Magister Educationis - Med / According to Morrison (2007), bullying is considered a critical issue in the Western Cape Schools as well as in South African schools in general. This phenomenon of bullying can affect learners in schools and may lead to several problems such as low esteem, poor academic performance, depression, absenteeism and eventually dropping out of school. In addition, numerous studies in psychology have revealed that physical activity has positive effects on learners, (Ajay, 2011; Shaffer, 2002). This is because it increases self-esteem in learners, boosts confidence and builds the physical, social, emotional, moral and intellectual composition in an individual. This study will aim (1) to determine the relationship between bullying and physical activity among South African learners in one high school in the Western Cape, (2) to measure the frequency of bullying at that high school, (3) to measure the frequency of bully-victimization in the school among South African learners in that high school in the Western Cape, and (4) to establish the level of physical activity by the learners in the high school. This study used a quantitative method and a descriptive survey as research design. The participants were mostly black South African adolescent learners, aged between 14 and 20 years.

The diploma thesis deals with the issue of domestic violence. At present, we speak about domestic violence more often, however, education is always a significant benefit, because stereotypical assumptions still remain in our society. They are often one of the obstacles which result in the impossibility to eliminate this socially pathological phenomenon. In the theoretical part of the thesis I describe the current status, forms, signs, progress, and the most common myths and prejudices of the public on the issue of domestic violence. In conclusion of the theoretical part I focus on prevention of socially pathological phenomena, and helping the victims. For this diploma work were established the following three hypotheses: H1: "Students at University of South Bohemia perceive the aggressor as the initiator of domestic violence." H2: "Students at University of South Bohemia perceive the aggressor as an uneducated person." H3: "Students at University of South Bohemia are convinced that domestic violence is more frequent with another ethnicity." In the empirical part I characterize the selected group. The research involved a total of 512 students. They include 450 women and 62 men. They were the students of Bachelor's and Master's study programmes of the Faculty of Health and Social Sciences at University of South Bohemia, in full-time and extramural form of study, and different age categories. The research was lead by the method of quantitative research, using a questionnaire survey with the semantic differential. Students had the opportunity to write down their positive or negative view of the victim and the offender or to remain impartial. The aim of the thesis was to find out the opinions and attitudes of students attending Faculty of Health and Social Sciences at University of South Bohemia to the victim and perpetrators of domestic violence. Most commonly, the students perceive the victim as a submissive, introverted, timid woman, who is not satisfied with this situation. They perceive the perpetrator as a dominant individual, who tends to jealousy. The stated hypothesis H1 has been confirmed. Hypotheses H2 and H3 have not been confirmed, and as a result, the alternative hypotheses have been accepted.

Föreliggande studie undersökte förekomsten av milt partnervåld bland studenter samt om det förelåg en interaktionseffekt mellan kvinnliga och manliga studenter vad gäller uppfattningen av allvarlighetsgraden till partnervåld samt studentens egen historia av partnervåld. Två vinjetter beskrev ett scenario av partnervåld som graderades utifrån Opinions of Domestic Violence Scale samt fjorton frågor om beteenden inom partnervåld. Deltagarna var 476 studenter från ett mellanstort universitet i Sverige. Resultatet indikerade på att manliga studenter är mer utsatta för milt partnervåld medan kvinnliga studenter begår mer milt partnervåld. Vidare visade resultatet att manliga studenter som hade varit utsatta för partnervåld uppfattade våldet som allvarligt, men som mindre allvarligt än manliga studenter som varken varit utsatta eller förövare av partnervåld, samtidigt som kvinnliga studenter uppfattade våldet som allvarligt, oavsett om de hade varit utsatta, förövare, både utsatta och förövare eller varken utsatt eller förövare av partnervåld. Studiens resultat diskuteras utifrån tidigare forskning samt Gender schema theory. Praktiska implikationer diskuterades som understryker att vidare kunskap inom området bör implementeras. / The present study examined the frequency of mild partner violence among students, as well as the interaction between female and male students regarding the perception of the severity of partner violence together with the students’ own history of partner violence. Two vignettes described a scenario of partner violence and were graded according to the Opinions of Domestic Violence Scale along with fourteen questions about behaviours within partner violence. The participants were 476 students enrolled at an average sized university in Sweden. The results indicated that male students generally were more victimized of mild partner violence, while women perpetrated more mild partner violence. Furthermore, the results also showed that male students who had been victims of partner violence perceived partner violence as severe, but less severe compared to male students that had been neither victims nor perpetrators of partner violence, while female students perceived the violence as more severe, regardless if they had been victimized, perpetrators, both victimized and perpetrators or neither victimized nor perpetrators. The study’s results were discussed based on previous research as well as Gender Schema Theory. Practical implications were discussed which conclude that further education is needed within the area.

Rape is a serious crime and is a huge problem in Ethiopia. It has a devastating effect on the victim and society as a whole. The Ethiopian news is peppered with reports of this crime. Anorganized and sophisticated way in which the perpetrators of rape can be identified is by the use of modus operandi information. The aim of this research is to evaluate how modus operandi can be used as a perpetrator identification technique in the investigation of rape cases in the Gulele policing area. For any investigation to be successful, the investigator must have the objectives of crime investigation in mind. In the investigation of crime, the collection of evidence is important and there are two basic important principles, namely Locard’s principle and the chain of custody that investigator must comply with. These will ensure that evidence is admissible during a trial. Evidence is found on a crime scene. In rape cases, the body of the perpetrator and the victim can be seen as the crime scene. For evidence to be applicable to the investigation, it must first be identified and then individualised. It is important for investigators to be familiar with the concept of modus operandi, and the influencing factors. The purpose of this research is to provide practical recommendations on the best practices for the use of modus operandi. / Police Practice / M. Tech. (Forensic Investigation)