This thesis deals with extraction of data from cell images and their visualisation. Cell images are processed by FISH method. It discusses theory of diagnosis evaluation automation and cell features visualization. That concerns image processing, cell nuclei segmentation, feature extraction and data visualization.

There are billions of photos on the internet and as the size of these digital repositories grows, finding target picture becomes more and more difficult. To increase the informational quality of photo albums we propose a new method that selects representative pictures from a group of photographs using computer vision algorithms. The aim of this study is to analyze the issues about image features, image similarity, object clustering and examine the specific characteristics of photographs. Tests show that there is no universal image descriptor that can easily simulate the process of clustering performed by human vision. The thesis proposes a hybrid algorithm that combines the advantages of selected features together using a specialized multiple-step clustering algorithm. The key idea of the process is that the frequently photographed objects are more likely to be representative. Thus, with a random selection from the largest photo clusters certain representative photos are obtained. This selection is further enhanced on the basis of optimization, where photos with better photographic properties are being preferred.

The thesis deals with the issue of tracking feature points earned from videosequences of hand helded camera. The work is focused on the case of moving camera and static background, and events that are associated with this case and can occur. There is studied the movement of the camera, which is given its direction and speed. The aim of this work is the election and the subsequent implementation of three fundamentally different methods suitable for tracking feature points in case of moving camera and their comparison according to set criteria. On the basis of comparison will be under pre-defined conditions chosen algorithm that is best able to deal with tracing these points.

Machine tool components are widely used in many industrial applications. In accordance with their usage, a reliable health monitoring system is necessary to detect defects in these components in order monitor machinery performance and avoid malfunction. Even though several techniques have been reported for fault detection and diagnosis, it is a challenging task to implement a condition monitoring system in real world applications due to their complexity in structure and noisy operating environment. The primary objective of this thesis is to develop novel intelligent algorithms for a reliable fault diagnosis of machine tool components. Another objective is to use Micro Electro Mechanical System (MEMS) sensor and interface it with Raspberry pi hardware for the real time condition monitoring. Primarily knowledge based approach with morphological operators and Fuzzy Inference System is proposed, the e˙ectiveness of this approach lies in the selection of structuring elements(SEs). When this is evaluated with di˙erent classes of bearing fault signals, it is able to detect the fault frequencies e˙ectively. Secondarily, An analytical approach with multi class support machine is proposed, this method has uniqueness of learning on its own with out any prior knowledge, the e˙ectiveness of this method lies on selected features and used kernel for converging. Results have shown that RBF (Radial Bias Function) kernel, which is commonly known as gauss kernel has good performance in identifying faults with less computation time. An idea of prototyping these methods has triggered in using Micro Electro Mechanical System (MEMS) sensor for data acquisition and real time Condition Monitoring. LIS3DH accelerometer sensor is used for the data acquisition of spindle for capturing high frequency fault signals. The measured data is analyzed and compared with the industrial sensor k-shear accelerometer type 8792A.

The Trypanosoma theileri group are blood parasites of ungulates. Confirmed vectors of these protists are horseflies or sheep keds for T. melophagium, but these trypanosomes were also detected in deer keds, mosquitoes and phlebotomus. We targeted on the investigation of possibility mosquitoes acting as vectors and additionally we targeted on the prevalence of T. theileri in mosquitoes at selected locations in the Czech Republic due to previous positive detection there. The measured prevalence has reached 6,4 % in mosquitoes, 4 % in deer keds and 16,7 % in sheep keds. The aim of experimental infections was to discover a potential of mosquitoes and phlebotomus acting as vectors of the T. theileri. Phlebotomus perniciosus and three species of mosquitoes Culex pipiens molestus, Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus and Aedes vexans were used for those experiments. Furthermore, isolates of T. theileri and T. melophagium from different sources were used. The divergence among these isolates and among used species of insect was found. The best results were achieved with Ae. aegypti and isolates from mosquitoes, where prevalence had reached 90,8 %. The infected mosquitoes were used for prediuresis research which had shown infection forms of the trypanosomes in the urine liquid. The phylogenetic analyse of T....

Smarte Prüfsysteme werden ein Schlüsselbaustein zur Qualitätssicherung in der industriellen Fertigung und Produktion sein. Insbesondere trifft dies auf komplexe Prüf- und Bewertungsprozesse zu. In den letzten Jahren haben sich hierfür lernbasierte Verfahren als besonders vielversprechend herauskristallisiert. Ihr Einsatz geht in der Regel mit erheblichen Performanceverbesserungen gegenüber konventionellen, regel- bzw. geometriebasierten Methoden einher. Der Black-Box-Charakter dieser Algorithmen führt jedoch dazu, dass die Interpretationen der berechneten Prognosegüten kritisch zu hinterfragen sind. Das Vertrauen in die Ergebnisse von Algorithmen, die auf maschinellem Lernen basieren, kann erhöht werden, wenn verschiedene, voneinander unabhängige Verfahren zum Einsatz kommen. Hierbei sind Datenfusionsstrategien anzuwenden, um die Resultate der verschiedenen Methoden zu einem Endergebnis zusammenzufassen. Im Konferenzbeitrag werden, aufbauend auf einer kurzen Vorstellung wichtiger Ansätze zur Objektklassifikation, entsprechende Fusionsstrategien präsentiert und an einem Fallbeispiel evaluiert. Im Anschluss wird auf Basis der Ergebnisse das Potential der Datenfusion in Bezug auf das Maschinelle Lernen erörtert.

This research examines the multi-vectored nature of Belarusian foreign policy since 1996 when Alexander Lukashenka solidified his regime in Belarus until today. The trends in Belarusian foreign policy are analyzed through the scope of interdependency and its intricate interplay with Belarusian national identity, or in other words, how President Lukashenka understands and interprets the Belarusian people. Since the early 2000s, it appeared that Belarus changed its foreign policy in an attempt to become less dependent on Russia and more open to working with new partners. Officially, Lukashenka has consistently maintained a multi-vector approach to Belarusian foreign policy and also in practice, despite intermittent speculation that Belarus might drastically change the dynamics of its foreign policy. Decreasing dependence is not motivation enough to completely alter perceived stability and a reluctance for change among the Belarusian people. Lukashenka uses the flexibility of his foreign policy to try to extract some benefits from global partners; however, the status quo of Lukashenka's foreign policies continues to remain intact. Keywords Belarus, President Alexander Lukashenka, Multi-vector, multipolar, foreign policy, interdependence, national identity, dependence

There was an increase in a number of applications for a master degree program with the growth in time. It takes huge time to process all the application documents of each and every applicant manually and requires a high volume of the workforce. This can be reduced if automation is used for this process. In any case, before that, an analysis of the complete strides required in preparing was precisely the automation must be utilized to diminish the time and workforces must be finished. The application process for the applicant is actually participating in several steps. First, the applicant sends the complete scanned documents to the uni-assist; from there the applications are received by the student assistant team at the particular university to which the applicant had applied, and then they are sent to the individual departments. At the individual sections, the individual applications will be handled by leading an intensive study to know whether the applicant by their past capabilities scopes to satisfy the prerequisites of further study system to which they have applied. What's more, by considering the required points of interest of the applicant without investigating every single report, and to pack the information and diminish the preparing time for the specific division, by this postulation extend a solitary web apparatus is being produced that can procedure the application which is much dependable in the basic leadership procedure of application.

Intelligente Bauteile sind zunehmend in der Forschung und Industrie von Interesse, aufgrund ihrer vielfältigen Einsatzmöglichkeiten. Ein Beispiel dafür ist ein aktuelles Projekt des Bundesexzellenzclusters MERGE, welches sich mit der Entwicklung einer Mittelkonsole befasst, die als Bedienelement in einem Kraftfahrzeug dienen und durch Berührungen Aktionen ausführen soll. Um diese Funktionalität zu ermöglichen, ist es notwendig, die mittels piezokeramischer Sensoren erzeugten elektrischen Signale hinsichtlich der Lokalisation des Einschlags auszuwerten. Dies bezüglich werden verschiedene Signaleigenschaften auf ihre Eignung unter Verwendung einer support vector machine untersucht. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass durch die energetische Betrachtung der Signale eine Einschlagslokalisation realisierbar ist, aber Einschränkungen in der praktischen Verwendbarkeit aufweist.

Die vorliegende Arbeit ist der analytischen Untersuchung und Weiterentwicklung von Methoden und Schaltungen zur Einstellung der Signalphase und -amplitude gewidmet. Hierbei wird zum Ziel gesetzt, die Leistungsfähigkeit dieser Schaltungen als analoge Hochfrequenz-Baugruppen in Empfangs- und Sendeschaltkreisen mit einem vergleichbaren oder geringerem schaltungstechnischen Aufwand und Strombedarf zu verbessern und dies anhand von Implementierungsbeispielen zu bestätigen. Die Dämpfungsglied-Topologien , T, überbrücktes T und X werden modelliert und hinsichtlich der Phasenbeeinflussung analysiert, sodass eine Bewertung ihrer Eignung durchgeführt werden kann. Weiterhin wird ein innovativer Ansatz zur Linearisierung der Steuerkennlinie vorgestellt und mit Hilfe einer Beispielschaltung mit einem Phasenfehler von 3 ° und einem Steuerlinearitätsfehler von 0,35 dB innerhalb der 1 dB Grenzfrequenz und einem Steuerbereich von 20 dB nachgewiesen. Die Arbeit bietet darüber hinaus eine analytische Betrachtung zu aktiven steuerbaren Verstärkern, welche die besondere Eignung der Gilbert-Zelle aufzeigt und eine geeignete Ansteuerschaltung ableitet. Am Beispiel nach diesem Prinzip entworfener Schaltkreise werden Phasenfehler von nur 0,4 ° innerhalb eines besonders hohen Stellbereichs von 36 dB demonstriert, wodurch eine Vergrößerung des Stellbereichs um den Faktor 4 und eine Verbesserung des Phasenfehlers um den Faktor 2 im Vergleich zum Stand der Technik erreicht wurde. Es wird der Zirkulator-Phasenschieber maßgeblich durch eine neuartige geeignete Ansteuerung verbessert. Damit werden die sonst für die Amplitudenbeeinflussung im Wesentlichen verantwortlichen Varaktoren überflüssig, ohne dabei den schaltungstechnischen Aufwand zu erhöhen. Eine Messung der entsprechenden Schaltung bestätigt dies mit einem Amplitudenfehler von nur 0,9 dB für einen Phasenstellbereich von 360 °, was einer Verringerung des Fehlers um den Faktor 3 im Vergleich zu herkömmlichen Zirkulator-Phasenschiebern entspricht. Abschließend wird der Funktionsnachweis mehrerer entworfener Vektor-Modulatoren mit einer effektiven Genauigkeit von bis zu 6 bit in Einzelschaltungen, Hybridaufbauten und schließlich im Rahmen eines vollständig integrierten Empfängerschaltkreises erbracht. Dieser erzielt eine Verdopplung der Reichweite bei einer um nur 35% höheren Leistungsaufnahme gegenüber einem herkömmlichen Kommunikationsverfahren (SISO). / The present work is dedicated to the investigation and enhancement of amplitude and phase control methods and circuits. The aim is to enhance the performance of these circuits in modern radio frequency transceivers with a comparable or even lower effort and power consumption. A prove of concept will be delivered with implementation examples. By means of models of the passive attenuator topologies , T, bridged-T and X, a thorough analysis is performed in order to compare them regarding their impact on the signal phase. Additionally, a novel approach to increase the control linearity of the attenuators is proposed and verified by measurements, showing a phase error of 3 ° and a control linearity error of 0,35 dB at the 1 dB corner frequency, successfully. The work also presents an investigation on variable gain amplifiers and reveals the superior performance of the Gilbert cell with respect to low phase variations. A cascode biasing circuit that supports these properties is proposed. Measurements prove this concept with relative phase errors of 0,4 ° over a wide attenuation control range of 36 dB thus cutting the error by half in a four times wider control range. The circulator based phase shifting approach is chosen and improved significantly by means of tuning the transconductor instead of the varactors thus removing their impact on signal amplitude. The approach is supported by measurements yielding an amplitude error of only 0,9 dB within a phase control range of 360 ° which corresponds to an improvement by a factor of three compared to recent circulator phase shifters. Finally, the design of several vector modulator topologies is shown with hardware examples of single chips, hybrid printed circuit boards and highly integrated system level ICs demonstrating a full receiver. By using improved variable gain amplifiers, an effective vector modulator resolution of 6 bit without calibration is achieved. Furthermore, a multiple-input multiple-output system is demonstrated that doubles the coverage range of common SISO systems with only 35% of additional power consumption.