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Pronunciation instruction in the English as a Second Language (ESL) classroom often focuses exclusively on production and fails to address students’ perception problems. This report attempts to explain why L2 learners struggle to perceive and produce segments accurately in their L2 and what can be done to help L2 learners overcome these problems. Accordingly, the report explores how L1 experience and segmental differences between Vietnamese and English contribute to these English language learners’ perception and production problems. The report also considers instructional methods that can be used to help ESL learners overcome their perception and production challenges and recommends several approaches for addressing segments that are often difficult for Vietnamese learners. / text

Twentieth century art in Viêt-Nam underwent immense changes due to the nation�s encounters with the West, through colonialism and two great wars. This thesis examines the significant impact of architecture, clothing painting and sculpture on the development of Vietnamese aesthetics. The very public nature of architecture and clothing will be used as a cultural backdrop for the changing aesthetic ideals in painting and sculpture. The thesis examines the aesthetic merits of Socialist Realism, introduced after reunification in 1975, in particular, its relationship to the art of the Republic of Vie�t- Nam (South Viêt-Nam) from 1954 to 1975. Vietnamese post-war art historians have consistently omitted the significant cultural developments of this period in their writings. A study of this distinctive era will clarify aesthetic changes in the last decades of the twentieth century. After a long period of isolation and ideological constraint, remarkable cultural changes occurred when Viêt-Nam re-established contact with the outside world. This thesis will present the subsequent changes in aesthetics, as an attempt to balance tradition and modernity, within the context of market reforms and the internationalisation of Vietnamese art. These events had a significant impact on the contemporary art market in Viêt-Nam. Through the changes that art history has noted, this thesis argues that the interactions with outsiders were either an impetus or a pressure for changes in Vie�t-Nam�s drive for modernity.

"October 2004" / Exegesis has title: Eschewing legitimacy -- an exegesis accompanying Figurehead; comprising 200,000 words reflecting on the nature of writing a politically-charged novel about modern Cambodia while also questioning the appropriateness of the exegetical act. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 54-70 : v. 2) / 250 leaves ; 30 cm. + 1 exegesis (70 leaves ; 30 cm.) / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, School of Humanities, Discipline of English, 2005

Current understanding of periodontal disease derives from studies mostly conducted in developed countries. However, the disease process among those studied populations may be confounded by the professional dental care. There have been few attempts to investigate factors related to the disease among populations of developing countries where the natural history of the disease is minimally confounded by care. This imbalance is evident in risk assessment research on the associations between periodontal disease and smoking-one of the most significant risk factors for the disease. Also, most studies on smoking used convenience or purposive samples, which may bias the findings. Therefore, there is a need for research conducted among a representative sample of a developing country. The present study aimed to describe the prevalence, extent and severity of chronic adult periodontitis among representative Vietnamese middle-aged adults. Also, it aimed to investigate smoking, which is highly prevalent in Vietnam, as a risk indicator for periodontal disease in a population with minimal access to dental care. The study was designed as a cross-sectional population-based study with a multistage, stratified random sample with probability of selection proportional to population size. The US National Institute of Dental Research (NIDR) protocol was used to assess loss of periodontal attachment among 575 dentate subjects in two randomly selected provinces. Assessment was made at mesial and buccal sites of every present tooth, excluding third molars. A parallel social survey collected socio-demographic information and smoking history, which were assessed for possible association with the disease status. Periodontal disease was highly prevalent among the sample. The patterns of the disease were similar to those reported from other populations. Virtually all subjects expressed some levels of disease, whereas only a few subjects or sites had severe disease. Bivariate analyses revealed significant associations between smoking and lower socio-economic status with more severe expression of the disease. Smoking was consistently associated with poorer periodontal status irrespective of outcome measure investigated. Multivariate models showed that smoking was the most predictive factor for the disease. The Odds Ratio of having severe periodontitis (that is, having 2+sites with loss of attachment more than or equal to 5 mm and 1+sites with pocket depth more than or equal to 4 mm) was 7.93 for heavy smokers compared to non-smokers. A dose-response effect of the association between smoking and the outcomes of the disease was also evident. The study provided a picture of the periodontal status of the representative sample from Vietnamese middle-aged adult population where the disease was less confounded by dental care. Furthermore, the study contributes consistency, strength and dose-response effect to the association of smoking as a risk indicator for periodontal destruction. The study should be used to assist the public health agencies in planning appropriate policies for Vietnam to address smoking and periodontal disease. / Thesis (M.Sc.)--Dental School, 2001.

Thesis (M.S.W.)--York University, 1997. Graduate Programme in Social Work. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 124-130). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/yorku/fullcit?pMQ27393.

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Mode of access: World Wide Web. / Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 154-168). / Electronic reproduction. / Also available by subscription via World Wide Web / xiv, 168 leaves, bound ill. (some col.) 29 cm

Current understanding of periodontal disease derives from studies mostly conducted in developed countries. However, the disease process among those studied populations may be confounded by the professional dental care. There have been few attempts to investigate factors related to the disease among populations of developing countries where the natural history of the disease is minimally confounded by care. This imbalance is evident in risk assessment research on the associations between periodontal disease and smoking-one of the most significant risk factors for the disease. Also, most studies on smoking used convenience or purposive samples, which may bias the findings. Therefore, there is a need for research conducted among a representative sample of a developing country. The present study aimed to describe the prevalence, extent and severity of chronic adult periodontitis among representative Vietnamese middle-aged adults. Also, it aimed to investigate smoking, which is highly prevalent in Vietnam, as a risk indicator for periodontal disease in a population with minimal access to dental care. The study was designed as a cross-sectional population-based study with a multistage, stratified random sample with probability of selection proportional to population size. The US National Institute of Dental Research (NIDR) protocol was used to assess loss of periodontal attachment among 575 dentate subjects in two randomly selected provinces. Assessment was made at mesial and buccal sites of every present tooth, excluding third molars. A parallel social survey collected socio-demographic information and smoking history, which were assessed for possible association with the disease status. Periodontal disease was highly prevalent among the sample. The patterns of the disease were similar to those reported from other populations. Virtually all subjects expressed some levels of disease, whereas only a few subjects or sites had severe disease. Bivariate analyses revealed significant associations between smoking and lower socio-economic status with more severe expression of the disease. Smoking was consistently associated with poorer periodontal status irrespective of outcome measure investigated. Multivariate models showed that smoking was the most predictive factor for the disease. The Odds Ratio of having severe periodontitis (that is, having 2+sites with loss of attachment more than or equal to 5 mm and 1+sites with pocket depth more than or equal to 4 mm) was 7.93 for heavy smokers compared to non-smokers. A dose-response effect of the association between smoking and the outcomes of the disease was also evident. The study provided a picture of the periodontal status of the representative sample from Vietnamese middle-aged adult population where the disease was less confounded by dental care. Furthermore, the study contributes consistency, strength and dose-response effect to the association of smoking as a risk indicator for periodontal destruction. The study should be used to assist the public health agencies in planning appropriate policies for Vietnam to address smoking and periodontal disease. / Thesis (M.Sc.)--Dental School, 2001.

Twentieth century art in Viêt-Nam underwent immense changes due to the nation�s encounters with the West, through colonialism and two great wars. This thesis examines the significant impact of architecture, clothing painting and sculpture on the development of Vietnamese aesthetics. The very public nature of architecture and clothing will be used as a cultural backdrop for the changing aesthetic ideals in painting and sculpture. The thesis examines the aesthetic merits of Socialist Realism, introduced after reunification in 1975, in particular, its relationship to the art of the Republic of Vie�t- Nam (South Viêt-Nam) from 1954 to 1975. Vietnamese post-war art historians have consistently omitted the significant cultural developments of this period in their writings. A study of this distinctive era will clarify aesthetic changes in the last decades of the twentieth century. After a long period of isolation and ideological constraint, remarkable cultural changes occurred when Viêt-Nam re-established contact with the outside world. This thesis will present the subsequent changes in aesthetics, as an attempt to balance tradition and modernity, within the context of market reforms and the internationalisation of Vietnamese art. These events had a significant impact on the contemporary art market in Viêt-Nam. Through the changes that art history has noted, this thesis argues that the interactions with outsiders were either an impetus or a pressure for changes in Vie�t-Nam�s drive for modernity.