Although hotels have already started to implement online check-ins and digital keys in their applications, there has not been much research on the design of these prominent features. This thesis focuses on designing a digital key that is both easy to use and perceived as safe. A Research through Design approach was followed consisting of semi-structured interviews, an analysis of textual user reviews, and Lo-Fi and Hi-Fi prototyping in order to understand the needs and problems users face while receiving and using a digital key, as well as to provide further design directions for this feature. The findings showed that using a mobile phone to open a door or gate was already part of some of the participants’daily life. Still, many people do not like to rush into this digitalization. Hotel guests do not seem very worried about safety and using a digital key because the level of trust is high in the hospitality industry. The design presented in this paper serves as a starting point on how to design the receiving and using of a digital key. / Även om hotell redan har börjat implementera online check-in och digitala nycklar i sina applikationer, finns det idag inte mycket forskning kring design och utformning av dessa framträdande funktioner. Denna avhandling fokuserar på att designa en digital nyckel som både är enkel och smidig att använda, samtidigt som den av användaren skall uppfattas som säker. Ett forskning genom design tillvägagångssätt har använts, som består av semistrukturerade intervjuer, en analys av skriftliga användarrecensioner, samt Lo-Fi och Hi-Fi prototyper. Detta för att skapa förståelse kring de behov och problem som användarna upplever vid mottagande och användning av en digital nyckel, samt för att ge ytterligare vägledning kring design av denna funktion. Resultaten visade att användandet av en mobiltelefon för att öppna en dörr eller port redan var en del av vissa av deltagarnas dagliga liv. Samtidigt är det många som inte vill göra denna digitala transformation allt för snabbt. Hotellgäster verkar inte vara oroliga för säkerheten eller att använda en digital nyckel då man upplever ett starkt förtroende inom hotellindustrin. Den design som presenteras i denna avhandling utgör en startpunkt för hur mandesignar mottagandet och användandet av en digital nyckel.

Today’s societal development is not sustainable. The transportation sector has the potential role to be a tremendous lever for sustainability due to its central position in the societal structure as well as for the current unsustainable trends that occur in this system. Recommendations to public transportation providers were made by highlighting the main existing gaps between the current transportation system and an envisioned future transportation system that could exist in a sustainable society. To highlight these gaps, multiple perspectives were considered. These perspectives were enabled by e.g. User Journey Maps at the individual level and a holistic perspective over the broader urban transport system. The premise is that in order to increase use rates of public transportation, there is a need to better assess and address urban travellers' needs when commuting. For providers to have a strategic, stepwise approach and to be able to bring the public transportation system towards sustainability, the authors recommended that public transportation providers prioritize and implement future actions aligned with the three prioritization questions presented at the strategic level of the Framework for Strategic Sustainable Development and by defining a criterion that would emphasize that the users’ needs of importance highlighted in the study are fulfilled.

Karolinska University Hospital's problem regarding the CAR-T cells' journey has been impacting thetreatment of patients and therefore a solution was in dire need to be presented. Visual mappingmethods have been used to review and map the journey with the aim of identifying factors that seemto be impacted. Previous research concerns user journey mapping, mapping methods andcollaboration theories. To carry out the mapping of the cells' journey, semi-structured interviews werecarried out with selected experts within the research area. These experts consisted of the unit managerat the apheresis clinic at Karolinska, a medically responsible researcher at the apheresis clinic atKarolinska and a senior patient operation manager at Bristol Myers Squibb. Their expertise andexperiences were the basis for the visual mapping, and this provided deep insights into the researcharea where the problem has been identified. Lastly, the data was mapped to create a visual map oftheir current management approach regarding CAR-T cell therapy where their experiences around theproblems could be identified. As a result, a solution to the identified factors that expose the cells tothe risks is presented with several visual maps and a proposed solution for a redesign withinKarolinska.