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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Validation d’une nouvelle génération de sondes HIFU en utilisant la thermométrie IRM / Validation of a new generation of HIFU probes while using MRI thermometry

Petrusca, Lorena Mihaela 14 December 2009 (has links)
L’objectif principal du projet concerne l’étude sous contrôle IRM de nouveaux transducteurs HIFU pour la thérapie. Le premier sous-projet vise la caractérisation d’une sonde HIFU pour le traitement des varices et l’optimisation des paramètres de tir en fonction de la profondeur de la veine dans le tissu. Des mesures acoustiques avec un hydrophone ont confirmé la création d’une ligne de focalisation. Une étude ex vivo utilisant des veines humaines excisées a été réalisée avec l’IRM de température haute résolution afin d’établir des paramètres d'efficacité et de sécurité. La deuxième partie est une étude de sonde sectorielle pour le traitement du cancer de la prostate. La méthode utilisée actuellement par Ablatherm a été comparée avec la méthode sectorielle, en alternant les deux secteurs de la sonde. Les résultats montrent que la forme et les dimensions de la lésion sont les mêmes, avec un gain de temps est de 20%. Troisièmement nous avons étudié une sonde à focalisation dynamique pour le traitement du cancer de la prostate. La validation in vitro et in vivo a été effectuée. Des points focaux distants de 32 à 69mm de la sonde ont été obtenus et des séquences décrivant des lignes, des tranches et des volumes ont été testées. Les cartes de température et de dose thermique montrent que la stratégie de sonication est adéquate pour induire une dose létale homogène de la forme désirée, ce qui permet un traitement mieux adapté en fonction l’anatomie de chaque patient. L’IRM nous a permis de mesurer de façon non-invasive et en temps réel la température au sein des tissus soumis au tir ultrasonore et de visualiser le volume détruit ainsi que les tissus adjacents / The main objective of the project concerns the study of new HIFU transducers for therapy using MRI guidance. The first sub-project aims the characterization of a HIFU probe for the treatment of the varices and the optimization of the shooting parameters according to the vein depth in the tissue. Acoustic measurements with a hydrophone were carried out in order to confirm the creation of a focalization line. An ex-vivo study using human excised veins was realized using high resolution MRI temperature control in order measure efficiency and security parameters. The second part is a study of a sector switching probe for prostate cancer treatment. The method used by Ablatherm was compared with the sector switching method, by alternating the two sectors of the probe. Results show that the lesion shape and the dimensions are the same for the two methods, but the time saving is 20% for the sector switching probe. A dynamic focalization probe for the prostate cancer treatment was studied for the last experimental part. In vitro and in vivo validation was carried out. Focal points at several distances (between 32 mm and 69 mm with respect to the probe) were obtained and sequences describing lines, splits and volumes were tested. The temperature and thermal dose maps show that the sonication strategy is adequate for inducing a homogenous lethal dose of the desired form. A treatment better adapted to the anatomy of each patient can be performed with this technique. The MRI allowed us to measure in a non-invasive manner and in real time the temperature within tissues subject to ultrasonic shooting and to visualize both the ablated volume and the adjacent tissues
2

The collateral caval shunt as an alternative to classical shunt procedures in patients with recurrent duodenal varices and extrahepatic portal vein thrombosis

Hau, Hans Michael, Fellmer, Peter, Schoenberg, Markus B., Schmelzle, Moritz, Morgul, Mehmet Haluk, Krenzien, Felix, Wiltberger, Georg, Hoffmeister, Albrecht, Jonas, Sven 05 September 2014 (has links) (PDF)
Upper gastrointestinal bleeding episodes from variceal structures are severe complications in patients with portal hypertension. Endoscopic sclerotherapy and variceal ligation are the treatment options preferred for upper variceal bleeding owing to extrahepatic portal hypertension due to portal vein thrombosis (PVT). Recurrent duodenal variceal bleeding in non-cirrhotic patients with diffuse porto-splenic vein thrombosis and subsequent portal. cavernous transformation represent a clinical challenge if classic shunt surgery is not possible or suitable. In this study, we represent a case of recurrent bleeding of duodenal varices in a non-cirrhotic patient with cavernous transformation of the portal vein that was successfully treated with a collateral caval shunt operation.
3

The collateral caval shunt as an alternative to classical shunt procedures in patients with recurrent duodenal varices and extrahepatic portal vein thrombosis

Hau, Hans Michael, Fellmer, Peter, Schoenberg, Markus B., Schmelzle, Moritz, Morgul, Mehmet Haluk, Krenzien, Felix, Wiltberger, Georg, Hoffmeister, Albrecht, Jonas, Sven January 2014 (has links)
Upper gastrointestinal bleeding episodes from variceal structures are severe complications in patients with portal hypertension. Endoscopic sclerotherapy and variceal ligation are the treatment options preferred for upper variceal bleeding owing to extrahepatic portal hypertension due to portal vein thrombosis (PVT). Recurrent duodenal variceal bleeding in non-cirrhotic patients with diffuse porto-splenic vein thrombosis and subsequent portal. cavernous transformation represent a clinical challenge if classic shunt surgery is not possible or suitable. In this study, we represent a case of recurrent bleeding of duodenal varices in a non-cirrhotic patient with cavernous transformation of the portal vein that was successfully treated with a collateral caval shunt operation.

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