This dissertation investigates some literary configurations of Beijing through contemporary Chinese literature and films. These configurations are built upon three specific urban spaces (military compound, siheyuan and some modern constructions) by three significant literary groups. The literary groups discussed in this work are Dayuan wenhua quan (Compound Cultural Group), Dierdai jingweier zuojia (Second-generation Beijing Flavor Writers), and Beipiao diliudai dianyingren (Beijing Floater Sixth-generation Filmmakers).This study adopts a particular methodology. Inspired by Henri Levebvre, it establishes a framework which connecting urban spaces (representations of space), writers and literary productions (representational space). It examines what these urban spaces mean to Chinese writers and filmmakers and how these people thus adopt them to configure particular urban images of Beijing. It argues that these different configurations are actually the projections of those writers and filmmakers' own cultural imaginations, emotional catharsis, and manifest their own cultural positions. "Compound Cultural Group" interprets Beijing as "compound Beijing," which represents revolutionary culture in communist China. Their nostalgia toward the compound in the Cultural Revolution indicates the decline of the once ruling social group. As for "Second-generation Beijing Flavor Writers", Beijing is a traditional and a masculine city. In their novels, siheyuan is considered as the embodiment of Chinese tradition and Beijing girl is portrayed as masculine women. This imagination fulfills their own cultural appeal to reconstruct traditional values in the "Cultural Fever" in the 1980s. In the eyes of "Beijing Floater Sixth-generation filmmakers," Beijing is a cosmopolitan metropolis. In their films, this globalized modern city is an urban dream for migrants.

Orientador: Eliseu Savério Sposito / Banca: Bernardo Mançano Fernandes / Banca: Arthur Magon Whitacker / Banca: Beatriz Ribeiro Soares / Banca: Doralice Sátyro Maio / Resumo: Os arranjos socioespaciais que constituem a realidade urbana das cidades brasileiras vêm sendo influenciado, especialmente nas últimas três décadas, por uma participação constante de segmentos da sociedade civil organizada, entre os quais se destacam os movimentos sociais urbanos (MSUs) pela importância que vem assumindo ao atuarem diretamente no espaço a partir da produção do território, (conquista da moradia). O texto ora apresentado busca, assim, analisar a influência desses atores na produção social do espaço urbano, a qual se expressa na luta pelo direito à cidade. Subdividido em cinco capítulos, o texto corresponde à formação dos fundamentos que sustentam os processos responsáveis pelo surgimento desses atores sociais e suas relações com os fatores de formação da cidade. Para isso, selecionamos como recorte territorial a cidade de João Pessoa (PB) pelo fato dos MSUs presentes na cidade ainda estarem em processo de consolidação, ao contrário da realidade encontrada em outras metrópoles brasileiras. A pesquisa está estruturada a partir da análise dos discursos dos atores sociais estudados (MNLM, MLB, CMP e NDV) a cerca de temas como a produção do espaço e o futuro da cidade, sendo os resultados relacionados à análise da influência desses atores no processo organização do espaço. / Abstract: The socio-spatial arrangements that constitute the urban reality of Brazilian cities have been influenced by a constant participation of sectors of the organised civil society, especially in the last three decades. Amongst them, the urban social movements (USMs) can be highlighted because of the importance they have assumed by acting directly in space through the production of territory (housing conquest). Therefore, the text presented here aims to analyse the influence of these agents in the social production of the urban space that is revealed by the struggle for the right to city. The text is divided in five chapters and presents the formation of the basis that sustains the processes which are responsible for both appearing of these agents and their relations with the factors that shape the city. To achieve this aim, the city of João Pessoa (PB) was selected as the territorial basis of the analysis because, in this city, the USMs are still in process of consolidation, differently from other Brazilian metropolises realities. The research is framed through the speech analysis of the social agents studied (MNLM, MLB, CMP, NDV) in order to find out about themes just as production of space and the future of the cities. The results of that analysis are related to the influence of these agents in the space production process. / Doutor

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This thesis investigates urban development and locational memory in New York and Los Angeles during the mid to late twentieth century, as represented both materially in the landscape of the city and textually in fiction and memoir. I begin my study in Raymond Chandler’s Los Angeles, where paved gardens and concretised river beds lie beneath the gridded urban landscape which hides the past and dislocates memory from what is visible in urban space. Next, through my analysis of Marshall Berman’s reflections on his childhood in the Bronx, I paint a picture of New York during the 1950s, during which the proposals of urban planner and master builder Robert Moses were put to work, dismantling many of the city’s pre-existing urban structures and its institutional memory. Subsequently I move to Los Angeles in the late 1960s, analysing two works of fiction by Joan Didion and Alison Lurie. In this chapter I explore California’s spatial and temporal indeterminacy. From imagined to remembered space, I next examine Didion’s family memoirs and personal essays in addition to D. J. Waldie’s reminiscences. I find that despite attempts to cultivate one’s personal history in textual form, a sense of loss is what is long remembered and hard to control. My thesis comes to a close with L. J. Davis and Paula Fox in the early 1970s when there was a new form of change afoot in the built environment in the form of gentrification. In the fragmented, automobile-dominated Los Angeles; in the dislocated Bronx; in California where the past seems to melt into air; and in brownstone Brooklyn, I show that the experience of what Sigmund Freud deems “the uncanny” is rife, appearing in the cracks between the absent and the present, the invisible and the visible, memory and history. The fissures and gaps in the narratives of each author reflect the various processes and consequences of the imposition of twentieth-century modernism in particular urban spaces during this period.

The present thesis is concerned with the study of the grid structure of Arab towns found across North Africa. Studies on this kind of towns have stressed the idea of a single city form based on a threefold hierarchical organisation of space with a specific emphasis on the cul-de-sacs; and the division of the town into a central public core and more private residential quarters. This spatial model has often provided the rationale for the design of new housing layouts. Ground plans of Arab towns, however, often show great variation in the grid structure, ranging from a very regular pattern to a strongly deformed and labyrinthine type, suggesting then that the idea of a single city type is unsatisfying. It also seems to be the case that plans of modern housing layouts based on concepts derived from this model bear little resemblance, when built, to traditional urban forms. On both counts, therefore, the model seems too abstract and too generalized to give a satisfactory account on Arab cities. The study examines these issues in the light of a descriptive theory of urban space and argues that grid structures of Arab towns present typological tendencies and morphological individualities as well as generic properties. More particularly, it suggests that: i- underlying the grid structure of Arab towns, there are generic similarities, in that the urban fabric is highly segregated, and presents a strong regionalization of the integrating spatial structure; ii- there are strong typological differences mainly in the degree of deformation of the urban grid, in that some towns have some degree of regular structure imposed on the plan, while others clearly lack regularity; differences in the overall pattern of the integrating structures; and the degree to which the spatial structure of the quarters links to each other and to the whole fabric to form a connected structure. The study suggests that both the fundamental similarities and the deep differences in the structure of these towns arise from a single dominant factor: the degree to which the grid structure is deformed to produce firstly, a certain type and degree of movement interface between the most permanent users, i.e. the inhabitants, and visitors of the towns; and secondly a certain type and degree of movement interface among the inhabitants of the separate quarters of the town. These conclusions are then used as a basis for reconsidering some recent typical 'traditionalist' design concepts, such as the clustering of dwelling units adopted in the modern layouts. Finally, the study argues that the regulation of the overall grid deformation can itself be used as a basic design concept to re-produce these types of movement interface. For this, the study explores the possibility of using a computer-based generative process of grid patterns, in which spatial properties of the grid of Arab towns have been introduced as an eventual basis for the design of housing layouts.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:33:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2008-10-29Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:48:05Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 souzajunior_xss_dr_prud.pdf: 2245222 bytes, checksum: 9d6386a098b8433cf3d351a2bd365a8f (MD5) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Os arranjos socioespaciais que constituem a realidade urbana das cidades brasileiras vêm sendo influenciado, especialmente nas últimas três décadas, por uma participação constante de segmentos da sociedade civil organizada, entre os quais se destacam os movimentos sociais urbanos (MSUs) pela importância que vem assumindo ao atuarem diretamente no espaço a partir da produção do território, (conquista da moradia). O texto ora apresentado busca, assim, analisar a influência desses atores na produção social do espaço urbano, a qual se expressa na luta pelo direito à cidade. Subdividido em cinco capítulos, o texto corresponde à formação dos fundamentos que sustentam os processos responsáveis pelo surgimento desses atores sociais e suas relações com os fatores de formação da cidade. Para isso, selecionamos como recorte territorial a cidade de João Pessoa (PB) pelo fato dos MSUs presentes na cidade ainda estarem em processo de consolidação, ao contrário da realidade encontrada em outras metrópoles brasileiras. A pesquisa está estruturada a partir da análise dos discursos dos atores sociais estudados (MNLM, MLB, CMP e NDV) a cerca de temas como a produção do espaço e o futuro da cidade, sendo os resultados relacionados à análise da influência desses atores no processo organização do espaço. / The socio-spatial arrangements that constitute the urban reality of Brazilian cities have been influenced by a constant participation of sectors of the organised civil society, especially in the last three decades. Amongst them, the urban social movements (USMs) can be highlighted because of the importance they have assumed by acting directly in space through the production of territory (housing conquest). Therefore, the text presented here aims to analyse the influence of these agents in the social production of the urban space that is revealed by the struggle for the right to city. The text is divided in five chapters and presents the formation of the basis that sustains the processes which are responsible for both appearing of these agents and their relations with the factors that shape the city. To achieve this aim, the city of João Pessoa (PB) was selected as the territorial basis of the analysis because, in this city, the USMs are still in process of consolidation, differently from other Brazilian metropolises realities. The research is framed through the speech analysis of the social agents studied (MNLM, MLB, CMP, NDV) in order to find out about themes just as production of space and the future of the cities. The results of that analysis are related to the influence of these agents in the space production process.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:28:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2008-12-04Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:34:33Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 catalao_if_me_prud.pdf: 1439467 bytes, checksum: eb10f8ae2163eae6045922dbd27a951d (MD5) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / O processo de produção e os modos de apropriação do espaço metropolitano de Brasília são os focos de análise desta dissertação. O espaço é aqui entendido como uma mediação intera-tiva entre as formas do ambiente construído, resultantes da transformação da natureza, e a vida social que as anima, cuja dinâmica de produção articula dialeticamente as dimensões do percebido, do concebido e do vivido, analisada a partir de uma perspectiva lefebvreano-sojeana. Nesse sentido, o objetivo desta dissertação é analisar como a configuração espacial de Brasília, marcada pelas descontinuidades do tecido metropolitano e pelas grandes distâncias delas decorrentes, influencia no uso do espaço-tempo quotidiano por parte dos habitantes de sua periferia goiana e oferece possibilidades e/ou limites à realização do direito à cidade. Para tanto, a realidade da metrópole, apresentada em uma de suas facetas, é discutida em dois as-pectos principais: um primeiro, concernente à compreensão do espaço metropolitano como produto sócio-histórico, resultado da concepção dos elaboradores do projeto de construção de uma nova capital para o Brasil e da prática espacial – deles e daqueles que se apropriaram desse espaço, também atuando em sua produção – que resultou naquilo que hoje conhecemos como Brasília e seu espaço metropolitano; e um segundo, atinente à passagem da análise do plano discursivo ao plenamente vivido, ou seja, a partir da demonstração, por meio de idéias, conceitos, informações e constatações, de qual espaço metropolitano se trata, busca-se aden-trar esse espaço à escala do quotidiano a fim de tentar mostrar que espaço vivido é esse: aque-le do qual se apropriam os habitantes... / The analytical focuses of this master thesis are both the production and the modes of appro-priation of the Brasilia‟s metropolitan space. Space here means an interactive mediation amongst the forms of the built environment, which is the result of nature‟s transformations, and the social life that animates them. The dynamic of production of space articulates dialec-tically the dimensions of perceived, conceived and lived; and this is analysed through a le-febvrian-sojan perspective. Therefore, the aim of this thesis is to analyse how Brasilia spatial organisation, which is characterised by both the discontinuities of the metropolitan tissue and its resulting huge distances, influences the use of the daily space-time and offer possibilities and/or limits to achieving the right to city of the inhabitants of the peripheral cities of Goias State. To achieve this aim, the reality of the metropolis, presented in one of its facets, is dis-cussed under two main aspects: the first concerns to the comprehension of the metropolitan space as a socio-historical product, resulting from the project of elaboration of a new Brazil-ian capital city and the spatial practice that outcomes in what is known today as Brasilia and its metropolitan space. This project was born from a conception of its creators and the spatial practice... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

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