Abstract Syfte:Att med resultat baserade på World Value Surveys undersökningar, studera de postmoderna värderingarnas betydelse för befolkningars aggregerade beteenden och dess eventuella konsekvenser för politiken. Inledningsvis redogörs för problematiken kring postmoderna värderingar från ett politiskt-teoretiskt perspektiv. Därefter genomförs en teoriprövning med hjälp av regressionsanalyser för att se i hur hög grad värderingar samvarierar med utvalda beteendemönster, vilka kan tänkas vara signifikanta för befolkningar med postmoderna värderingar. Frågeställningar:Finns samband mellan graden av postmoderna värderingar befolkningar har, och följande fyra beteendemönster? 1. Hushållsskuld i förhållande till inkomst. 2. Andel enpersonshushåll.  3. Antal skönhetsoperationer.  4. Påverkan på miljön i form av globalt fotavtryck.  Finns eventuella samband kvar med kontroll för BNP/Capita? Resultat:Studien visar förhållandevis höga korrelationsgrader mellan värderingar och flera beteendemönster. Med kontroll för varandra, har dock BNP/Capita ofta en högre korrelationsgrad. Ingenting tyder på att befolkningar med postmoderna värderingar tar en större praktisk hänsyn till miljön än andra länders befolkningar, även med kontroll för BNP/Capita.

The Sharing Economy (SE) and its platforms has been on the uprise since the 2008’s Great Recession. Although previous researchers have found that culture influences consumers' willingness to adapt new innovations and technologies, very few studies on SE and collaborative consumption focus on how cultural values can play a role. Additionally, most studies on SE do not include Asian countries, event hough they contributed to 57% of the global GDP growth between the years 2015 and 2021. Thailand has one of the highest GDP in Southeast Asia, where the tourism sector comprises a large portion. In 2022, Thailand was Airbnb’s most visited country in the region, yet no study has been conducted on how the country’s cultural values influence SE participation and the potential expansion of Airbnb. As domestic tourism in the country is also big, Thai nationals’ answers from the 7th wave of World Value Survey, were used to establish where the country is situated on Hofstede’s scales. Thailand was deemed to be closer to having a Large Power Distance, High Uncertainty Avoidance, Collectivism, Femininity, Short-term Orientation, and Restraint. After the cultural values had been established, a systematic literature review was performed to identify previous studies done on how cultural values, as defined by Hofstede’s model, influence SE participation and adaptation. The results from the sestudies were then applied to Thailand, to establish how Thailand’s cultural values would influence Airbnb’s expansion in the country. Thailand’s Collectivism and Femininity were found to be to Airbnb’s benefit. However, the Large Power Distance, High Uncertainty Avoidance, and Restraint, were to Airbnb’s disadvantage. For the dimension Long-term vs Short-term Orientation, it was difficult to draw any clear conclusions as the studies did not agree on its influence. / Sharing Economy (SE), eller delningsekonomi, och dess plattformar har sitt ursprung i börskraschen 2008. Även om tidigare studier pekat på att en individs kultur påverkar dennes tendens att anamma nya innovationer och teknologier, har väldigt få studier gällande SE och dess koppling till kulturella värden gjorts. Vidare har få studier utförts inom länder i Asien, även om dessa länder bidrog med 57% av den globala BNP tillväxten mellan åren 2015 och 2021. Thailand är ett av de länder med högst BNP i Sydostasien, där turismsektorn utgör en stor del av detta. År 2022 var Thailand Airbnb’s mest besökta land i regionen, trots detta har ingen studie gjorts på hur landets kulturella värden påverkar SE deltagande och Airbnbs potentiella expansion i landet.   Eftersom den nationella turismen inom landet också är stor, användes thailändares svar från 7e vågen för World Value Survey för att etablera vart landet befinner sig på Hofstedes skalor. Baserat på detta så anses Thailand vara närmare till att ha Large Power Distance, High Uncertainty Avoidance, Collectivism, Femininity, Short-term Orientation, och Restraint. Efter att landets kulturella värden hade etablerats, genomfördes en systematisk litteraturstudie för att identifiera tidigare studier som genomförts på hur kulturella värden, enligt Hofstedes modell, påverkar SE deltagande. Resultaten från dessa studier applicerades sedan på Thailand, för att etablera hur Thailands kulturella värden påverkar Airbnbs expansion i landet.   Thailands Collectivism och Femininity är till Airbnbs fördel, medan dess Large Power Distance, High Uncertainty Avoidance, och Restraint är till Airbnbs nackdel. För den kulturella dimensionen Long-term vs Short-term Orientation, var det svårt att dra några tydliga slutsatser då de identifierade studierna inte höll med varandra om dess påverkan.

The diploma thesis deals with the topic of measuring society-wide values according to the theory and method designed by Shalom Schwartz. The concept of values and its place in sociology is introduced, the development of Schwartz' theory and method is outlined and its varieties presented. Using the Portrait Value Survey Method, which is based on the data from the European Social Survey, the values of the Czech society are measured. This is carried out by the means of correlation and regression analyses of ten basic values with chosen descriptive variables - age, gender, education and political orientation. The results of the study does not show any significant deviations from the anticipated outcome, the values are quite traditional especially in connection with the gender and age differentiation. The values of individuals change in time and are dependent on the above mentioned factors.

The health care industry is undergoing significant change, particularly with the passage of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act in March of 2010. Using the Rokeach Value survey, the value priorities of the insured and uninsured respondents were assessed. The value priorities were also evaluated for the demographics of gender, ethnicity, education, income, and age group. The terminal value of health was culled out as a moderator variable relative to its influence in the decision to seek health care coverage. The most significant contribution of this study reveals an increased understanding of consumer value preferences and demographics and their influence on health care coverage choices. In turn, it advances personal value theory in a health care context and its implications to behavior and decision-making. The results establish the role of health as a significant moderator variable in the decision process. These findings reveal a multitude of insights, not only for the academic researcher, but for practitioners and policymakers alike who are commissioned to execute the new health care reform bill over the next several years. As health care reform is implemented over the next several years, a combination of legislative and market-based solutions will be necessary to curtail the rising number of the uninsured, and ensure there are parity, equity, and morality in the distribution of health care for all Americans.

This essay focuses on how students in the later years of elementary school evaluate/assess the democratic values ​​that the school board has justified as a cornerstone of education. In order to measure this, students from grades seven, eight and nine in a medium-sized school in a medium-sized Swedish city participated in interviews where they were asked to evaluate ten statements that deal with the five values ​​that the school board has put forward. This study used both quantitative and qualitative elements. The quantitative element was that the students receive a form with statements that they then rated from 0-7 and the qualitative element was that a group interview was conducted after which the students discussed their answers and then re-evaluated them. The only background variable of interest was the grade the students were in. As this study was not on a larger scale, the results can only give an indication of how students evaluate/assess the democratic values. On a larger scale with more schools, in different cities and with more students, the answer could have been broader and clearer. The results show that students in upper primary school assess the different democratic values differently before and after the group interviews are done and that the students that participated from the three classes assess the democratic values differently from each other. / <p>Godkänd 2023-03-13</p>

<p>In this thesis report we conducted research study on driver's behavior in T-Intersections using simulated environment. This report describes and discusses correlation analysis of driver's personality traits and style while driving at T-Intersections.</p><p>The experiments were performed on multi user driving simulator under controlled settings, at Linköping University. A total of forty-eight people participated in the study and were divided into groups of four, all driving in the same simulated world.</p><p>During the experiments participants were asked to fill a series of well-known self-report questionnaires. We evaluated questionnaires to get the insight in driver's personality traits and driving style. The self-report questionnaires consist of Schwartz's configural model of 10 values types and NEO-five factor inventory. Also driver's behavior was studied with the help of questionnaires based on driver's behavior, style, conflict avoidance, time horizon and tolerance of uncertainty. Then these 10 Schwartz's values are correlated with the other questionnaires to give the detail insight of the driving habits and personality traits of the drivers.</p>

The main aim of this work is to analyze Human Resources Management in a concrete company and to suggest steps, based on this analysis, to improve the situation. Topic of this work was chosen because Human Resources Management is very actual and developing subject. This work is based on study of professional literature and analysis of Human Resource Management in company A. This information is supplemented by Value Survey Module Questionnaire 94 by Geert Hofstede. Based on this part of work there were suggested some steps to improve the situation concerning Internet advertising, evaluation interviews, changing of company culture, vision and mission, coaching, creating of new job, visiting "Jobday" in České Budějovice and improvement of communication. Some of these suggestions are closely connected to each other.

Recent literature by several eminent psychotherapists ·such as Bergin and Beutler argues that counsellors' personal values are probably the greatest influence on the success and outcome of therapy and that the counsellor tends to convert the client to the counsellor's values. This literature provided strong support for this researcher's contention of the need for similar studies in pastoral counselling. The researcher was particularly concerned about the role of pastoral counsellors' value systems and moral judgement development in counselling situations. The researcher selected the Rokeach Value Survey and the Rest Defining Issues Test as instruments to test a sample of South African pastoral counsellors in this regard. The research questions addressed were as follows. Firstly, what are the value systems of a sample of pastoral counsellors in the South African context? Secondly, what are the moral judgement development levels of the pastoral counsellors? Thirdly, what is the relationship between the rank ordering of values and pastoral counsellors' levels of moral judgement development? Fourthly, what implications could these variables have for pastoral-client pairing in pastoral counselling? The chief findings were as follows. Firstly, the pastoral counsellors were shown to have conservative value systems with a preference for introspective terminal values over social terminal values. Secondly, the pastoral counsellors had a P score of 39.6 on the Defining Issues Test. This compares favourably with Asian university students who score between 36-40 as opposed to American university students who have a mean P score of 42.6. The researcher concluded that the conservative religious ideology of the sample helped to explain the low P scores somewhat. Thirdly, the Spearman correlational coefficient indicated little correlation between the Rokeach Value Survey and the Rest Defining Issues Test. Fourthly, both instruments indicated that the conservative nature of the pastoral counsellors would no doubt make them very effective counsellors in most denominations. They would tend to counsel in support of the status quo in the church. A major recommendation of the study was the need for further pastoral counsellor education in dealing with moral values issues. / Practical Theology / D.Th. (Practical theology)

The quality of work performance and cooperation within the team is determined by organizational culture and the values of organization and individuals. Having different values can often lead to conflicts and may also cause decrease in team effectiveness and demotivation. The target of the thesis is to identify the influence of individual values on the team cooperation. To define the types of value orientation of particular team members I shall use the theories of Shalom Schwarz and strengths inventory methods of Ellias H. Porter. A quantitative research realized on a target group of seventy managers of international companies is a part of this thesis. The research is targeting to verify the impact of individual value preferences on employee behavior within team work for the chosen sample of managers. To reach the empirical research a combination of methods of questionnaires and standardized interviews shall be used. Key words: values, organizational behaviour, cooperation, Schwartz, Porter, portrait value survey, Motivational value system

Recent literature by several eminent psychotherapists ·such as Bergin and Beutler argues that counsellors' personal values are probably the greatest influence on the success and outcome of therapy and that the counsellor tends to convert the client to the counsellor's values. This literature provided strong support for this researcher's contention of the need for similar studies in pastoral counselling. The researcher was particularly concerned about the role of pastoral counsellors' value systems and moral judgement development in counselling situations. The researcher selected the Rokeach Value Survey and the Rest Defining Issues Test as instruments to test a sample of South African pastoral counsellors in this regard. The research questions addressed were as follows. Firstly, what are the value systems of a sample of pastoral counsellors in the South African context? Secondly, what are the moral judgement development levels of the pastoral counsellors? Thirdly, what is the relationship between the rank ordering of values and pastoral counsellors' levels of moral judgement development? Fourthly, what implications could these variables have for pastoral-client pairing in pastoral counselling? The chief findings were as follows. Firstly, the pastoral counsellors were shown to have conservative value systems with a preference for introspective terminal values over social terminal values. Secondly, the pastoral counsellors had a P score of 39.6 on the Defining Issues Test. This compares favourably with Asian university students who score between 36-40 as opposed to American university students who have a mean P score of 42.6. The researcher concluded that the conservative religious ideology of the sample helped to explain the low P scores somewhat. Thirdly, the Spearman correlational coefficient indicated little correlation between the Rokeach Value Survey and the Rest Defining Issues Test. Fourthly, both instruments indicated that the conservative nature of the pastoral counsellors would no doubt make them very effective counsellors in most denominations. They would tend to counsel in support of the status quo in the church. A major recommendation of the study was the need for further pastoral counsellor education in dealing with moral values issues. / Philosophy, Practical and Systematic Theology / D.Th. (Practical theology)