Anthropogenic lakes constitute a significant part of the Czech countryside water component which has not been given sufficient attention so far. The presented thesis deals with the assessment of variability of physico-chemical properties of water in 30 selected pit lakes in order to identify specific features associated with quarrying of different mineral raw materials, basin morphometry and trophic level of the lakes affecting the quality of accumulated water. In the second part of the thesis the author deals with the comprehensive limnological study of the Hromnické Lake with extreme water chemism resulting from excavation of pyritic shales and focuses on the phenomenon of meromixis especially. The results are based on the evaluation of physical properties of water in the lake vertical profile (temperature, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, pH, transparency and colour) and chemical analyzes of water samples collected from the surface and bottom of the lakes during the four seasons in 2003-07 (determination of Ca, Mg, Na, K, Nammon., NO3 - , SO4 2- , Cl- and alkalinity), including determination of chlorophyll-a. In the case study of the Hromnické Lake conducted in 2010-11, the analysis of hydrological regime of the lake, determination of PO4 3- , TOC, selected metals (Fe, Mn, Al, Zn, Ni, Cu, Co,...

Watercourses influenced by anthropogenic activity increases in recent years and streams lose their natural character. This situation is critical particularly in small streams with minimal flow rates. The present work deals with the assessment of streams affected by discharges of treated wastewater from small waste water treatment plants. The results showed that in case of average flow in the recipient none of the monitored waste water treatment plants do not negatively affect the stream. Problems can occur when snow melts, when the lower temperature of the flowing water in the wastewater treatment plants negatively affect biological cleaning processes.

This diploma thesis is aimed at the evaluation of the efficiency of surface water treatment technology in water treatment plant U svaté Trojice (Kutná Hora, Vrchlice reservoir). The plant performs destabilisation of impurities by coagulant aluminium sulphate (Al2(SO4)3 . 18 H2O) followed by aggregation induced by mixing with perforated baffles. Suspension is removed by double-stage separation process by means of sedimentation and filtration. When increased concentrations of manganese occur in raw water, manganese is removed by means of oxidation by potassium permanganate. Firstly, the quality of raw water was analysed. Then, the reaction conditions for the effective destabilisation (pH, dose of coagulant) were set using the jar tests. Moreover, sedimentation analysis was used to evaluate the properties of formed suspension and the length of filter cycles was assessed. Measurements were conducted between September 2012 and February 2013. Average value of raw water pH was 7.3, alkalinity was 1.64 mmol/l. DOC concentrations during September and October 2012 were equal to 6.7 mg/l and during November 2012 - February 2013 were 7.6 mg/l. Very low concentrations of aluminium (< 0.02 mg/l) were ascertained throughout the whole period investigated. Results of the jar tests showed that the optimum pH for...

Pharmaceuticals are group of organic substances with significant worldwide consumption in human and veterinary medicine. These compounds may be metabolized in the organism, but in some cases they remain unchanged and both are usually excreted via renal excretion in the native form or as metabolites. Large quantities of pharmaceuticals and their metabolites contaminate municipal wastewater. The wastewater treatment plants are unable to remove these substances completely, so they contaminate surface water, groundwater and soil as well. Due to the biological activity of pharmaceuticals, long - term effect may cause bacterial resistance, endocrine influence, DNA and renal damages in non-target organisms. The phytoextraction and the translocation of radiolabeled diclofenac with 125 I were experimentally studied by using of in vitro cultivated plants Helianthus annuus and Zea mays. Efficiency od phytoextraction was monitored as decrease of radioactivity of tested substance [125 I]diclofenac in Murashige-Skoog cultivation medium. Both species are able to extract tested substance during 8 to 10 days of cultivation, with efficiency approximately 85 % using Zea mays and 79 % using Helianthus annuus. Better extraction ability of diclofenac was observed at Helianthus annuus - 80 mg/ kg of dry weight compared...

This diploma thesis deals with monitoring of water quality in the reservoirs which form the Litovicko- Šárecká cascade. It is a cascade of ponds, waterworks and retention reservoirs situated on the Litovicko-Šárecký stream and is composed of 9 major reservoirs. These reservoirs have different functions: from landscaping, retention, biological as well as recreation: fishing and swimming. Many of these reservoirs flow through human settlements, which have a negative impact on the quality of water within the whole cascade. The goal of this thesis is to monitor physical and chemical indicators of water as well as to determine the composition of phytoplankton populations, assess the state of water depending on the human activities in the basin and also to monitor how has the water quality changed in time and what are the main pollution sources. The water quality was determined from 11 samples collected with monthly intervals during March 2012 to May 2013. Samples were collected on all the reservoirs from the inflow, in the middle and at the outflow for chemical analysis and only from the middle for biological analysis. The following indicators were monitored: temperature, pH, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, indicators of neutralization capacity (ZNK8.3 a KNK4.5), hardness, CODMn, the concentration of...

Title: The influence of water temperature on the rate of recovery during repeated isometric exercise. Objectives: The aim of this thesis is to assess the effect of water temperature on immersion of forearm to water for the sake of speeding up the recovery process during repeated isometric performance. Methods: Five male subjects from the students of FTVS (average age 22 ± 3 years) underwent three meaurements with repeated exercise to exhaustion with various kinds of rest periods. The exercise was represented by three series of intermittent isometric contraction of the finger flexors until exhaustion with 20 minutes rest period. The rest period was represented by the immersion of forearm into cold water (8řC; 15řC;) as well as by a passive rest. Sturation O2 of saturated hemoglobin (SmO2) was monitored by the spectrometer throughout the entire measurements at flexor digitorum profundus. Results: The reliability of measurements was rel=0,79 with standard deviation SD= 27,3s and standard measurement error SEM= 12,5s. The least effective method of recovery was passive recovery. Decrease in the time between the first, second and third contraction respectively was 35s, 34s respectively. Immersion in 15 ř C water under recovery phase led to improvement in the second contraction by 43s and by 27s in the...

Endocrine disruptors are natural or manmade substances which affect hormonal systems of organisms. Biologically relevant concentrations are commonly being detected in the environment. The effluents of wastewater treatment plant present their significant secondary source. Due to their occurence and quantity the interest in mixtures increases. Ecotoxicological assays with genetically modified Saccharomyces cerevisiae were aplied to verify reliability of predictive mathematical models for mixtures of standards (estrone, 17β-estradiol, 17α-ethinylestradiol, estriol, bisphenol A, irgasan, 4-nonylphenol). Chromatographic analysis along with yeast assays were used for the evaluation of real samples of wastewater treatment plant effluents and sediments. Schindler's predictive model and Full logistic model (FLM) were more reliable for predicting the whole dose-response curve compared to Generalized concentration addition (GCA). Predicted values of a parameter EC50 from all three models were comparable to empirical measurements. Three out of four samples exhibited estrogenic activity 0.65 - 1.70 ng/L 17β-estradiol ekvivalent (EEQ) above the limit of detection 0.13 - 0.33 ng/L EEQ. Antiestrogenic activity was detected in one of the samples. Prediction could be carried out only in the case of the sediments...

The diploma thesis is focused on the issue of surface water pollution, which is one of the biggest problems of the contemporary world. The pollution of watercourses and reservoirs worsens the quality of aquatic ecosystems as well as ecosystems in their surroundings. The typical sources of surface water pollution include especially point sources (human settlements, industrial sites) and land resources (agriculture). While the point sources of pollution can be monitored, the situation is far more complicated for the field sources. In agricultural farming, the fertilizer residues, pesticides and other substances come into the groundwater and the surface water. The aim of this work is to find out the quality of surface water in the measuring profiles (river Malše), to find out the hydrological situation during the year and to evaluate the impact of chemical pollution sources influencing the quality of the surface water in the river basin.

Cílem této diplomové práce je analyzovat počáteční vývoj budování značky DOBRÁ VODA, srovnat marketingové komunikace stolních a minerálních vod a zhodnotit image značky DOBRÁ VODA na základě průzkumu trhu. Předpokladem je, že povědomí o značce DOBRÁ VODA je poměrně vysoké, ale image značky z důvodu vysoké konkurence na trhu postupně upadá a DOBRÁ VODA se mezi svými konkurenty není schopna výrazně odlišit. Práce pojednává o strategickém budování značky, brand buildingu a image značek a dále se věnuje značce DOBRÁ VODA a jejím konkurentům. Image značky DOBRÁ VODA byla hodnocena pomocí design testu a to ve vztahu ke 4 dalším konkurentům. Podrobné výsledky tohoto šetření jsou obsaženy v kapitole 8.2.

Small standing water bodies that support colonization and help the survival of many species are nowadays often under threat. Since relationships between species and environments are often complex and not fully understood in these systems, this literature review has been written and a mesocosm experiment has been carried out in order to identify main mechanisms driving community assembly in habitats differing in complexity. I investigated the influence of artificial vegetation and clay on the community composition over a period of time. I found that a turbid environment (with clay) was not suitable for predators. This corresponds to our finding that in these environments, prey groups should be better developed, although the environment is different for each species.