v anglickém jazyce Criminal aspects of domestic violence The subject-matter of this thesis are criminal law aspects of domestic violence that is why the focal point of my work is in an analysis of criminal law regulation of domestic violence and criminal offences committed in connection with it. Beside that I have tried to provide a general review of a phenomenon called domestic violence, of its character, basic attributes, types, effects and controversial issues. One chapter is about the regulation of criminal procedure, particularly about a victim's right of disposition and the new Victims of criminal offences Act. In the last chapter I have tried to analyse a few cases and show the most important criminal aspects of this issue.

1 Summary The topic of the diploma thesis is "Domestic violence and its prevention". The thesis is therefore divided into two parts - the first part dealing with the phenomenon of domestic violence and the second one focused on possibilities of prevention de lege lata and de lege ferenda. The main aim of the diploma thesis was to provide a general overview of this matter, analyze chosen aspects of domestic violence, emphasize related actual or controversial issues and after comparison with the foreign legal orders to suggest possible regulation of the issues not regulated. The presented diploma thesis consists of six chapters, each one dealing with another aspect of domestic violence. The first chapter should provide an introduction to the topic, define the scope of domestic violence and its features, explain principle of the cycle of violence and concentrate as well on the victimology. The second chapter scrutinizes the types and forms of domestic violence. The third chapter is dedicated to criminal law, examining criminal offences related to domestic violence and particular questions of the criminal procedure especially consent of the injured party to the prosecution and compensation of other than proprietary loss. The fourth chapter deals with comparison of the Czech legal regulation with the foreign...

Resumé (Aj) Domestic violence - in particular, criminological and criminal aspects The domestic violence is a significant societal problem which requires the attention of every state. But this opinion did not prevail in history. Although the domestic violence appeared across all social strata and historical periods, it was viewed as private problem of the family. In the Czech Republic the domestic violence has started to be considered as a public affair in last years. Nowadays the state guarantees especially a protection to victims of domestic violence. The legal order of the Czech Republic contains several acts affecting the domestic violence. The regulation of this phenomenon can be found in both private and public law. The aim of my thesis is to provide an integrated view to the domestic violence issue focusing on criminological and criminal aspects. This thesis is divided into eight chapters. First I tried to define a fundamental characteristics of domestic violence, then I turned my attention to the victimilogy and mainly to victims of domestic violence and impacts of the violence on their psyche. Third chapter is devoted to the Domestic Violence Act, which contains in particular legislation relating to expulsion as a protective instrument against domestic violence or introduces intervention centers....

(Aj) Domestic violence and its prevention This diploma thesis handles comprehensivly topic of domestic violence and its prevention. It is a very serious social problem. Home of victims of domestic violence turns into a place full of abuse and fear. Violence against close persons is committed since time immemorial but in the interest of the professional public was given only a few decades ago. The aim of this thesis is to describe crimiological aspects of domestic violence and to introduce legal regulation system related to this phenomen. Unfortunately domestic violence occurs often with high latency and everyone could be a victim. To eliminate this type of violence it is especially important to know this phenomenon well and to put these findings into awareness of society because in the society number of myths regarding domestic violence still remains, which makes preventing such violence more difficult and causes secondary victimization. The first part of this thesis shows how dangerous phenomen domestic violence is. It defines domestic violence, describes its characters, categories, forms of used violence and causes of this kind of violence. It also deals with offenders and also victims, including devastating impacts to their menatl and physical health. The second part is devoted to legal...

This study examines the construction of credibility in a rape conviction from 2013 in Swedishcourts of law by the district court and the higher regional court. The study use discourseanalysis with a focus on identity, and gender and honour as analytical concepts to analyse theconcept of credibility. The results show that the concept of credibility is not constantthroughout the courts and neither are the identities. In this case it may be due to the districtcourt´s judgement in a general credibility and weighed in only the plaintiffs Romanianethnicity and not the defendant’s Iranian ethnicity, while the higher regional court on theother hand judged a more specific credibility, looked at the facts and ruled out ethnicity. Inthe latter court the defendant was found guilty. The study also shows that when the courtsinterpret the parties from a modern context they miss alternative explanations for theirbehaviour regarding values of clannism in a pre-modern context. They missed alternativeways to interpret the parties as a trustworthy victim and a possible offender respectively. Aresult from this study is the suggestion that the most reliable credibility assessment is tointerpret the parties from their own context.

Huge natural disaster events can be so devastating that they often overwhelm human rescuers and yet, they seem to occur more often. The TRADR (Long-Term Human-Robot Teaming for Robot Assisted Disaster Response) research project aims at developing methodology for heterogeneous teams composed of human rescuers as well as ground and aerial robots. While the robots swarm the disaster sites, equipped with advanced sensors, they collect a huge amount row-data that cannot be processed efficiently by humans. Therefore, in the frame of the here presented work, a semantic interpreter has been developed that crawls through the raw data, using state of the art object detection algorithms to identify victim targets and extracts all kinds of information that is relevant for rescuers to plan their missions. Subsequently, this information is restructured by a reasoning process and then stored into a high-level database that can be queried accordingly and ensures data constancy.

Au fil du temps, la victime a acquis une place bien solide et dispose aujourd’hui d’un rôle considérable au sein du procès pénal. En effet, à l’exception de la phase de l’exécution des peines, la victime intervient effectivement dans le procès répressif en qualité de partie. De plus, la victime qui n’exerce normalement que l’action civile pour la réparation du préjudice subi par une infraction pénale s’immisce dans l’action publique au point de brouiller les frontières qui existaient auparavant entre l ’action privée et l’action publique. Il s’est produit un renouveau du sens du procès pénal, ses finalités ont été ébranlées, la réponse pénale s’est diversifiée et le rôle des acteurs par là-même modifié. L’étude des droits qui lui sont octroyés et du rôle qu’elle exerce au sein du procès répressif a révélé l’ambiguïté de son action. Il est donc apparu nécessaire de clarifier la place de la victime au sein du procès pénal. / As time went on, the victim acquired a very solid place and has a considerable role within the criminal trial. Except for the phase of the execution of sentences, the victim actually intervenes in the repressive trial as a party. Furthermore, the victim who normally only exercises the civil action for the repair of the damages suffered by a criminal offense, interferes today in the « public action » to the point that blurs the borders which existed previously between the private action and the public action.The meaning of the criminal trial has therefore been renewed. Its finalities have been shaken, the criminal justice response has been diversified and even the role of the actors in the procedure have been modified. The study of the rights which are granted to the victim and the study of the role which the victim exercises within the repressive trial revealed the ambiguity of its action. It therefore seemed necessary to clarify the place of the victim within the criminal Trial.

Magister Legum - LLM / This research is aimed at evaluating the adequacy and effectiveness of the legal framework dealing with human trafficking in South Africa. To achieve this purpose, a comprehensive overview of the punishment, prevention of human trafficking in South Africa was looked into as well as victim protection. An overview of the history of slavery and an analysis of the modern conceptualisation of human trafficking indicate that human trafficking is a highly complex concept, and that there are various approaches to the understanding of the concept of human trafficking. There are various definitions of trafficking found in international instruments of which the most important has been identified as that contained in the Palermo Protocol. The definitions vary also because trafficking is closely related to the phenomena of migration, slavery and smuggling of humans. The study further identifies some significant root causes of trafficking The research concedes that although common-law crimes, statutes and transitional legislation can be utilized to challenge some trafficking elements, these offences are not comprehensive enough to amply deal with the crime’s complexities and provide only a fragmented approach to combating the crime. The study shows that South Africa has adopted specific legislation, namely the Trafficking Act. The research further establishes also that international, regional and sub-regional instruments on trafficking and related aspects of trafficking provide guidelines for developing effective strategies to deal with trafficking within the region. The counter-trafficking strategies as found in treaties, protocols, declarations and resolutions, which focus specifically on combating trafficking and those with a human-rights focus, obliges States to prosecute traffickers, protect those who are vulnerable to trafficking as well as those already trafficked and establish measures for prevention. This research further highlighted the importance of preventing human trafficking which starts with government but non- governmental organisations play a vital role in this element as well.

This diploma thesis addresses the issues of victims of crimes in criminology. Object of this work is to describe the victim's status and rights, introduce the area of victimology to the reader together with related knowledge of this area, description of recent legislation pertaining victims with particular focus on Crime Victims Act. This diploma thesis is structured as following: Introduction, 10 chapters, systematically divided into subchapters, conclusion. First chapter deals with questions of victimology, it's evolution and subject matter. Second chapter explains the concept of victim of the crime, victimity and special types of victims, e.g. pseudo victim or multiple victim. Chapter three covers the area of victimization and it's characteristics. Debunking of famous victimological myths is also included in this chapter. Chapter four describes an influence of the crime on victim and how possible victimisation results in post-traumatic stress disorder. Chapter mentions which circumstances can deepen victimization and gives an account of syndromes of the victims. Next chapter presents specific victims. There are various victimological researches examined in chapter six and help for victims of crime is topic of the chapter seven. Chapter eight addresses prevention in victimology. Following chapter...

Domestic violence is a serious social problem that has not received enough attention for a long time. Domestic violence differs from other forms of agression by the fact that it occures in private, behind closed door between people who is close to each other. Violent and threatened peroson are emotionally and materially connected so it is more difficult for the victim to leave the offender. In addition, victims often do not confess with their situation, so it makes domestic violence very latent phenomenon. The aim of this thesis is to clarify domestic violence through its features, forms, causes and profile of the violent and threatend person and to interpret the current effective legal regulation focusing on criminal aspects of substantive and procedural law. This thesis consists of four parts. The introductory chapter defines some basic terms that are related to domestic violence. In particular, the term of domestic violence, key features, the cycle of domestic violence, its forms and causes. In addition, there is defined the profile of violent and threatened person. There are also summarized specific characters in context with women, men, children, seniors and LGBT people. This chapter also describes devastating implications of domestic violence on victims. The second chapter deals with the...