior changes of cows of the Czech Fleckfieh breed. The monitoring was carried out in August 2017 at PROAGRO Radešínská Svratka a.s. in a group of 83 cows on the second and third lactations for which an exterior evaluation of linear description was performed at the first lactation. The cows were subsequently evaluated by a linear description on the currently ongoing lactation. The whole set was then divided into three groups according to the milk yield values for cows with low, medium and high milk yields. The obtained data were statistically analyzed and the effect of the performance on the exterior was evaluated. The obtained results show statistically significant relationships between groups of cows according to their performance and the monitored parameters of milk yield. There was also a statistically significant relationship between the milk yield and the height at the withers and cross, the chest circumference, the rump length, the hip width, the rear udder length and total indexes for frame, muscularity, and feet and legs.

The aim of this diploma thesis was to elaborate a literature review dealing with the influence of the breeding environment on milk performance and behavior of dairy cows. The diploma thesis deals with influences on resting behavior of animals and time period during ruminating. Two companies dealing with the breeding of the Holstein breed were monitored in the work. Both companies met the breeding goal of the breed. Furthermo-re, the average temperature and its effect on cows' rest were recorded. Significant in-fluence of summer temperatures on dairy cows was found. The influence of the length of the box bed on the resting behavior of dairy cows in the stable was also examined. The length of the box bed significantly influenced rest behavior. And in the last part, rumination was solved.

The aim of the thesis was to clarify the influence of the number of visits of dairy cows in the robotic milking systems on milk yield parameters. An annual observation was carried out for this purpose (November 2017 to October 2018). A total of 729 dairy cows (cases) were evaluated. Among the parameters of milk yield were mainly daily milk yield (kg of milk), number of lactation, lactation phase (days in milk). Furthermore, the influence of temperature in the stable (° C) on the frequency of dairy cows' visits in the robotized milking system was evaluated. There was a highly statisticaly significant effect of the number of successful dairy cow visits in milking robot on the lactation phase, daily milk yieldand fat and protein content of milk (p <0.01). It was found, that with the increasing frequency of dairy cow visits during the day (n = 1 to n = 5), the average daily milk yield of these cows increases (from 18.3 to 48.4 kg of milk), while the fat content and protein decreased (from 4.53 to 3.84%, from 3.59 to 3.40% respectively). Furthermore, it was found that dairy cows with a lower lactation phase had a higher frequency of visits (from 189 days to 25.8 days). Further, a certain trend was observed where higher frequency of visits was found in older cows and lower frequency of visits in young cows (p> 0.05). Furthermore, it was found that the air temperature in the stable did not affect both the overall visit rate of the milking robot and the number of successful or unsuccessful visits (p> 0.05).

The aim of this diploma thesis was to observe the occurrence of lameness and health condition of hoofs in the Klučov - Lhota farm. Czech Fleckvieh cows with breeding affiliation C100 were assessed. Diagnoses and hoof pathological conditions, feed ration compositions and composition of milk obtained from performance control were recorded. Results were compared between limping and healthy cow groups. The results of limping cows according to individual diagnoses and pathological processes were also evaluated. The results show that impaired locomotion scores and individual pathological conditions had a negative effect on milk production. The results are different for individual milk components. However, there weren't statistically significant differences between groups for most of evaluated parameters.

The main objective of this thesis is to assess the influence of condition of Holstein cattle during the dry period on the quality of colostrum and on the milk yield. The assessment is based on Body Condition Score (BCS) performed on dairy cows during the dry period and, subsequently, after calving. The experiment was carried on from December 2015 to October 2016 in Mléčná farma Lubina, s. r. o. farm. The Body Condition Score was assessed in the dry period and then within a week after calving. The overall number of examined animals is 384 cows in the dry period and 384 cows after calving. An hour after calving, a sample of colostrum was taken and its quality was assessed by a manual refractometer ATC (with automatic temperature compensation). The parameters of milk yield were obtained from the milk yield examination of each dairy cow 100 days after calving. The experiment showed that the physical condition of dairy cows in the dry period was highly influential (P is smaller than 0,01) in the average BCS in component ranges and that the physical condition after calving was also highly influential (P is smaller than 0,01) in the average BCS in component ranges. Furthermore, the conclusive impact (P is smaller than 0,05) on the contents of proteins in milk of dairy cows with BCS is smaller or equal than 3 (3,77 %) and of dairy cows with optimum BCS of 3,25 to 3,75 (3,89 %) was proved. In case of succession of lactation periods, the conclusive impact (P is smaller than 0,01) was proved on milk yield of cows in their 2nd lactation period (38,16 kg) and cows in their 3rd lactation period (41,17 kg), as well as on cows in their 4th lactation period (38,59 kg). Also, the statistically conclusive impact (P is smaller than 0,01) on the contents of proteins in milk and of lactose of dairy cows in their 2nd lactation period (3,71 % a 5,03 %) and of dairy cows in their 4th lactation period and latter (4,10 % a 4,96 %) was proved. Other results weren´t statistically significant.

The quality of milk in cattle is influenced by many genes. One of them is gene CSN2. The aim of this diploma thesis was to test animal population of about 240 individuals of Jersey and Brown Swiss breed in Czech Republic. DNA was isolated from blood. Genotypes were determined by sequencing followed by determining genotypes and alleles frequencies. The association analysis of single nucleotide polymorphism with milk yield parameters was performed by using SAS program. The selected parameters were lactation days, milk yield (kg), fat content in milk (% and kg) and protein content (% and kg). These parameters were available for 126 animals. Statistically significant effect of CSN2 genotype on the selected milk production traits was not found in the studied population. Only effect of breed was found as statistically significant.

The thesis objective was to evaluate the results of bulk milk samples and individual milk samples taken during the performance control of dairy cows over one year, correlation analysis of mutual relationships between milk examined parameters and correlation analysis of milk composition and the temperature values. Next objective was to compare results of performance control between first-calvers and the dairy cows on the second and higher lactation and also use of results of milk samples to determine dairy cow health problems. The evaluation of nutrition and metabolism from bulk milk samples and the individual milk samples for the period from 4/2016 to 3/2017 was conducted in the ZD Dušejov. There are 480 dairy cows of Holstein at present. Comparison of bulk and individual milk samples results revealed the most important difference in the number of somatic cells (12 %) and urea (18 %). The differences are minimal for the other parameters. Based on the statistical comparison of individual samples, the first-calvers lower milk yield (17.2 %), than the cows on the second and higher lactation (P < 0.001), was found. In the early stages of lactation of first-calvers, there were recorded lower milk fat and higher lactose concentrations. The fact that the first-calvers have a healthier mammary gland shows the difference (P < 0.001) in the number of somatic cells. From the correlation of components of individual milk samples the closest relationship between the fat and the lactose/fat ratio (r = 0.95) and the relationship of citric acid to acetone (r = 0.76) was found. The most significant negative correlation was found between the milk yield and the day of lactation (r = -0.65) and milk fat (r = -0.57). Monitoring showed that the temperature affected the fat, protein (r = -0.88) and lactose concentration (r = -0.80). By the temperature rises, the risk of ketoses increases. This is confirmed by the results of relationship between the temperature and acetone and bethahydroxybutyrate concentrations (r = 0.87 and 0.85). Based on the use of fat/protein ratio as a suitable indicator of the effect of nutrition on the metabolism, it has been found that nearly half of the herd is threatened by the rumen acidosis. The rising risk of acidosis increases the number of mastitis treatments (r = 0.72; P < 0,01) and the incidence of inflamation the hoof (r = 0.45), which isn 't conclusive for low number of variables. Ketosis, according to the results of individual samples, is risk for average of 5 % of the herd. The positive correlation between the occurrence of placental retention and ketosis (r = 0.82; P < 0.01), was found.