<p>Diss. Stockholm : Handelshögskolan, 2010. Felaktigt angivet år på spikbladet</p>

The study examines to what extent weak labor unions and an abundance of labor have a negative effect on less developed countries terms of trade, as hypothesized by Hans Singer (1950) and Rául Prebisch (1950). Using a sample from panel data for 74 less developed countries during the period 1980 – 2010 in OLS-regressions with fixed effects, I find some evidence that weak labor unions and abundance of labor is negatively correlated with the terms of trade, which could be interpreted in favor of the Prebisch-Singer hypothesis. The marginal effect of an abundance of labor also appears to have less negative impact on the terms of trade as labor unions grow stronger.

Our aim is to gain knowledge of some areas of public services available to unemployed youngpeople in Sweden and to study how these services are implemented in practical social work. It was toview that what services are conducted for unemployed young people, why these services conductedand the outcome. The mainly causes of unemployment, effects on unemployment and needs ofunemployed young people were also examined in this research. A qualitative research method waschosen in this study. Through four semi-structured interviews with social workers and intervieweesfrom Social Services and Swedish Public Employment Office, their experience and own optionsupon the subject were shared. The results of the study are presented in three themes and analysedfrom the perspective of empowerment theory and welfare theory. The main result of our study is thatservices conducted for unemployed young people as the implementation of public policy comprisesmulti-dimensions and social work professions played an important role to help with improvement oftheir situation by meeting their needs and solving the problems they have in various ways during theprocess of intervention. Outcome of the services showed both positive influence and negativelimitations need to be improved in future work.

The aim of the study was to examine individuals' experiences of participating in 5 week mindfulness program as a tool for job seekers. Qualitative methods were used to inter­view three students and two mindfulness educators. The informants were asked to an­swer questions about their experiences of having participated or practiced mindfulness in the project.   The results showed that all respondents experienced the project as positive. The partici­pants describe that the project helped them to get out and meet other people and with routines in their life. The par­ticipants also said that unemployment caused alienation and they felt themselves to have poorer health when they were unemployed. Stress has been something that affected eve­ryone in different ways, but that all participants felt the stress when they were unem­ployed. All informants reported that mindfulness was a great tool for stress manage­ment, although some were skeptical about mindfulness when they initiated the project. / Arbetslösheten och ohälsan ökar i Sverige och forskning har visat att det kan finnas samband däremellan. Arbetslösa upplever även högre grad av stress än individer med arbete. För att hantera stress finns mindfulness som ett hjälpmedel, vilket arbetsmark­nadsprojektet har tagit till vara på. Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka individers upplevelser av att ha deltagit i en fem veckors mindfulness utbildning som ett hjälpme­del vid arbetssökande.  Kvalitativ metod användes för att intervjua tre deltagare och två mindfulnessutbildare som utfördes på LOK-centret i Sandviken. Informanterna fick svara på frågor om deras upplevelser av att ha deltagit eller utbildat i arbetsmarknads­projektet. Data analyserades med inspiration av induktiv innehållsanalys där intervju­erna transkriberades och delades upp i kategorier och teman.   Resultatet visade att samtliga informanter upplevde att projektet var någonting positivt. Projektet medförde att deltagarna fick komma ut och träffa andra människor och att det gav rutiner i deras liv. Arbetslöshet medförde utanförskap beskrev de tre deltagarna, och de upplevde sig själva ha sämre hälsa när de var arbetslösa än efter att ha deltagit i pro­grammet. Under tiden deltagarna var arbetslösa upplevde samtliga att de var stressade men både deltagare och utbildare ansåg att mindfulness var ett bra hjälpmedel vid han­tering av stress även om vissa var skeptiska till mindfulness från början.

Abstract Introduction: Unemployment cause poor health and poor health leads to unemployment. Those who are sedentary and experience unemployment may also experience negative effects on their physical and mental health such as obesity followed by cardiac illness, reduced muscle strength, chronic pain, anxiety and depression. All these factors can be categorised under physical and mental health, which are the essential factors for an optimal work ability. Methods: Our methods were to assess seven subjects (n = 7) of three male and four females, with the mean age of 35 ± 10 (25–54), who were all sedentary and long-term unemployed. These subjects were all part of a project organised by Halmstad Fastighet AB-Bureau (HFAB-Bureau) were they were undergoing education, coaching for employment and learning to apply for job. Our part in this project was to provide eight weeks of physical training to the subjects to reinforce their physical health which in turn supposed to improve their mental health. They were all assessed for grip strength with JAMAR® hydraulic hand dynamometer which represents overall muscle strength, BMI supplemented with waist circumference, blood pressure determination, self-assessing bodily pain with Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), anxiety and depression levels with Hospital Anxiety And Depression Scale (HADS) – a validated self-assessing questionnaire and Work Ability Index (WAI) by answering the self-assessing questionnaire for WAI. Results: T-test shows significance change in perceived pain over eight weeks of physical training as well as correlation between grip strength and perceived pain as well as anxiety and depression. No significant changes or correlations in remaining variables. Conclusion: Physical training contributes to decrease of chronic pain and physical training may give contribution to prevention of depression while increasing in muscle strength. Key word: Unemployment, mental health, physical health, physical training / Abstrakt Introduktion: Arbetslöshet leder till ohälsa och ohälsa leder till arbetslöshet. De som är inaktiva och arbetslösa kan också uppleva negativa effekter på deras fysiska och psykiska hälsa som fetma, följt av hjärt- och kärlsjukdomar, minskad muskelstyrka, kronisk smärta, ångest och depression. Alla dessa faktorer som kan kategoriseras under fysisk och psykisk hälsa, vilket är väsentliga faktorer för en optimal arbetsförmåga. Metod: Våra metoder för att bedöma sju deltagare (n = 7) varav tre män och fyra kvinnor, med medelåldern 35 ± 10 (25-54), där alla är inaktiva och långtidsarbetslösa. Deltagarna är en del av ett projekt som anordnas av Halmstad Fastighet AB-Byrå (HFAB-byrån), där de genomgår utbildning, coachning till sysselsättning och att lära sig att söka jobb. Vår del i detta projekt var att bidra med friskvård i åtta veckor för att stärka deltagarnas fysiska och mentala hälsa vilket i sin tur kan ha påverkan på deras arbetsförmåga. Samtliga undersöktes för greppstyrka med JAMAR ® hydraulisk dynamometer vilket motsvarar totalt muskelstyrka, BMI kompletteras med midjemått, blodtrycksmätning, självskattning av smärta med visuell analog skala (VAS), ångest och depression nivåer med Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) och Work Ability Index (WAI). Resultat: T-testet visar signifikans i upplevd smärta över åtta veckors fysisk träning samt sambandet mellan greppstyrka och upplevd smärta samt ångest och depression. Inga signifikanta korrelationer eller förändringar i de återstående variablerna. Konklusion: Fysisk träning bidrar till minskad kronisk smärta, samt att fysisk träning kan ha en preventiv effekt på depression så muskel styrkan ökar. Nyckelord: Arbetslöshet, mental hälsa, fysisk hälsa, fysisk träning / Med sikte på arbetslivet, HFAB-Byrån

Abstract Recent years, owing to the changes of employment environment and structure of production industry, the problem of ¡§structural unemployment¡¨ is resulted in serious outgoing of the business to cause the ratio rising of unemployment. According to the latest data of National Statistics in 2002, the unemployment rate was high up to 5.17%, that is the top record since so many years. Facing to the difficult economic problem of Taiwan, our government needs to find out a solution for unemployment. Based on aforesaid motivation, by means of voluntary and involuntary leaving the job among unemployment people, this research studied from personal behavior, quality of work, and employment channel and applied the logistic regression to process the empirical analysis. The result proved that no matter for people who are voluntary or involuntary leaving the job, the successful reemployment rate is higher for those who are higher education, served in big company for service industry, and obtain the job from non-official channel. From this study, the result proves that the following suggestions are provided for business management and policy to the companies and government: 1. Establish a warning notification system: Advise early to the people who are going to be fired or dismissed and seek for another employment chance for them to lower down the strike of unemployment. 2. Retraining programming: Provide employees with re-training plan to cultivate them to have more specialization capability in the future new career whenever required for the business. As a result, they can be reemployment within a short time. 3. Responsibility of Enterpriser: Meet the demand for long or short term on manpower strategy and draft out a manpower plan for business operation to fit for economic interest outcomes and reasonable manpower application. 4. Establish lifelong learning environment: Set-up a mechanism to let employees return back to receive the education in schools and obtain more new knowledge through various learning for high potential power to cope with competitors. Also, let them free from afraid for the change of structure and leaving their job, so they can be reemployment easily under great confidence.

<p>Abstract</p><p>This is unique study of import is of the greatest importance, since no studies of import</p><p>across regions have earlier been performed. Import is a driving force of innovations and</p><p>therefore most important for a stable growth. This master thesis is about interregional import,</p><p>as well as the strong spatial concentration of imports in the Swedish system of network.</p><p>Five hypothesises are presented in the last section of chapter two. The variables to be used</p><p>in the analysis are then divided into two main groups, before empirically tested in different</p><p>combinations of regression models.</p><p>The main conclusion of this thesis is a significant correlation between import, and the two</p><p>independent variables export and firm R&D, and its result goes in line with the theoretical</p><p>framework of this thesis, regional specialisation in import and export nodes.</p>

Thesis--Freie Universität Berlin. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. i-xxxix (3d group)).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--York University, 2001. Graduate Programme in Economics. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 101-103). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/yorku/fullcit?pNQ67897.

Since the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, military personnel participating in combat operations in Afghanistan and Iraq have been plagued by traditional barriers to successful labor market attachment such as health and mental health concerns, employer stigma, and difficulty translating military training and experience to the civilian market, but also by a lagging economy. Veteran status since Vietnam has historically been linked to negative employment outcomes over the life course. Currently, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reports an unemployment rate of 9.5% for male Iraq and Afghanistan Veterans, and a 12.1% rate for their female counterparts. Veterans aged 20-24 have a 20.1% unemployment rate, nearly five points higher than that of their civilian peers. To compound the problem, an overly passive labor market policy prevents access to education and training that civilian employers value most. As Veterans continue to separate from the armed forces the United States, employers and policymakers can choose to capitalize on their skills, experience, and willingness to serve, or risk alienating another generation of young service members. This paper addresses five key categories that serve as barriers to successful labor market attachment and summarizes both governmental and private-sector programs designed to assist military personnel in their transition to civilian work. Finally, it provides policy options for remedying the post-9/11 Veterans labor market transition problem through improving service coordination and delivery, deliberately developing human capital through military service, and increasing employer responsibility for skill development and labor market attachment. / text