Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:12:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2005-Mauricio Martins de Oliveira.pdf: 440231 bytes, checksum: 5baafe0751b5e601190c18b7eb06788a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-08-31 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / This study analyses the urban exodus phenomenon from the city of Rio de Janeiro s migrants to the municipal district of Maric?. We intend to verify, through the migration experience of a family, in what way they manage a life s strategy and how this movement (re)constructs concepts and categories about the main current discussions, as life s quality, violence, progress and territorial development. Thus, we pursue the selected experience of one family from Rio de Janeiro, middle class, which moved to Maric?, carrying their own impressions and expectations. The results show, in spite of could not legitimate social and statistically a collective movement of urban exodus, a particular collection of meanings for the research field about internal migrations, specifically in Rio de Janeiro State. Since the official data and other sources, a series of suspicious pointed to the last decades, of political and economical opening in Brazil, the rural exodus may be reverted its direction, going beyond a simple stagnation . This is an important information for the academic reflection about the rural aspects and for the proposal work of public politics, especially when the Rio de Janeiro State s defuse raised as a relevant issue. Primarily, we contextualize the municipal district of Maric? in Rio de Janeiro State, its specifications, its history and perspectives. In the second chapter, we enter the urban phenomenon, to frame the subject in the urban x rural controversy. In the third, we analyse the symbolic meaning that involves the construction of modern myths around the urbanity and how several territorial identities are produced. In the fourth chapter, we explore the core of the question, analyzing and questioning the migration of the interviewed family as a strategic route of life and formation of a legitimized discourse. / Este trabalho analisa o fen?meno do ?xodo urbano de migrantes da cidade do Rio de Janeiro para o munic?pio de Maric?. Pretende-se neste estudo verificar, atrav?s da experi?ncia de migra??o de uma fam?lia, de que forma a mesma realiza uma estrat?gia de vida, e como tal movimento (re)constr?i conceitos e categorias acerca das principais quest?es atuais, como qualidade de vida, viol?ncia, progresso e desenvolvimento territorial. Para tanto, buscou-se o recorte da experi?ncia de uma fam?lia natural do Rio de Janeiro, classe m?dia, que se mudou para Maric?, levando suas impress?es e expectativas. Os resultados apreendidos demonstram, apesar de n?o poderem legitimar social e estatisticamente um movimento coletivo de ?xodo urbano, determinado conjunto de significados importantes para o campo de pesquisa sobre migra??es internas, especificamente no Estado do Rio de Janeiro. A partir de dados oficiais e de outras fontes, levanta-se uma s?ria suspeita de que nas ?ltimas d?cadas, de abertura pol?tica e econ?mica no Brasil, o ?xodo rural possa ter invertido sua dire??o, indo muito al?m de um simples estancamento . Este ? um dado importante para a reflex?o acad?mica acerca da ruralidade e para o trabalho propositivo de pol?ticas p?blicas, especialmente quando a quest?o da desfus?o do Estado est? em pauta. Primeiramente contextualizamos o munic?pio de Maric? no Estado do Rio de Janeiro, suas especificidades, sua hist?ria e perspectivas. No segundo cap?tulo, adentramos no fen?meno urbano, para enquadrar o tema na quest?o urbano x rural. No terceiro, analisamos o teor simb?lico que envolve a constru??o de mitos modernos em torno da urbaniza??o, e como se produzem as diversas identidades territoriais. No quarto cap?tulo, adentramos no n?cleo da quest?o, analisando e problematizando a migra??o da fam?lia entrevistada como um percurso estrat?gico de vida e forma??o de um discurso legitimador.

Rural revitalization is a major concern in many developed countries where rural exodus depopulated thecountryside, including France where some rural areas suffer from demographic and economic decline. In thefirst times of the Covid 19 crisis, the perspective of an urban exodus was largely raised in the developedcountries’ press. The idea was that the pandemic was sparking disenchantment with the urban lifestyleleading to mass migration from the big cities to the countryside, thus fostering rural revitalization, possibly ata wide scale. Therefore, the aim of this study is on the one hand, to understand this Urban Exodusphenomenon and its significance in the French context through press and literature review. On the otherhand, the aim is to investigate if and how this phenomenon impacts rural revitalization, by focusing on thecases of the rural municipalities Saint-Fraimbault and Mamers. We find that the vision of the Urban Exodusfirst conveyed by the media was distorted: there has been no global reorganization of spatial and migratorypatterns in France, even though more people have been moving towards an area with a lesser populationdensity. The host territories include rural areas that were in decline before the pandemic, where the UrbanExodus represents a potential in terms of demographic and economic recovery, as well as a challenge for theirrural identity and their development model. The case studies show that the effects of the Urban Exodus onrural revitalization are not uniform. They suggest that the effects may depend on the initial developmentstrategy of the municipality. In the case of Mamers indeed, the Urban Exodus was experienced as anopportunity while the phenomenon did not have significant effects in Saint-Fraimbault.

L’activité de recherche a eu lieu alternativement dans le cadre de l‟École doctorale le Simion Mehedinți”, Faculté de Géographie, Université de Bucarest et au laboratoire „PAVE- Profession, Architecture, Ville, Environnement”, École Nationale Supérieure d‟Architecture et du Paysage de Bordeaux, France. Durant la réalisation de cette thèse on a suivi également des stages de formation et perfectionnement au laboratoire de recherche „ThèMA”, Université de Franche Comté, France, ESRI Roumanie et dans le cadre de l'Unité Régionale de Formation à l'Information Scientifique et Technique, URFIST de Bordeaux, France. / The research period took place alternatively to the Doctoral School “Simion Mehedinţi”, Bucharest University, Geography Department and to the PAVE Research Laboratory (ENSAP Bordeaux), member of the Emile Durkheim Research Center (UMR5116). During the realization of this PhD work we have also was also carried out training courses to the research laboratory „ThèMA”, University of Franche-Comté, France, ESRI Romania and to the Regional Training Unit for Scientific and Technical Information, URFIST de Bordeaux, France.