No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

Cílem diplomové práce bylo vyhodnotit u stáda plemenic holštýnského skotu denní biorytmus jednotlivých kategorií chování a podchytit případné změny v průběhu pastevního období. Dále bylo cílem vyjádřit vztah pastvy a užitkovosti na základě dat ze sestav kontroly užitkovosti (kg mléka, % tuku, % bílkovin a % laktózy) a ukazatele plodnosti (inseminační interval a servis perioda).

Target of this thesis is the evaluation of the level of reproduction indicators of selected sheep breed Suffolk - raised primarily for meat. Evaluation of indicators has been made on Ing. Jan Houška & his son Jan Houška ml. farm in village Pístina. Evaluation of input data took place in years 2009 - 2012. Needed data has been provided from personal breeding archive of Ing. Jan Houška. Afterwards this data have been confronted with entries from performance recording of Sheep & Goats Breeders Union in Czech Republic in years 2009 - 2012. On the basis of results from performance control in this thesis are compared four indicators: fertilization rate, fertility rate, intensity rate and breeding rate. Next part of the thesis is focused on sheep breeding in ecological farming with emphasis mostly on the form of stabling, nutrition, pasture system and measuring of pasture workload. The thesis is also focused on cultivation of pasture herbage in area of CHKO Třeboňsko. The SWOT analysis is applied on the current state of the homestead in the last part of the thesis.

The aim of this doctoral thesis was to investigate the effects of dry period length and type of diet through dry and transition periods on feed intake, lactation performance, health status and reproduction of high-yielding dairy cows. The experiment was conducted with 29 high-yielding dairy cows which were divided into two groups. The control group (C; n=14) was assigned to a traditional dry period of approximately 60 d (57 +- 5.9 d) and was fed a far-off dry cow ration from dry-off until 21 d prepartum. From d 21 until calving, the cows were switched to a pre-calving ration containing an additional 3 kg of concentrates. The cows of experimental group (S; n=15) were assigned to a shortened dry period (35 +- 6.3 d) and were continuously fed a late-lactation diet until calving. After calving, both groups were fed the same lactation diet corresponding to their lactation requirements. Dry matter intake of the cows assigned to a shortened dry period and fed a late-lactation diet (17.1 kg/cow/d) was approximately 4.11 kg per cow/d greater compared with the control group (13.0 kg/cow/d) through 60 d prepartum (P=0.0004). After calving, however, the average dry matter intake was approximately 0.71 kg per cow/d higher in the control group (21.48 kg/cow/d (C) vs. 20.77 kg/cow/d (S); P>0.05). Cows with a shortened dry period produced approximately 3.34 kg/d (8.3%) less milk and had flatter lactation curves during the first 100 d of lactation. Through standardized lactation (305 days) cows produced in the average 10 583 kg (C) and 9 638 kg (S) of milk. No differences were observed in live body weight, body condition score or back-fat thickness between the treatments. Shortening the dry period and feeding a late-lactation diet increased the concentrations of VFA and decreased the rumen pH (P<0.05). No differences were observed in basic parameters of blood and rumen fluid after calving. The insemination interval of the cows with shortened dry period was in the average about 34 days shorter compared with conventional dry period (S 64.67 d vs. C 99.11; P=0.007). Shortening the dry period did not affect the colostrum quality or birth weights of the calves.

The focus of following thesis is to evaluate selected aspects of animal hygine of livestock husbandry in term of welfare in foothills area. The study covers two private-owned farms in the same area, however with entirely different attitude to stock husbandry. Welfare itself is not easy to quantify and to mesure, but we can pass judgment on the over-all comfort of stock using folowing indicators: health condition, reproductive potential, production efficiency etc.. All above memtioned indicators consist of many aspects. The most important are, alimentation, diet, technology of stockmanship and stress. This thesis involves comparsion of animal welfare and its economical utilization and if the condionts of stock husbandry provided by farmers response welfare standarts . To summe up, the technology of free housing respect more the ethological demand of stock.