Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:27:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FlavioHRC_DISSERT.pdf: 1732376 bytes, checksum: 8c792fe0f38262c190c5973d6c22abdd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-09-28 / The paper investigates the legal mechanisms used by the Legislature and the Executive to implement the constitutional principle of the teacher s minimum wage, which is proclaimed in the Constitution as a strategy of professional appreciation for this category. The text demonstrates that the legal mechanisms used to value the teacher were: the 1988 Constitution, the constitutional amendments to this Charter updated and modified the original text in relation to the matter, and finally, the Minimum Wage Law . Article n? 206 of 1988 s Federal Constitution established that basic education teachers, who work in public schools, would be entitled to a national minimum wage. Law n? 11.738/2008 ( Minimum Wage Law ) regulated the matter and made other determinations on the relationship between the State and the teachers such as the establishment of parameters for the distribution of the workload of teachers. Based on this law, since 2009 the minimum wage has been set annually by the Federal Government. However, state governments and municipalities throughout Brazil protested prescriptions contained in the Minimum Wage Law . In this context, some governors and mayors led the Supreme Court regarding the constitutionality of this law. The complainants considered that there was unconstitutional by the following: definition of the teacher s workday, which in the complainants point of view was competence of local governments; ensuring that teachers receive salaries tied to the minimum wage with retroactive effect; transformation of the minimum wage in basic salary, lack of sufficient budget in the states and municipalities to honor with the new values to be paid to teachers and, finally, determining workload for the teacher to perform other activities besides classroom activities. At the trial held at the STF the majority of Ministers rejected the claim and considered that the Minimum Wage Law , taken together, was constitutional. However, this decision did not alter the position of the managers or the interpretation of the ministers who agreed with the unconstitutionality of some aspects of the law. This means that one law can present differences in interpretation between ordinary people and among members of the Judiciary. The search showed the following conclusions: the law is not a definitive parameter of justice, because it is deeply linked to various interests; the development, implementation, and judgment of laws dealing with minimum wage of teaching are linked to historical and cultural aspects of society; the demand for enhancement of teacher and setting a minimum wage has only emerged in the late twentieth century, a fact explained in this work based on data that indicate the recent concern of Brazilian State with schooling a phenomenon typically Republican and with the professionalization of teaching emerging concern from the knowledge society; the Legislative and Executive search mechanism to implement the minimum wage of the teachers because of the contemporary need for professionalization of teaching / O trabalho investiga os mecanismos jur?dicos usados pelo Legislativo e pelo Executivo para concretizar o princ?pio constitucional do piso salarial do professor, princ?pio esse proclamado na Constitui??o como uma estrat?gia de valoriza??o profissional dessa categoria. O texto demonstra que os mecanismos jur?dicos usados para a valoriza??o do professor foram os seguintes: a Constitui??o de 1988; as emendas constitucionais que atualizaram essa Carta e modificaram o texto original no tocante ? mat?ria; e, finalmente, a Lei do Piso . O Artigo n? 206 da Constitui??o Federal de 1988 estabeleceu que os professores do ensino b?sico, que atuam em escolas da rede p?blica, teriam direito a um piso salarial nacional. A Lei n? 11.738/2008 ( Lei do Piso ) regulamentou a mat?ria e apresentou outras determina??es sobre a rela??o que o Estado deveria manter com o magist?rio como, por exemplo, a cria??o de par?metros para a distribui??o da carga hor?ria de trabalho do docente. Com base nessa Lei, desde 2009 o piso vem sendo definido anualmente pelo Governo Federal. Todavia, governos estaduais e prefeituras municipais de todo o Brasil protestaram contra prescri??es contidas na Lei do Piso . Nesse clima de protesto, alguns governadores e prefeitos provocaram a Suprema Corte acerca da constitucionalidade dessa Lei. Os reclamantes consideravam que a inconstitucionalidade existia em raz?o dos seguintes aspectos: defini??o da jornada de trabalho do professor, que na vis?o dos reclamantes era atribui??o dos estados e prefeituras; garantia de que os professores receberiam sal?rios vinculados ao piso com efeito retroativo; transforma??o do piso salarial em vencimento b?sico; aus?ncia de or?amento suficiente nos estados e munic?pios para honrar com os novos valores a serem pagos aos professores; finalmente, determina??o de carga hor?ria para o professor realizar outras atividades al?m de ministrar aulas. No julgamento realizado no STF a maioria dos Ministros julgou improcedente o pleito dos gestores p?blicos reclamantes e considerou que a Lei do Piso no seu conjunto era constitucional. Entretanto, essa decis?o n?o alterou a posi??o dos gestores nem a interpreta??o dos ministros que concordaram com a inconstitucionalidade de alguns aspectos da lei. Isso significa que uma mesma lei pode apresentar diverg?ncias interpretativas entre pessoas comuns e entre membros do pr?prio Poder Judici?rio. A pesquisa apontou as seguintes conclus?es: a lei n?o ? par?metro definitivo de justi?a, pois ela est? profundamente vinculada a interesses diversos; a elabora??o, a implanta??o e o julgamento das leis que tratam do piso salarial do magist?rio se vinculam aos aspectos hist?ricos e culturais da sociedade; a demanda por valoriza??o do professor e fixa??o de um piso salarial s? surgiu no final do s?culo XX, fato explicitado no trabalho a partir de dados que indicam a recente preocupa??o do estado brasileiro com a educa??o escolar fen?meno tipicamente republicano e com a profissionaliza??o do professor preocupa??o emergente a partir da sociedade do conhecimento; os poderes Legislativo e Executivo procuram mecanismos para implantar o piso salarial do professor em raz?o da necessidade contempor?nea de profissionaliza??o do magist?rio.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:36:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MariaASF_DISSERT.pdf: 2398017 bytes, checksum: d724252a8e5f77447d0c3e2cbfd39a1b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-02-11 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / This paper analyzes the policy of upgrading the teaching profession in relation to financing basic education, with a view to participation of the Union of Education Workers of Rio Grande do Norte - SINTE / RN and the state government in the implementation of Professional Base Salary the National Professional Teaching Public Basic Education - Law 11738/2008, the public state of Rio Grande do Norte. The participation of civil society, through the union movement presents itself as an important process of implementation of Professional Base Salary. The participation of SINTE / RN occurred since the fight to pass the plan, careers and Compensation (2006) until the implementation of the Base Salary (2009) highlighting the power relations established between the Union and State Government. To this end, there were actions such as public hearings and strikes by education professionals. In order to raise issues relevant to the issue of enhancement of teaching and participation of unions as a collective representation has been taken as a theoretical and methodological literature on the financing of basic education, enhancing teaching and participation as well as policy guidelines governing the career of teaching. Was used as a methodological procedure to document analysis and information gathering through semi-structured interviews. The results indicate the participation and the power relationship between the trade union movement and the state government in the implementation of the Base Salary. However, the current issues concerning the limitations of recovery of the teaching profession in order to implement the policy floor, not only merit of the state of Rio Grande do Norte, but the decisions that have been taken by the Supreme Court (STF) relating to the unconstitutionality of Action (ADI) filed by five governors. This fact greatly reduced the possibility of recovery of the teaching of the state, considering that the government was limited to decisions of the Supreme Court. Therefore, the enhancement of teaching remains a challenge for the union movement / Neste trabalho analisa-se a pol?tica de valoriza??o do magist?rio, no contexto do financiamento da educa??o b?sica, tendo em vista a participa??o do Sindicato dos Trabalhadores em Educa??o do Rio Grande do Norte SINTE/RN e do governo estadual na implementa??o do Piso Salarial Profissional Nacional para os Profissionais do Magist?rio P?blico da Educa??o B?sica Lei 11.738/2008, na rede p?blica estadual do Rio Grande do Norte. A participa??o da sociedade civil, atrav?s do movimento sindical apresenta-se como importante processo de implementa??o do Piso Salarial Profissional. A participa??o do SINTE/RN ocorreu desde a luta pela aprova??o do Plano de Cargo, carreira e Remunera??o (2006) at? a implementa??o do Piso Salarial (2009) destacando as rela??es de poder constitu?das entre o Sindicato e o Governo Estadual. Para tanto, ocorreram a??es como audi?ncias p?blicas e greves dos profissionais da educa??o. Com o intuito de suscitar as quest?es pertinentes ? tem?tica da valoriza??o do magist?rio e da participa??o do movimento sindical, enquanto uma representa??o coletiva tomou-se como referencial te?rico-metodol?gico, a literatura sobre o financiamento da educa??o b?sica, da valoriza??o do magist?rio e da participa??o, bem como as diretrizes pol?ticas que regulamentam a carreira do magist?rio. Utilizou-se como procedimento metodol?gico a an?lise documental e coleta de informa??es por meio das entrevistas semi-estruturadas. Os resultados indicam a participa??o e a rela??o de poder entre o movimento sindical e o governo estadual na implementa??o do Piso Salarial. Por?m, as quest?es atuais referentes ?s limita??es da valoriza??o do magist?rio, tendo em vista, a pol?tica de implementa??o do Piso, n?o ? m?rito apenas da rede estadual do Rio Grande do Norte, e sim, das decis?es que vem sendo tomadas pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF) referentes ? A??o Direta de inconstitucionalidade (ADI) impetrada pelos cinco governadores. Esse fato reduziu sobremaneira a possibilidade da valoriza??o do magist?rio da rede estadual, considerando que o governo limitou-se ?s decis?es do STF. Assim sendo, a valoriza??o do magist?rio continua sendo um desafio para o movimento sindical

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-13T17:10:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 VenessaCTA_DISSERT.pdf: 3171040 bytes, checksum: 851ca483768c42d76f9db24ed14442c6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-03-17 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / The genesis of the research emerges from reflection about the space dynamics of the capital and to the capital. The expansion and the incorporation of territory for capital reveal, in part, strategies of the capitalism production way, which shows the search for accumulation conditions, expanding the alternatives of territory use that is, nowadays, selective and uneven. The present work verified the mechanisms where the capital imposes its practices through the agrarian structure and the valuation of land market, meaning, in our knowledge, that the reproduction of inequalities is showed, many times, by the wide land speculation and the fast land valuation. For this, the snip space will be the Siba?ma community, belonging to Tibau do Sul district, located in Rio Grande do Norte state. It?s a rural area that has, gradually, changing through the advent of urban characteristics, given the association of public and private investments, both domestic and international. Through the empirical observations, inside the Siba?ma community, it was found expansion strategies, incorporation and appropriation of territory by capital. As a result of this practice, it?s occurring the land valuation and the presence of a process of socio-spatial segregation, through the encouraging the opening of new subdivisions, mainly for construction of second homes and tourism enterprises in order to meet the demand of a higher socioeconomic level. The areas still available in Siba?ma, constitute into a reserve of value for the achievement of capitalist rent, being a mechanism of capital reproduction. In this way, to studying the socio-spatial transformations, caused by spatial valuation, we turn to the project of social space designed by Santos(2006), from the perspective of capitalist production of space, by understanding the historical process of formation, the mechanisms and the actions of social actors that produce and consume space / A g?nese desta pesquisa partiu da reflex?o acerca das din?micas espaciais do capital e para o capital. A expans?o e a incorpora??o de territ?rios pelo capital nos revelam, em parte, as estrat?gias do modo de produ??o capitalista, as quais se evidenciam na busca por condi??es de acumula??o, ampliando as alternativas do uso do territ?rio que ocorre de forma seletiva e desigual. Verificamos neste trabalho os mecanismos que o capital se vale para impor suas pr?ticas atrav?s da estrutura fundi?ria e da valoriza??o do mercado de terras, significando, no nosso entendimento, que a reprodu??o das desigualdades acontece, muitas vezes, atrav?s da especula??o fundi?ria acentuada com a r?pida valoriza??o dos terrenos. Para tanto, o recorte espacial ser? a comunidade de Siba?ma, pertencente ao Munic?pio de Tibau do Sul, localizado no Estado do Rio Grande do Norte. ? um espa?o rural que vem, paulatinamente, se transformando atrav?s do advento de caracter?sticas urbanas, em face da associa??o de investimentos p?blicos e privados, tanto nacionais, como internacionais. Atrav?s de observa??es emp?ricas, em Siba?ma, constatamos estrat?gias de expans?o, incorpora??o e apropria??o de territ?rios pelo capital. Como conseq??ncia de tal pr?tica, est? ocorrendo a valoriza??o de terras e a presen?a de um processo de segrega??o s?cio-espacial, atrav?s do est?mulo ? abertura de novos loteamentos, principalmente, para constru??o de segundas resid?ncias e empreendimentos tur?sticos, visando o atendimento de uma demanda de n?vel socioecon?mico mais elevado. As ?reas, ainda, dispon?veis em Siba?ma, constituem-se em reserva de valor para realiza??o da renda capitalista, sendo, portanto, mais um mecanismo de reprodu??o do capital. Neste sentido, para estudarmos as transforma??es s?cio-espaciais, provocadas pela valoriza??o do espa?o, recorreremos ao projeto do espa?o social pensado por Santos (2006), atrav?s da perspectiva da produ??o capitalista do espa?o, mediante a compreens?o do processo hist?rico de forma??o, dos mecanismos e das a??es dos atores sociais que produzem e consomem o espa?o