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A GIS based Site Suitability Analysis for Shrimp Cultivation in the Coastal Region of BangladeshAbu Syeed, Kazi January 2007 (has links)
Bangladesh geographically comprised one of the largest delta landscapes of the world. Almost 6.7% of country’stotal area (147570 sqkm.) is covered byrivers and inland water bodies. These water bodies being rich in fishproduction meet the majority of the demand of protein. Bangladesh produces world's fourth largest quantity of fishand it is collected from the inland water bodies. Though shrimps were easily available in the inland water bodies forhundreds of years but shrimp culture as an export-oriented activity is a phenomenon of recent past. Bangladeshearned US$ 2.9 million by exporting shrimp in 1972-73 which was 1 % of the country's total exports. It increased to US$ 33 million in 1980 and to US$ 90.0 million in 1985. But until the mid-1980’s shrimp culture was principallydependent on open-water catches of shrimp it means that time shrimps were not cultivated in a proper planned way.But the culture of shrimp totally for export purpose started after the mid 1980’s. Since then the professional cultivation of shrimp had a very positive and effective impact on the economy of Bangladesh. Exports of shrimpfrom Bangladesh increased from US$ 91 million in FY (Fiscal Year) 1986 to US$ 280 million in FY1997. Duringthe corresponding period, the quantity of shrimp exports increased from 17.2 thousand tonnes to 25.2 thousandtonnes. As most of the shrimp farms have been developed without considering the sustainability of the environmentand some other factors like water pH & salinity, soil pH & salinity, soil texture etc. the farmers are getting lessreturn but affecting the environment most. Geographical Information System (GIS) can give an easier but effectivesolution here through selecting the best suitable sites for shrimp cultivation. Moreover GIS can solve thetransportation problem of this perishable product from the production area to the harbor or airport through transport route selection. This cansave a lot of money and time and consequently make the shrimp cultivation moreeconomic.
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Índice de uniformidade de plantio como indicador estratégico na eucaliptocultura / Planting uniformity index as forest strategic indicator for EucalyptusBalcão, Ivan Fillietaz 25 February 2019 (has links)
A silvicultura brasileira tem mais de 100 anos de desenvolvimento, o melhoramento genético do Eucalyptus tem mais de 60 anos no Brasil. Todos esse conhecimento é o que torna o Brasil um dos países mais competitivos na produção florestal. Porém essa competitividade cem caindo, principalmente ligado ao alto custo de produção que no ano de 2017 foi maior do que a inflação. Inovações no processo produtivo do Eucalyptus são necessárias para que se mantenha a competitividade. A maioria dos plantios na atualidade são clonais, garantindo um potencial de crescimento geneticamente igual, porém isso não garante a uniformidade de desenvolvimento, pois a silvicultura tem um papel importante na disponibilização dos recursos para um desenvolvimento uniforme das plantas. O índice de uniformidade demonstra a similaridade do desenvolvimento dos indivíduos no plantio. Esse índice, em plantios clonais, principalmente, é afetado pela qualidade operacional da silvicultura. A uniformidade de plantio já foi demonstrada como indicador de qualidade da silvicultura, sendo possível realizar avaliações comerciais por meio dela. Porém, não é estabelecido um método que de um conceito de quando a variação do índice de uniformidade é um sinal de mudanças de comportamento da qualidade da silvicultura. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo aplicar e validar um método de avaliação da qualidade operacional da silvicultura que auxilie e facilite em decisões estratégicas. Para tanto, foi empregado como indicador o índice de uniformidade e a ocorrência de mudanças verificadas por meio do gráfico de comportamento de processo. Foram avaliadas duas regiões e 4 métodos de reforma. Conclui-se que o método de avaliação é válido e consegue captar os efeitos das mudanças relacionadas aos 6 M\'s Diagrama de causa e efeito e que mesmo a empresa tendo realizado mudanças que geraram melhora no índice de uniformidade, ainda é necessário buscar mais adequações para o atingimento da voz do cliente. / The Brazilian silviculture has more than 100 years of development, the Eucalyptus genetic improvement of has more than 60 years in Brazil. All this knowledge is what makes Brazil one of the most competitive countries in forest production. However, this competitiveness fell, mainly linked to the high cost of production, that in 2017 was higher than inflation. Innovations in the Eucalyptus productive process are necessary to maintain competitiveness. Most plantations today are clonal, ensuring a genetically equal growth potential, but this does not guarantee uniformity of development, since forestry plays an important role in making resources available for uniform plant development. The uniformity index demonstrates the similarity of individuals\' development in planting. This index, in clonal plantations, is mainly affected by the operational quality of forestry. The uniformity of planting has already been demonstrated as an indicator of the forestry quality, and commercial evaluations can be made through it. However, a method is not established that from a concept of when the variation of the uniformity index is a sign of behavioral changes in the forestry quality. The present work had as objective to apply and to validate a method of evaluation of the operational quality of forestry that helps and facilitates in strategic decisions. For that, the index of uniformity and the occurrence of changes verified through the process behavior chart were used as indicators. Two regions and four reform methods were evaluated. It is concluded that the evaluation method is valid and is able to capture the effects of the changes related to the 6 M\'s Cause and Effect Diagram and that even the company having made changes that generated an improvement in the uniformity index, it is still necessary to seek further adjustments for the the voice of the customer.
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