Se evaluó la reactividad potencial frente a los álcalis, de los materiales utilizados como agregados para hormigón, en la zona de Viedma (Prov. de Río Negro). Se muestrearon las principales canteras proveedoras de arena y canto rodado y se evaluaron áreas potenciales de extracción. Se utilizaron métodos de ensayo convencionales: barras de mortero (IRAM 1674), prismas de hormigón (IRAM 1700), análisis petrográfico (IRAM 1650) y se determinó la sílice disuelta por el método de ensayo químico (IRAM 1649). El trabajo se realizó sobre 8 can-teras de canto rodado y 3 de arena, la mayoría en explota-ción y en sectores litológicamente favorables. Se estudió la petrografía de los agregados con esteremicroscopio y micros-copio de polarización sobre secciones delgadas y se realizaron las curvas granulométricas normalizadas. Se identificaron ro-cas volcánicas, la mayoría con pastas vítreas, frescas y al-teradas, como componentes predominantes tanto de los agre-gados gruesos como finos. Gran parte de los cantos rodados presentan una pátina de sílice criptocristalina en la superficie y los ubicados en las planicies más elevadas, que constituyen la vieja terraza del valle, fuerte carbonatación. En la composi-ción de la arena se identificó escasa cantidad de vidrio volcá-nico, en clastos individuales y calcedonia. Este método permi-tió calificar a los materiales estudiados como potencialmente reactivos desde el punto de vista petrográfico. La expansión medida en las barras de mortero supera ampliamente los límites establecidos en la norma (entre 0,337 y 0,575 % a los 16 días). Los resultados de sílice disuelta, determinada en el método químico son coincidentes con la expansión medida en las barras de mortero. Los materiales estudiados se califica-ron como potencialmente reactivos frente a la reacción álcali-sílice. La reactividad se adjudicó a las rocas volcánicas vítre-as y a la sílice criptocristalina que cubre gran parte de los cantos rodados. / The potential alkali reactivity of the materials used as aggregates in the zone of Viedma (Province of Río Negro) was evaluated. Standard test methods were used: mortar bars (IRAM 1674), concrete prisms (IRAM 1700), petrographic analysis (IRAM 1650) and the dissolved silica was determined by the chemical test method (IRAM 1649). The work was made in 8 quarries of gravel and 3 of sand, most of them ac-tives and others in lithologically favourable areas. The petro-graphy of the aggregates was studied with stereomicroscope and polarization microscope on thin sections. Granulometric standard curves were made. Volcanic rocks were identified, most of them with vitreous pastes (fresh and altered) as principal components of the coarse and fine aggregates. Most of the particles have cryptocrystalline silica on the surfaces and those located in the elevated areas present strong carbo-natation. In the composition of the sand, scarce volcanic glass in individual particles and chalcedony were identified. This method allows to qualify the studied materials as potentially alkali reactive from the petrographic point of view. The expansion measured in the mortar bars exceeds the values established in the standard test (between 0,337 and 0,575 at 16 days). The results of dissolved silica, determined by the chemical method are coincident with the expansion measured in the mortar bars. The material studied was classi-fied as potentially alkali reactive respect to the alkali silica reaction. The reactivity was adjudicated to volcanic rocks with glassy matrices and to the cryptocrystalline silica that cover the surfaces of most of the gravels.

El valle de Viedma (Río Negro) es un área bajo riego de reciente colonización ya que los primeros colonos se asentaron en la década del setenta del siglo pasado. A lo largo del proceso, se tuvo la sensación de que el proyecto tal cual fue previsto para lograr el desarrollo a partir de la producción primaria y agroindustrial, no tuvo el progreso esperado y la frustración se instaló en el valle. Sin embargo, desde los primeros años del siglo XXI se observa un cambio de expectativas y un mayor dinamismo. Uno de los objetivos de este estudio fue conocer las nuevas categorías de productores primarios, las estrategias utilizadas y como se generaron. Se postuló que los capitales disponibles, la influencia del entorno y las características del productor y su grupo familiar son determinantes para la selección de las estrategias a desarrollar. Por otro lado se sostuvo que la suma de estrategias similares desencadena procesos locales, que con menor o mayor grado de innovación origina transformaciones en el territorio. Los productores y sus estrategias junto a las relaciones y vínculos que generan, permite suponer que en el territorio existe una “nueva ruralidad”, y que un nuevo modelo de desarrollo caracterizado por la fragmentación se despliega y permite el surgimiento de una sociedad rural más diversificada donde lo nuevo se mezcla con tradicional, con lazos con otras regiones y el medio urbano. La colonización del valle de Viedma sucedió en el marco de un contexto internacional como nacional cambiante, por lo que se realizó un detalle de los principales hechos políticos y económicos ocurridos lo largo de los últimos 50 años. Se realizaron entrevistas semi estructuradas a 28 productores, la mayor parte de ellos con una actitud activa y en algunos casos innovadoras hacia el territorio. Los resultados permitieron clasificar las estrategias adoptadas por los productores primarios de acuerdo al capital principal que le dio origen, diferenciando aquellas basadas en el capital cultural, económico, social y político. Posteriormente, una encuesta realizada al 5 % de las parcelas existentes en el valle de Viedma expuso las diferentes categorías de productores y los procesos locales existentes en el territorio. Los procesos locales son variados y se destacan como innovadores aquellos que incorporan nuevos productos (uva para vino, frutos secos, etc.), nuevos mercados (MERCOSUR, Unión Europea, etc.), nuevos procesos (escala de gestión, gestión más profesionalizada, uso del espacio rural para usos diferentes (vivienda, turismo rural, paisaje, etc.). Las conclusiones permiten sostener que el territorio se muestra fragmentado, dinamizado por diferentes categorías de productores, con múltiples relaciones con el secano y el medio urbano, adquiriendo una importancia destacable el ingreso extra predial, la pluri actividad, la multifuncionalidad del espacio rural, una tendencia a la concentración de la tierra y una incipiente relación con los mercados internacionales. / The valley of Viedma (RC-o Negro) is an irrigated area recently colonized, since the first colonists settled in the 1970s. Along the process, it was felt that the project for development of primary production and agro had not the expected progress, and frustration settled in the valley. However, since the early years of this century there has been a change in expectations and bigger dynamism. One of the objectives of this study was to determine the new categories of primary producers, the strategies used and how they were generated. It was postulated that the funds available, the influence of the environment and the characteristics of the producer and his family are crucial for the selection of strategies to develop. On the other hand, it was argued that the sum of local processes triggers similar strategies, which with greater or lesser degree of innovation cause changes in the territory. The producers and their strategies, together with the relationships and connections they generate, suggest that in the area exists a "new rurality", and that a new model of development characterized by fragmentation unfolds and allows the emergence of a more diversified rural society where the new is mixed with the traditional, with ties with other regions and urban areas. The colonization of Viedma's valley took place in an unstable international and national context, so a brief mention of the major political and economical events that occurred during the last 50 years was included. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 28 farmers, most of them with a proactive, and in some cases innovative, attitude towards the territory. The results allowed us to classify the strategies adopted by primary producers according to the main capital that originated them, differentiating those based on cultural, economic, social and political capital. Subsequently, a survey of 5% of the total existing parcels (*) in the valley of Viedma revealed the different categories of producers and the local processes that exist in the territory. The local processes vary, and the ones that stand out are those which incorporate new products (wine grapes, nuts, etc.), new markets (MERCOSUR, European Union, etc.) and new processes (b &). Our conclusions allow us to say that the territory is fragmented, energized * by different categories of farmers, with multiple relationships with the dry and the urban environment, acquiring a remarkable importance the income from additional lands, the plural activities, the multi functionality of rural space, with a tendency to land concentration and incipient relationship with international markets.

In "Contestatory Subjects: Performance and the Politics of Recognition in Don Quijote," I analyze the performative strategies used by several well-known characters in Cervantes' 1605 Don Quijote to counter their initial displacement and to constitute an alternative yet acceptable subject position for themselves within the socio-historic structure of the text. Throughout the study, I posit that successful subjectivity requires more than the character who performs any given subject position; it requires a response, an on-going dialogue between self and other - and most importantly - it requires an ethical commitment to the process on the part of the witness, be that witness intra- or extra-textual. My analysis of Dorotea, Ruy Pérez, and Zoraida shows that their individual performances are really communal or dialogic processes played out in conjunction with other characters. My project therefore counters the tendency to study each character's story as an isolated performance or as a self-contained intercalated tale in Don Quijote. Rather, I offer a more holistic or integrated examination of a trajectory of contestatory performances throughout Part I of the Quijote. With each performance, the 1605 novel increasingly expands the normative limits of social inclusivity in Early Modern Spain, ultimately arguing in the last chapters for the accommodation of a mora cristiana within the limits of the recognizable. In viewing these characters not as isolated, self-fashioning individuals but rather as a community of performers and ethical witnesses, my analysis points toward a didactic project on Cervantes's part in the 1605 novel, in which he uses these characters to model and tutor the reader in empathetic reading strategies that forestall the inquisitorial hermeneutic imposed by the State and the Church in Habsburg Spain. My analysis of Cervantes's contestatory performances and their receptions draws primarily on critical theories of gender and performance studies in combination with the cultural materialist studies of early modern Spain (e.g., Cruz, Fuchs, Hernández-Pecoraro, Johnson, Maravall, Mariscal, Presberg, Sieber). Of particular importance are Judith Butler's work on gender performativity and Kelly Oliver's work on witnessing, which nuances Butler's notion of performativity by addressing the ethical responsibilities on the part of the witness/spectator. Each chapter links the performance in question back to the material conditions and available discourses vying to produce acceptable subjects in early modern Spain. In terms of normative discourses, the most obvious institutions involved in the formation and reformation of the seventeenth-century Spanish subject are the Church and the Absolutist state, quite effectively combined in the Holy Office of the Inquisition. Therefore, this study features a number of theological, economic, and social treatises that were written in an effort to constitute the ideal Spanish subject in terms of gender, religion, race/ethnicity and class/estado. Around these normative subject positions we observe the subsequent formation of resistant or contestatory discourses, which also feature prominently in each chapter of the study. By combining the work of Butler and Oliver, and insisting on an analysis of both the performer and the spectator in various scenes of Don Quijote, Part I, this project fills gaps in the scholarship on Cervantes and performance studies, which have tended to privilege the performance of the self-fashioning individual while overlooking the dialogic nature of performativity. I show that there is more at stake than opening space for projects of private perfection, which is no doubt a necessary goal. Also at stake are ethical relationships with others and shared projects of social reform and restoration. In all of the performances I analyze here, Cervantes creates characters who self-fashion by reiterating and manipulating contrary, traditionally binary discourses around gender, class, race/ethnicity, religion, and nationality. In turn, his fictional witness-listeners model the ethical posture necessary to maintain a productive openness to the characters' difference. Together, their performances induce us to accept the contestatory virtues of faith, good works, and caritas over the normative determinants of blood (purity) and lineage (old-order occupations; ejercicios), which the novel shows to be tired categories that are encouraging costly foreign wars, emigration to the New World, declining fertility rates, and unproductive economic investments.

En este trabajo se analiza el Plan Solidario: Viedma por una Economía de Autosostenimiento con Dignidad, que pretende superar las necesidades de subsistencia de los participantes, basándose en el modelo de granja integral agroecológica. A partir de esa propuesta, se impulsan prácticas asociativas y solidarias y se favorece la organización grupal a través de un asentamiento productivo-comunitario. El estudio del caso se enmarca en la perspectiva de trayectoria organizacional que postulan Benencia y Flood. Realizar un análisis del proceso de construcción participativa en un programa determinado, permite tomar conciencia sobre el efecto que ejercen las trayectorias de los actores en el diseño de las estrategias de acción para la resolución de las problemáticas y el rol que cumplen los agentes de desarrollo en este proceso. / In this paper the Solidary plan: Viedma to a self-sustaining economy with dignity is analyzed. It pretends overcoming the subsistence needs of the participants, based on the agro ecological integral farm model. From that proposal, associative and solidary practices are promoted and the group organization is favored through a community-productive settlement. The study of case is framed within the perspective of organizational trajectory postulated by Benecia and Flood. Carrying out an analysis of the process of participative construction in a specific program, allows us to acknowledge the effect played by the trajectories of the actors in the design of the action strategies for problem solving and the role performed by the development agents in this process.