Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / The “total-etch” or “etch-and-rinse” systems have been the gold standard of dental bonding for decades. However, these systems are very technique-sensitive and time-consuming compared to newer “self-etch” or “self-adhesive” systems and have been implicated in cases of postoperative sensitivity. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of two surface treatment protocols (self-etch vs. selective-etch) on the clinical performance of a universal adhesive and resin composite in Class V non-carious cervical lesions (NCCLs). Thirty-three volunteer subjects (17 male; 16 female; age range = 20 to 75 years) having at least two NCCLs were selected from patients of record at Indiana University School of Dentistry. Each subject received one resin composite restoration (Tetric EvoCeram, Ivoclar Vivadent) utilizing a self-etch (SfE) universal adhesive (Adhese Universal, Ivoclar Vivadent) with no separate enamel etching and another restoration utilizing adhesive and selective enamel etching (SelE) with 37% phosphoric acid (H3PO4). Both the adhesive and composite were placed following the manufacturer’s instructions. The two techniques were compared for differences in sensitivity, retention, marginal discoloration, marginal adaptation, and clinical acceptability at baseline and 6 months using the Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel tests for stratified, ordered categorical outcomes. Seventy-four restorations (37 SfE, 37 SelE) in 30 volunteers were evaluated at 12 months. No significant differences were found between the SfE and SelE groups for any variable at the 12-month recall (p>0.21). Retention was 100% at 12 months for both groups. Marginal adaptation was significantly worse at 12 months than at baseline for SelE (p=0.0163), but there was no difference for SfE (p=0.08). Sensitivity improved significantly from baseline to 12 months for both SelE (p=0.0113) and SfE (p=0.0128). The results obtained from this study are comparable to results observed in similar studies. Like similar studies involving self-etch adhesives in non-carious cervical lesions, our study showed no restorations lost to caries and excellent retention. The deterioration of selective-etch dentin margins was a result that differed from similar studies. A likely explanation for this finding would be the difficulty of controlling precise placement of phosphoric acid gel, causing undesired etching of dentin; this could result in suboptimal bonding to dentin. This report on 12-month data for a two-year study indicates significantly reduced sensitivity for both the SelE and SfE groups, and deterioration of SelE marginal adaptation. No decreases in retention, marginal discoloration, or clinical acceptability were observed in either group.

Das Ziel der vorliegenden randomisierten, klinisch kontrollierten, prospektiven Studie war es, die Leistungsfähigkeit des Universaladhäsivs 3M™ Scotchbond™ Universal (SBU) bei dessen Anwendung an nicht kariösen Zahnhalsläsionen (NCCL) klinisch und mit optischer Kohärenztomografie (OCT) zu bewerten. An 55 Patienten wurde das Universaladhäsiv in den Konditionierungsmodi self-etch (SE, n = 55), selective-enamel-etch (SEE, n = 55) und etch-and-rinse (ER, n = 55) in Kombination mit dem Komposit Filtek™ Supreme XTE angewendet. Das etablierte Etch-and-rinse-Adhäsiv OptiBond™ FL (OFL) diente als Referenzsystem (n = 55). Die Restaurationen wurden nach 14 Tagen (Baseline), sechs und 12 Monaten klinisch untersucht (FDI-Kriterien). Parallel dazu erfolgte die quantitative Bewertung der interfazialen Spaltformationen am Schmelz und Dentin/Zement mit OCT, welche erstmals bereits direkt nach Füllungslegung vorgenommen wurde. Die kumulativen Fehlerraten (CFR), die klinischen Parameter Randverfärbung, Randadaptation und Frakturen/Retention, sowie die gemittelten adhäsiven Defekte pro Gruppe wurden statistisch ausgewertet. Nach 12 Monaten ergaben sich in allen Gruppen mit SBU signifikant geringere kumulative Fehlerraten als in der Kontrollgruppe OFL. Unmittelbar nach Füllungslegung sowie nach sechs und 12 Monaten konnten an der Schmelz-Komposit-Interface in der Gruppe SBU/SE mehr adhäsive Defekte als in den Gruppen SBU/SEE und OFL nachgewiesen werden. An der dominierenden Dentin/Zement-Komposit-Interface zeigte sich hingegen in der Gruppe OFL generell ein signifikant höheres Verbundversagen. Sowohl die klinische als auch die tomografische Bewertung ergaben ein geringeres Verbundversagen in den Gruppen mit SBU im Vergleich zu OFL. Dabei resultierte auch aus der unbeabsichtigten Phosphorsäureätzung am Dentin bei selektiver Schmelzätzung kein Nachteil. Mit OCT konnten signifikante Gruppenunterschiede früher als mit der klinischen Bewertung, nämlich bereits unmittelbar nach Füllungslegung, dargestellt und reproduziert werden. Das verdeutlicht die hohe Sensitivität und Reliabilität der Methode zur Bewertung des Zahn-Komposit-Verbundes und lässt sehr viel frühere Aussagen zur klinischen Bewährung von Systemen zur Restauration mit Kompositen zu.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / Background: All-ceramic restorations have excellent esthetic outcomes compared with other restorative materials. Lithium disilicate is classified as one of many silica-based all-ceramic materials. Currently, companies have provided single-step adhesives, known as universal adhesives, compatible with different restorative materials including lithium disilicate. Many studies have reported greater bond strengths when using a silane to treat the lithium disilicate before applying the bonding agent. Moreover, few studies were published comparing the bond strength when using the universal adhesive alone. Purpose: The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare shear bond strength of three universal adhesives to lithium disilicate ceramic restorative material. Materials and Methods: Three universal adhesive bonding agents were selected from commercially available adhesives. 408 IPS e.max CAD ceramic discs were processed, fired, and etched for 20s. The specimens were divided into six groups. The first three groups used the universal adhesive directly. The remaining three groups were treated with silane. Then, a composite resin cylinder was placed on top of the adhesive using a bonding jig. Each group was subdivided into four equal subgroups (n = 17), subjected to different aging simulation procedures: 24 h, one month with 5000 thermocycles, two months with 5000 cycles, and three months with 5000 cycles. Then, specimens were debonded using shear force by a universal testing machine (MTS). Results: Shear bond strength was greater with silane than without silane (p < 0.0001), regardless of the levels of adhesive or time. Shear bond strength was significantly greater at 24h and 1m than at 2m (p < 0.0001) or 3m (p < 0.0001) regardless of the adhesive or the presence of silane. Debonded specimens were examined under a stereomicroscope at X45 magnification to evaluate the fracture pattern. SEM was used to prove the results were considered as mixed failure. Conclusion: The optimal bonds to lithium disilicate are achieved by application of silane prior to application of a universal adhesive. Although the constituent silane in the universal adhesive was not effective in optimizing the resin to ceramic bond, silane should always be applied to lithium disilicate prior to bonding.

Das Ziel dieser randomisierten, klinischen 12-Monatsstudie war die Untersuchung der Performance des Universaladhäsivs iBond® Universal an Restaurationen von nicht-kariöse Zahnhalsläsionen (NCCL) sowohl klinisch mittels FDI Kriterien als auch mittels Analyse des Zahn-Komposit-Verbundversagens mittels optischer Kohärenztomografie (OCT). An 50 Patienten wurden je drei bzw. vier NCCLs mit dem Universaladhäsiv iBond Universal (iBU, Kulzer) in den Konditionierungsmodi self-etch (iBU-SE, n = 50), selective-enamel-etch (iBU-SEE, n = 29) und etch-and-rinse (iBU-ER, n = 50) und mittels des Komposit Venus® Diamond Flow restauriert. Als Referenzadhäsiv (Kontrollgruppe) diente das Etch-and-rinse-Adhäsiv OptiBond™ FL (OFL, Kerr, n = 50). Die quantitative Bewertung der interfazialen Spaltformation an Schmelz und Dentin/Zement mittels OCT begann bereits initial (direkt nach Füllungslegung), nach 14 Tagen, nach sechs und zwölf Monaten, während die klinische Bewertung mittels FDI-Kriterien erst nach 14 Tagen begann und dann parallel zur tomografischen Untersuchung erfolgte. Es wurden die kumulativen Fehlerraten (für Randverfärbung, Randadaptation, Frakturen/Retention) berechnet und Kaplan-Meier-Kurven erstellt sowie die gemittelten adhäsiven Defekte pro Gruppe statistisch ausgewertet. Nach zwölf Monaten waren die kumulativen Fehlerraten mit iBU in allen Applikationsmodi signifikant (iBU-SE, iBU-SEE, Fehlerraten je 0,0%) bzw. nicht signifikant (iBU-ER, Fehlerrate 2,1%) geringer als mit OFL. Es ergaben sich für die Randadaptation und Randverfärbung keine signifikanten Gruppenunterschiede, lediglich bei der Gruppe OFL wurden tendentiell beim Kriterium Randadaptation mehr Restaurationen mit Score 2 bewertet als in der Gruppe iBU-SE. Die interfazialen Spalte nahmen innerhalb von 12 Monaten in allen Gruppen signifikant zu. Am Schmelz wurden für iBU-SE von initial bis zwölf Monate signifikant mehr adhäsive Defekte als in der Gruppe OFL und von t1 bis t3 signifikant mehr im Vergleich zu iBU-ER sowie ab t2 bis t3 mehr gegenüber iBU-SEE festgestellt. Am Dentin/Zement wurden mit iBU in allen Modi signifikant weniger adhäsive Defekte als mit OFL sowie ab t2 bis t3 weniger im Modus SE gegenüber ER festgestellt. Das mit dem Referenzadhäsiv OFL im Vergleich zu iBU signifikant häufigere Verbundversagen an der Dentin/Zement-Komposit-Interface (OCT) korrespondiert mit dem nach 12 Monaten signifikant erhöhten Auftreten von Füllungsverlusten in dieser Gruppe. Mit OCT waren die Gruppenunterschiede bereits initial (iBU-SEE, Dentin) bzw. nach 14 Tagen (alle Modi, Dentin und Dentin/Zement) statistisch verifizierbar. Die klinische Bewertung der Restauration lässt diese Aussage erst nach 12 Monaten für die Gruppen iBU-SE und iBU-ER (Trend) zu. Das gesteigerte Verbundversagen an der Dentin-Komposit- bzw. Dentin/Zement-Komposit-Interface in der Gruppe iBU-ER im Vergleich zur Gruppe iBU-SE hat sich hingegen klinisch nach 12 Monaten noch nicht durch eine geringere Retentionsrate in Gruppe iBU-ER manifestiert. Anhand der geringeren Streuung der Messwerte lässt sich vermuten, dass das Universaladhäsiv iBond Universal insbesondere im Modus SEE gegenüber OFL weniger techniksensitiv ist. Die optische Kohärenztomographie ermöglicht das Monitoring von Restaurationen, insbesondere die Progression des interfazialen Zahn-Komposit-Verbundversagens. Die Bewertung des Zahn-Komposit-Verbundversagens könnte geeignet sein, um die klinische Bewährung eines Adhäsivs frühzeitig zu beurteilen.:1. Einführung in die Thematik 1.1 Adhäsivsysteme 1.2 Methoden zur Bewertung des adhäsiven Verbundes in vivo 1.3 Optische Kohärenztomografie 2. Zielsetzungen und Hypothesen 3. Publikationsmanuskript 4. Zusammenfassung 5. Literaturverzeichnis 6. Darstellung des eigenen Beitrags 7. Selbstständigkeitserklärung 8. Wissenschaftliche Veröffentlichung 9. Lebenslauf 34 10. Danksagung 35

The effectiveness of a universal adhesive applied in three application modes for the preparation of Class V composite restorations was evaluated both clinically and by quantitative marginal analysis (QMA) over 36 months. In 50 patients, three (n = 21) or four (n = 29) non-carious cervical lesions (NCCL) were restored with Venus® Diamond Flow (Kulzer GmbH, Hanau, Germany).The adhesive iBond® Universal (iBU, Kulzer, Germany) was used in self-etch (SE), etch-and-rinse (ER), or selective-enamel-etch mode (SEE).The etch-and-rinse adhesive OptiBondTM FL served as a control (OFL, Kerr GmbH, Herzogenrath, Germany).The restorations were clinically assessed (FDI criteria) at 14 days (BL), 6, 12, 24, and 36 months. Additionally, QMA was conducted on all restorations of 11 randomly selected patients. FDI criteria and marginal gap and perfect margin were compared between and within groups and recalls using McNemar, Wilcoxon, or Mann–Whitney-U-tests (α = 0.05). Starting with 12 months, cumulative failure rates were lower in iBU-SE (0.0%, p = 0.016) and iBU-ER groups (2.1%, p = 0.07) compared to OFL (16.7%). At two years, iBU-SEE also showed fewer failures (0.0%SEE vs. 34.6%OFL, p = 0.016), as did iBU-SE compared to iBU-ER after 36 months (2.2 and 19.6%, p = 0.039). From BL, the iBU-SEE group always had the fewest marginal gaps and the highest percentage of perfect margins. From BL, iBU-SEE (0%, p = 0.008) and iBU-ER (0.2%, p = 0.027) showed significantly fewer marginal gaps compared to OFL (2.5%) and more perfect margins were found with iBU-SEE starting at 6 months (p = 0.054).The SEE and ER modes ensured the most excellent marginal quality, with differences from the control appearing earlier with QMA than clinically. In restoring NCCls, iBU showed superior clinical performance over OFL, especially in modes SE and SEE.

Esta pesquisa in vitro avaliou a influência do aquecimento de diferentes agentes de acoplamento na resistência de união de um cimento resinoso (Panavia F2.0®/Kuraray Noritake. Japão) e uma zircônia (Y-TZP - YZ ). Inicialmente, placas de zircônia foram silicatizadas com o sistema Rocatec (3M / ESPE). Foram aplicados os agentes de acoplamento químico: Single Bond Universal (3M/ESPE); Monobond N (Ivoclar Vivadent) e Clearfil Ceramic Primer (Kuraray Co); após, foram aquecidos em um forno resistivo em diferentes temperaturas (750C e 1000C) por 5 min, antes da cimentação resinosa de um cilindro de resina composta previamente confeccionado (diam. 0,8 mm). Os grupos controle de cada agente de acoplamento foram mantidos à temperatura ambiente (240C). Metade dos corpos-de-prova foi submetida imediatamente ao teste de microcisalhamento (0,5 mm/min) realizado com auxílio de um fio ortodôntico e a outra metade envelhecida por meio de a 2.000 ciclos térmicos (50C e 550C), seguido de armazenamento em água destilada a 370 C por 2 meses, antes do ensaio mecânico. A análise de variância de três fatores (ANOVA) e o teste de Tukey (p?0,05) mostraram que o aquecimento dos agentes químicos de acoplamento produziu maiores valores de resistência de união entre o cimento e a zircônia. A resistência de união imediata foi superior para o Monobond N (30 MPa) e Single Bond Universal (32,5 MPa). Após o envelhecimento, houve redução da resistência de união em todos os grupos e o grupo Monobond N (16,9 MPa) apresentou resistência de união superior à dos demais. A associação de um tratamento térmico simples a um agente de acoplamento é válida para produzir resistência de união superior entre o cimento resinoso e a zircônia. / This in vitro study evaluated the influence of the heating different coupling agents on microshear bond strength between zirconia (Y-TZP-YZ ) and a resin cement (Panavia F2.0® / Kuraray Noritake, Japan). Initially, the zirconia blocks were silicoated with the Rocatec system (3M / ESPE). After, the chemical coupling agents were applied: Single Bond Universal (3M / ESPE); Monobond N (Ivoclar Vivadent) and Clearfil Ceramic Primer (Kuraray Co). They were then heated in a resistive furnace at different temperatures (750C and 1000C) for 5 min prior to resin cementation of a preformed resin composite cilinder (0.8 mm diameter). Control groups were maintained at room temperature (240C). Half of the specimens were immediately submitted to the microshear test (0.5 mm/min) performed with an orthodontic wire and the other half was subjected to 2,000 thermal cycles (50C and 550C), followed by storage in distilled water at 370C for 2 months before the microshear test. 3-way ANOVA and Tukey\'s test (p<0.05) showed that the heating of the chemical coupling agents produced higher bond strength between the ceramic and resin cement. Immediate bond strength was superior for Monobond N (30 MPa) and Single Bond Universal (32,5 MPa). After aging, there was reduction of bond strength in all groups and the Monobond N group (16,9 MPa) was superior to the others. The combination of a simple heat treatment with a coupling agent is valid to produce greater bond strength.

Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar dentina e esmalte irradiados com diferentes doses de radiação ionizante com raios-x (20, 40 e 70Gy), através da microdureza, morfologia superficial, conteúdo mineral e resistência de união com adesivo de condicionamento total de 2 etapas (Adper Single Bond 2) e um novo sistema adesivo, universal, com a técnica auto-condicionante (Universal Single Bond). Oitenta e quatro terceiros molares humanos foram cortados, separados e preparados para cada ensaio. Para os ensaios de microdureza e microcisalhamento as amostras foram incluídas em resina acrílica e polidas. Para a microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV) e espectrometria de energia dispersiva de raios-x (EDS), as amostras foram fixadas em solução de glutaraldeído 3%, lavadas em solução de cacodilato 0,1M e desidratadas em álcool etílico crescente. A microdureza (n=30) foi realizada pré e pós-radioterapia, com força de 50gf em esmalte cervical, médio e oclusal e 25gf em dentina profunda, média e rasa, por 30s. As amostras para o microcisalhamento foram divididas em 4 grupos (n=20) e 2 subgrupos (n=10) conforme o sistema adesivo. Foram construídos 3 corpos de prova cilíndricos com 1mm de diâmetro e altura em cada amostra. O teste de microcisalhamento foi realizado em máquina de ensaio universal com velocidade de 1mm/min. Os resultados indicam perda de propriedade de microdureza apenas em esmalte cervical em todas as três doses (20Gy pré-radioterapia: 298,04±11,80 e pós-radioterapia: 294,36±16,68; 40Gy pré-radioterapia: 285±19,45 e pósradioterapia: 275,3±36; 70Gy pré-radioterapia: 291,98±16,51 e pós-radioterapia: 283,68 ± 21,64) e em dentina em todas as profundidades (profunda: 20Gy préradioterapia: 57,79±1,96; pós-radioterapia: 55,37±1,30; 40Gy pré-radioterapia: 57,31±1,76; pós-radioterapia: 55,83±1,63; 70Gy não apresentou alterações; média: 20Gy pré-radioterapia: 58,05±1,79; pós-radioterapia: 55,36±1,20; 40Gy préradioterapia: 57,87± 2,04; pós-radioterapia: 55,65 ± 2,48; 70Gy não apresentou alterações; rasa: 20Gy pré-radioterapia: 56,60±12,17; pós-radioterapia: 55,18±2,57; 40Gy pré-radioterapia: 57,36±2,78; pós-radioterapia: 55,18± 2,57; 70Gy préradioterapia: 55,08±1,94; pós-radioterapia: 54,72±2,57). O teste de microcisalhamento não apresentou diferença significativa entre grupo controle e as 3 doses, tanto para esmalte (p=0,325) como para dentina (p=0,719), apresentando o adesivo Universal Single Bond, em dentina, a resistência de união mais satisfatória. A análise de padrão de fratura para dentina, indicou um maior número de rupturas coesivas em dentina na dose 70Gy quando comparada ao grupo controle. Em esmalte prevaleceram as fraturas do tipo adesivas. As eletromicrografias apresentaram alterações apenas em esmalte na dose 70Gy, com prismas de esmalte mais curtos e arredondados. O EDS mostrou que o conteúdo mineral permaneceu intacto em ambos substratos. Dentro das limitações de um estudo in vitro, conclui-se que a radiação ionizante apresenta maior interação preferencialmente em dentina, no entanto, o EDS mostra não haver modificação no conteúdo mineral em ambos substratos. Existe uma diminuição da microdureza em dentina, porém as alterações não são suficientes para interferir na resistência de união dos substratos irradiados, que mostraram resultados mais satisfatórios com o sistemas adesivos universal, utilizando-se a técnica auto-condicionante. / The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different doses (20Gy, 40Gy and 70Gy) of ionizing radiation with x-rays in the microhardness, superficial morphology, mineral content and bonding effectiveness with a 2 steps all-etch adhesive (Adper Single Bond 2) and the new generation of adhesive, the universal adhesive system, (Universal Single Bond), using the self-etch technique. Eighty-four third molars were cutted, separed and prepared for each assay. For the microshear-bond and microhardness the samples were included in acrylic resin and then polished. For the scanning electron miscroscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS), the samples were fixated in a 3% glutaraldehyde solution, washed in 0,1M cacodylate solution and dehydrated in increscent concentrations of ethyl alcohol. The microhardness (n=30) was held pre and post radiotherapy with 50gf on cervical, middle and occlusal enamel and 25kg on superficial, middle and deep dentin, both cases with 30s. The microshear-bond was divided in 4 groups (n=20) and 2 subgroups (n=10) according to the adhesive system. Three cylinders were built with 1mm in diameter and heigh in every sample. The assay were accomplished at an universal testing machine with 1mm/min. Results indicate loss of microhardness properties only in cervical enamel at all 3 doses (20Gy pre-radiotheraphy: 298,04 ± 11,80 and post-radiotherapy: 294,36 ± 16,68; 40Gy pre-radiotherapy: 285 ± 19,45 and post-radiotherapy: 275,3 ± 36; 70Gy pre-radiotherapy: 291,98 ± 16,51 and post-radiotherapy: 283,68 ± 21,64) and in all dentin depths (deep: 20Gy preradiotherapy: 57,79 ± 1,96; post-radiotherapy: 55,37 ± 1,30; 40Gy pre-radiotherapy: 57,31 ± 1,76; post-radiotherapy: 55,83 ± 1,63; 70Gy showed no alteration; Middle: 20Gy pre-radiotherapy: 58,05 ± 1,79; post-radiotherapy: 55,36 ± 1,20; 40Gy preradiotherapy: 57,87 ± 2,04; post-radiothetrapy: 55,65 ± 2,48; 70Gy showed no alteration; Superficial: 20Gy pre-radioterapia: 56,60 ± 12,17; post-radiotrapia: 55,18 ± 2,57; 40Gy pre-radiotherapy: 57,36 ± 2,78; post-radiotherapy: 55,18 ± 2,57; 70Gy pre-radiotherapy: 55,08 ± 1,94; post-radiotherapy: 54,72 ± 2,57). The microshearbond test did not show significant difference between the control group and the 3 doses, both enamel (p=0.325) and dentin (p=0.719), showing better bonding with Universal Single Bond adhesive in dentin. The fracture pattern analysis indicated a larger number of cohesive failure in dentine with the 70Gy dose when compared with control group. The micrographs showed changes only on enamel at 70Gy dose, with shorter and rounder prisms. EDS test indicated no changes in mineral content for both substrates. Knowing the limitations of an in vitro study, it were concluded that ionizing radiation shows deleterious effects preferentially in dentin, probably due to it\'s high organic content, since EDS showed no modifications both enamel and dentin. There is a reduction in microhardness on dentin, but the changes are not enough to interfere at bonding properties of irradiated substrates, showing better results when used the universal adhesive with the self-etch techniques.

Submitted by PPG Odontologia (odontologia-pg@pucrs.br) on 2018-05-28T13:41:25Z No. of bitstreams: 1 RAQUEL_DE_OLIVEIRA_LOPES_TES.pdf: 2230148 bytes, checksum: a749d045cae0f8098669b38fe6b648b6 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2018-06-11T18:19:23Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 RAQUEL_DE_OLIVEIRA_LOPES_TES.pdf: 2230148 bytes, checksum: a749d045cae0f8098669b38fe6b648b6 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-11T18:25:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RAQUEL_DE_OLIVEIRA_LOPES_TES.pdf: 2230148 bytes, checksum: a749d045cae0f8098669b38fe6b648b6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-01-17 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / (Artigo Os adesivos universais s?o t?o eficientes quanto um primer para a ades?o ? zirc?nia?) O objetivo do trabalho foi comparar a resist?ncia de uni?o ? cer?mica de zirc?nia de quatro adesivos universais e um primer para zirc?nia. Setenta e cinco amostras de zirc?nia foram confeccionadas e inclu?das em resina acr?lica. A superf?cie das amostras foi polida com lixas de carbeto de sil?cio nas granula??es 600, 800 e 1.200 e jateadas com ?xido de alum?nio 50 ?m por 5 s. As amostras foram divididas aleatoriamente em cinco grupos (n=15): G1 ? Single Bond Universal (SBU); G2 ? All Bond Universal (ABU); G3 ? Peak Universal Bond (PUB); G4 ? Ambar Universal (AU) e G5 ? Z-Prime Plus (ZP). Um cone de resina composta foi constru?do, atrav?s de uma matriz, sobre o material adesivo aplicado na superf?cie das amostras. Os corpos de prova foram armazenados em ?gua destilada a 37?C por 24 h, sendo submetidos ao teste de resist?ncia de uni?o ? tra??o em m?quina de ensaio universal EMIC com velocidade de 0,5 mm/min. Os tipos de falhas foram classificados em adesiva, coesiva ou mista. Os valores de resist?ncia de uni?o foram submetidos ? an?lise de vari?ncia (ANOVA), seguido do teste de Tukey (?=0,05). M?dias de resist?ncia de uni?o (MPa) seguidas de letras distintas diferem estatisticamente entre si: G5=21,12a, G1=20,55a, G4=19,12ab, G2=14,22b, G3=8,45c. As falhas foram predominantemente mistas no G1, G4 e G5, e predominantemente adesivas no G2 e G3. Os adesivos SBU e AU obtiveram resist?ncia de uni?o compar?vel ao ZP. / (Artigo Bond to zirconia ceramic: evaluation of different primers and a universal adhesive) The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of a universal adhesive and different primers on the bond strength to zirconia ceramic. Seventy-five zirconia ceramic samples were obtained and divided into five groups (n=15): G1 ? Scothbond Universal (SBU); G2 ? silane + SBU; G3 - Signum Zirconia Bond; G4 - Z-Prime Plus; G5 - MZ Primer. A cone of composite resin was built. The specimens were stored in 100% relative humidity with distilled water at 37?C for 48 h, and then submitted to a tensile bond strength test in a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. The type of failure that occurred during the debonding procedure was analyzed. The mean results of the bond strength test (MPa) followed by the same letter represent no statistical difference by ANOVA and Tukey?s post-hoc test (p<0.05): G2=27.55a (?6.99), G4=23.71a (?5.65), G1=22.64a (?5.67), G5=13.64b (?5.49), G3=7.54c (?4.75). G2 and G4 exhibited predominantly cohesive failure in the resin composite cone. G1 and G5 had predominantly mixed failures, and G3 exhibited only adhesive failures. The SBU and Z-Prime Plus provided higher bond strength to zirconia ceramic. / (Artigo Os adesivos universais s?o t?o eficientes quanto um primer para a ades?o ? zirc?nia?) The aim of the study was to compare four universal adhesives and a primer on the bond strength to zirconia ceramic. Seventy-five zirconia ceramic samples were obtained and embedded in acrylic resin. The surface of the samples was polished with 600-, 800- and 1200-grit silicon carbide abrasive papers, and sandblasted with 50 ?m aluminum oxide particles for 5 s. The samples were divided into five groups (n=15): Single Bond Universal (SBU); G2 ? All Bond Universal (ABU); G3 ? Peak Universal Bond (PUB); G4 ? Ambar Universal (AU) e G5 ? Z-Prime Plus (ZP). A cone of composite resin was built on the adhesives and primer applied. The specimens were stored in distilled water at 37oC for 24 h, and then submitted to a tensile bond strength test in a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. The type of failure that occurred during the debonding procedure was classified as adhesive, cohesive or mixed. The values of bond strength were analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey?s test (?=0.05). Means of bond strength (MPa) followed by the distinct letters represent statistical difference: G5=21,12a, G1=20,55a, G4=19,12ab, G2=14,22b, G3=8,45c. The failures were predominantly mixed in G1, G4 and G5, and predominantly adhesive in G2 and G3. SBU and AU adhesives obtained bond strength comparable to ZP.

Submitted by SBI Biblioteca Digital (sbi.bibliotecadigital@puc-campinas.edu.br) on 2018-03-15T13:19:19Z No. of bitstreams: 1 RENATA ELIZA PAVANELLO.pdf: 1818495 bytes, checksum: 584f82239d012d948febe192c32331a9 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-15T13:19:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RENATA ELIZA PAVANELLO.pdf: 1818495 bytes, checksum: 584f82239d012d948febe192c32331a9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-02 / The aim of this paper was to evaluate the influence of acid etching on the bond strength of the universal adhesive system in caries-affected-dentin. For this experimental study, 40 erupted permanent third molars were selected at the Dental Clinic of the PUC-Campinas with Free and Informed Consent Term signed by the patients. Removal of the occlusal third with double - sided diamond disc and flat dentin surfaces obtained by sanding was done. The lesion of the caries was developed by microbiological method with S. mutans strain ATCC25175. The teeth were divided into 4 groups (n = 10): AF-I: phosphoric acid conditioning and application of the Universal Single Bond adhesive system - immediate microtensile test; AF-DC: phosphoric acid conditioning and application of the Universal Single Bond adhesive system and microtensile test after cariogenic challenge; SAF-I: application of the Universal Single Bond adhesive system without acid etching and immediate microtensile test and SAF-DC: application of the Universal Single Bond adhesive system without acid etching and microtensile test after carig?nico challenge. A composite resin block was made in the affected dentin. Each tooth / adhesive / resin block was sectioned with diamond discs coupled to the Isomet cutting machine in parallel planes obtaining test pieces in the shape of sticks, with a cross-sectional area of 1 mm2. Microtensile test was performed. Only adhesive / mixed fractures were considered for bond strength calculation. The results were evaluated by the Kruskal-Wallis test (Student-Newman-Keuls) and Friedman. The higher bond strength occurred in the groups in which the phosphoric acid conditioning was done (p <0.05). There was no significant difference in union strength after cariogenic challenge (p> 0.05). The type of fracture was predominantly adhesive. It was concluded that phosphoric acid caused increased bond strength of the Universal Single Bond adhesive system in caries affected dentin and the cariogenic challenge did not interfere in the bond strength of the Universal Single Bond adhesive system in dentin affected by caries. / O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a interfer?ncia do condicionamento ?cido na resist?ncia de uni?o do sistema adesivo universal na dentina afetada por c?rie. Para este estudo de car?ter experimental foram selecionados 40 terceiros molares permanentes erupcionados com Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido assinado pelos pacientes na Cl?nica Odontol?gica da PUC-Campinas. Foi feita a remo??o do ter?o oclusal com disco diamantado dupla face e superf?cies dentin?rias planas obtidas atrav?s de lixamento. A les?o de c?rie foi desenvolvida pelo m?todo microbiol?gico com cepa padr?o S. mutans ATCC25175. Os dentes foram divididos aleatoriamente em 4 grupos (n=10): AF-I: condicionamento com ?cido fosf?rico e aplica??o do sistema adesivo Single Bond Universal - teste imediato de microtra??o; AF-DC: condicionamento com ?cido fosf?rico e aplica??o do sistema adesivo Single Bond Universal e teste de microtra??o ap?s desafio cariog?nico; SAF-I: aplica??o do sistema adesivo Single Bond Universal sem condicionamento ?cido e teste imediato de microtra??o e SAF-DC: aplica??o do sistema adesivo Single Bond Universal sem condicionamento ?cido e teste de microtra??o ap?s desafio carig?nico. Um bloco de resina composta Charisma foi confeccionado na dentina afetada. Cada bloco dente/adesivo/resina foi seccionado com discos diamantados acoplados a m?quina de corte Isomet em planos paralelos obtendo corpos de prova em forma de palitos, com ?rea de sec??o transversal de 1 mm2. Para realiza??o do teste de microtra??o. Apenas fraturas adesivas /mistas foram consideradas para c?lculo de resist?ncia de uni?o. Os resultados foram avaliados pelo teste Kruskal-Wallis (Student-Newman-Keuls) e Friedman. A maior resist?ncia de uni?o ocorreu nos grupos em que foi feito o condicionamento com ?cido fosf?rico (p<0.05). N?o houve diferen?a significante na resist?ncia de uni?o ap?s o desafio cariog?nico (p>0.05). O tipo de fratura predominante foi adesiva. Pode-se concluir que o ?cido fosf?rico acarretou aumento na resist?ncia de uni?o do sistema adesivo Single Bond Universal na dentina afetada por c?rie e o desafio cariog?nico n?o interferiu na resist?ncia de uni?o do sistema adesivo Single Bond Universal na dentina afetada por c?rie.

Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar dentina e esmalte irradiados com diferentes doses de radiação ionizante com raios-x (20, 40 e 70Gy), através da microdureza, morfologia superficial, conteúdo mineral e resistência de união com adesivo de condicionamento total de 2 etapas (Adper Single Bond 2) e um novo sistema adesivo, universal, com a técnica auto-condicionante (Universal Single Bond). Oitenta e quatro terceiros molares humanos foram cortados, separados e preparados para cada ensaio. Para os ensaios de microdureza e microcisalhamento as amostras foram incluídas em resina acrílica e polidas. Para a microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV) e espectrometria de energia dispersiva de raios-x (EDS), as amostras foram fixadas em solução de glutaraldeído 3%, lavadas em solução de cacodilato 0,1M e desidratadas em álcool etílico crescente. A microdureza (n=30) foi realizada pré e pós-radioterapia, com força de 50gf em esmalte cervical, médio e oclusal e 25gf em dentina profunda, média e rasa, por 30s. As amostras para o microcisalhamento foram divididas em 4 grupos (n=20) e 2 subgrupos (n=10) conforme o sistema adesivo. Foram construídos 3 corpos de prova cilíndricos com 1mm de diâmetro e altura em cada amostra. O teste de microcisalhamento foi realizado em máquina de ensaio universal com velocidade de 1mm/min. Os resultados indicam perda de propriedade de microdureza apenas em esmalte cervical em todas as três doses (20Gy pré-radioterapia: 298,04±11,80 e pós-radioterapia: 294,36±16,68; 40Gy pré-radioterapia: 285±19,45 e pósradioterapia: 275,3±36; 70Gy pré-radioterapia: 291,98±16,51 e pós-radioterapia: 283,68 ± 21,64) e em dentina em todas as profundidades (profunda: 20Gy préradioterapia: 57,79±1,96; pós-radioterapia: 55,37±1,30; 40Gy pré-radioterapia: 57,31±1,76; pós-radioterapia: 55,83±1,63; 70Gy não apresentou alterações; média: 20Gy pré-radioterapia: 58,05±1,79; pós-radioterapia: 55,36±1,20; 40Gy préradioterapia: 57,87± 2,04; pós-radioterapia: 55,65 ± 2,48; 70Gy não apresentou alterações; rasa: 20Gy pré-radioterapia: 56,60±12,17; pós-radioterapia: 55,18±2,57; 40Gy pré-radioterapia: 57,36±2,78; pós-radioterapia: 55,18± 2,57; 70Gy préradioterapia: 55,08±1,94; pós-radioterapia: 54,72±2,57). O teste de microcisalhamento não apresentou diferença significativa entre grupo controle e as 3 doses, tanto para esmalte (p=0,325) como para dentina (p=0,719), apresentando o adesivo Universal Single Bond, em dentina, a resistência de união mais satisfatória. A análise de padrão de fratura para dentina, indicou um maior número de rupturas coesivas em dentina na dose 70Gy quando comparada ao grupo controle. Em esmalte prevaleceram as fraturas do tipo adesivas. As eletromicrografias apresentaram alterações apenas em esmalte na dose 70Gy, com prismas de esmalte mais curtos e arredondados. O EDS mostrou que o conteúdo mineral permaneceu intacto em ambos substratos. Dentro das limitações de um estudo in vitro, conclui-se que a radiação ionizante apresenta maior interação preferencialmente em dentina, no entanto, o EDS mostra não haver modificação no conteúdo mineral em ambos substratos. Existe uma diminuição da microdureza em dentina, porém as alterações não são suficientes para interferir na resistência de união dos substratos irradiados, que mostraram resultados mais satisfatórios com o sistemas adesivos universal, utilizando-se a técnica auto-condicionante. / The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different doses (20Gy, 40Gy and 70Gy) of ionizing radiation with x-rays in the microhardness, superficial morphology, mineral content and bonding effectiveness with a 2 steps all-etch adhesive (Adper Single Bond 2) and the new generation of adhesive, the universal adhesive system, (Universal Single Bond), using the self-etch technique. Eighty-four third molars were cutted, separed and prepared for each assay. For the microshear-bond and microhardness the samples were included in acrylic resin and then polished. For the scanning electron miscroscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS), the samples were fixated in a 3% glutaraldehyde solution, washed in 0,1M cacodylate solution and dehydrated in increscent concentrations of ethyl alcohol. The microhardness (n=30) was held pre and post radiotherapy with 50gf on cervical, middle and occlusal enamel and 25kg on superficial, middle and deep dentin, both cases with 30s. The microshear-bond was divided in 4 groups (n=20) and 2 subgroups (n=10) according to the adhesive system. Three cylinders were built with 1mm in diameter and heigh in every sample. The assay were accomplished at an universal testing machine with 1mm/min. Results indicate loss of microhardness properties only in cervical enamel at all 3 doses (20Gy pre-radiotheraphy: 298,04 ± 11,80 and post-radiotherapy: 294,36 ± 16,68; 40Gy pre-radiotherapy: 285 ± 19,45 and post-radiotherapy: 275,3 ± 36; 70Gy pre-radiotherapy: 291,98 ± 16,51 and post-radiotherapy: 283,68 ± 21,64) and in all dentin depths (deep: 20Gy preradiotherapy: 57,79 ± 1,96; post-radiotherapy: 55,37 ± 1,30; 40Gy pre-radiotherapy: 57,31 ± 1,76; post-radiotherapy: 55,83 ± 1,63; 70Gy showed no alteration; Middle: 20Gy pre-radiotherapy: 58,05 ± 1,79; post-radiotherapy: 55,36 ± 1,20; 40Gy preradiotherapy: 57,87 ± 2,04; post-radiothetrapy: 55,65 ± 2,48; 70Gy showed no alteration; Superficial: 20Gy pre-radioterapia: 56,60 ± 12,17; post-radiotrapia: 55,18 ± 2,57; 40Gy pre-radiotherapy: 57,36 ± 2,78; post-radiotherapy: 55,18 ± 2,57; 70Gy pre-radiotherapy: 55,08 ± 1,94; post-radiotherapy: 54,72 ± 2,57). The microshearbond test did not show significant difference between the control group and the 3 doses, both enamel (p=0.325) and dentin (p=0.719), showing better bonding with Universal Single Bond adhesive in dentin. The fracture pattern analysis indicated a larger number of cohesive failure in dentine with the 70Gy dose when compared with control group. The micrographs showed changes only on enamel at 70Gy dose, with shorter and rounder prisms. EDS test indicated no changes in mineral content for both substrates. Knowing the limitations of an in vitro study, it were concluded that ionizing radiation shows deleterious effects preferentially in dentin, probably due to it\'s high organic content, since EDS showed no modifications both enamel and dentin. There is a reduction in microhardness on dentin, but the changes are not enough to interfere at bonding properties of irradiated substrates, showing better results when used the universal adhesive with the self-etch techniques.