The purpose of this thesis is to describe issues of wastewater systems and a design for separate sewage network in a particular village. Literary publications dealing with this particular subject and digital documents based on cadastral map were used to create the thesis. Drawing documentation of designed sewerage system is also part of the dissertation. Thesis is composed of two parts. The first part deals with the history of sewage disposal and treatment. Following familiarization with current trends in drainage of urbanized areas and the subsequent wastewater treatment. Types of wastewater, indicators of pollution and available options of draining from settlements are discussed. The second part is devoted to the practical part. Begins by describing the location of interest, continues with proposal of sewerage system and hydraulic dimensioning wastewater treatment plant. The benefit of this thesis is to deepen knowledge in the field of sewerage and waste water treatment. Another positive aspect is the application of knowledge gained in school examples to real practice.

Evolution and advancements of human activity is unstoppable, still we should not forget about basic natural processes which proceed no matter how man can influence them. Water is one of the main constructors of life and is necessary for function of everything live on the planet Earth. It often is categorized among the inexhaustible resources, still there lacks enough drinkable water. It is consumption grows in recent years with fast development of cities. It is the most important part of life on Earth and with urbanization and anthropogenic interference water is negatively affected and thus it is processes in nature. Interfering with water cycle makes for higher occurrences of droughts and floods, the quality of water streams suffers. Urban areas lack the surface where water could soak into the subsoil and underground water resources shrink. Through all these influences with which we affect natural water cycles the need for water and its consumption grows in our societies. For effective use of water comes up the idea of using not only the drinkable water but waste water and other types as well. Sources can be various, rain water, reused water. The focal point of this thesis is to be the impetus of discussion concerning the use of rain water and directly cleaning and reusing the water which comes straight from our homes. Rain water fills up underground water resources and also could be used in place of potable water. Substituting the potable water in activities and industries where such a high quality water is not needed and could be easily replaced with grey water. Grey water, being the waste water that comes from our bathrooms, is easily cleaned and can be used for various necessities. Current state where the potable water is used in absolute majority of human life appears to be extremely wasteful and unecological. Use of grey water and rain water is a possibility of ecological and thrifty water management which could prevent environmental damages and save water resources for the next generations.

Volume of consumed antibiotics in developed countries have increased eminently in past few decades. These substances are excreted from human body in various abundance and end up in the sewage. Sewage water flow to sewage treatment plants to be partly cleaned and finaly discharged to surface waters. Pharmaceutical residuals leaking to water environment of recipients affect local biota. Impact of pharmaceutical residuals present in biological pond Čežárka was assessed in this study. Čežárka biological pond (2,6 ha) is a recipient of discharged waters of sewage treatment plant in Vodnany, the town with 7 000 inhabitants. Biological ponds are good solution for final treatment of wastewater discharged from sewage treatment plant efluents. The nutrients from wastewater may enter the food chain of pond ecosystem. In total 62 pharmaceuticals were identified in water of sewage pond. Fish exposed in the pond for 30, 90, 180, 320 and 360 days were compared with fish of control group. Growth, condition of fish and biomarkers including level of vitellogenin in blood plasma, lipid peroxidation rate, antioxidative activity of catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, glutathione S-transferase and superoxide dismutase were compared. The study proved the environmental impact of STP dischanrge containing pharmaceutical residuals in fish. Significant adaptation of fish to environment of biological pond was observed after 90 days of exposure.

The diploma thesis deals with groundwater issues. The village Jenín was chosen for the work. The work contains theoretical and practical part. Theoretical part explains the terms connected with groundwater and its sources. The parctical part describes the area of interest and there are listed the sources of groundwater that were found during the survey of the territory. Within the survey a short analysis of water was carried out for four groundwater sources. The conclusion of this work assesses the current status of groundwater resources and proposes measures. The work includes a list of sources that has been used, photohraphs of the area of interest and short water analysis.

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In my Thesis I deal with the translation theory based on the work and novels of the Sicilian writer Andrea Camilleri. Analyzing his Czech translations, and comparing them with the experiences and models from Alice Flemrová and Kateřina Vinšová when interpreting the typical Camilleri style. My observations were based on the author's life and what shaped him into the entity known by his readers.

Title: Effect of water temperature during cold water immersion on repeated isometric performance Objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of water temperature on recovery using repeated isometric performance of finger flexors to exhaustion Methods: The study was attended by a group of climbers consisting of 16 men (aged 30.8 ± 7.2 years) and 18 women (aged 26.7 ± 4.5 years). Participants came 3 times in the laboratory, where repeated intermittent isometric performance until exhaustion with different recovery strategy (passive recovery, immersion of forearm to 8ř C water - CWI 8, immersion of forearm to 15ř C water - CWI 15) were completed Results: The results were evaluated according time of contraction and force- time-integral (FTI). After passive recovery, the second time of contraction dropped by ↓ 9% and the third contraction by 20% compared to the first one. In response to cold water (CWI), after CWI 8 second time of contraction increased by ↑ 32% and CWI 15 by ↑ 36% compared to the first one. The third time of contraction was worse for CWI 8 by ↓ 4%, and CWI 15 was better by ↑ 26% compared to the first contraction. Conclusion: Cold water immersion is an effective recovery method between intermittent isometric performance compared to passive recovery strategy. CWI 15 is more...

Possibility of water and nutrient retention increase in agricultural landscape on example of Třeboňsko area is subject of PhD thesis presented here by Mgr. Richard Lhotský. PhD thesis is divided into three main chapters that try to answer three basic questions: 1. How far is possible to increase landscape water retention using fishponds? 2. Large amount of nutrient and soil leach arable land, both causing surface water euthrophication and a bigger sedimentation in fishponds. Is it possible to moderate these harmful effects? 3. If wetlands became a part of landscape features how to utilize plant biomass from these areas. Fishponds or even whole fishpond system is a specific component of czech rural landscape and fulfill several important functions. Water accumulation and retention are the most important considering the thesis ? fishponds collect water from a catchment area and also collect floodwaves. Current agriculture based on originally steppe crop needs amelioration. In spite lot of positive features we have to bear in mind that water drainage systems increase mineralization of an organic matter in soil and nutrient loss which might be economically important as well as decrease of surface water quality due to the euthphication. Wetlands and small water bodies (fishponds) may play important role as a nutrient trap in agricultural catchment areas, reuse them and prevent their loss from a landscape and whole Czech Republic. It is necessary to solve a utilization of plant biomass from nutrient and water retention areas and use that in biogas plants seems to be one of the most promising.

This work focuses on the evaluation of dependence between the spring discharge fluctuations and water temperature, both during the year and extreme rainfall-runoff events, on spring equipped with a V-notch weir with a continuous monitoring of spring water temperature and water level above the weir. Data were gathered on descending fissure spring of Tocnicky stream, located in the southwestern part of the Planicky ridge natural park in Klatovsko region. More data and stand characteristics (air temperature, soil temperature profile, soil moisture) were measured for better evaluation of the dependence, both at the spring location and in the infiltration area on the western slope of local highest peak Rovná. The formation of runoff on the slope above measured spring is likely to be subject to a combination of shallow circulation with a component of preferential flow during extreme rainfall-runoff events and deeper circulation, which is not yet well known and understood.

Aim of this work were to assessed the impact of feeding, temperature, stocking density, fish size and water temperature on ammonia excretion and oxygen consumption of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in recirculating system. Concentration (saturation) of oxygen, water temperature and pH were measured using multimeter and concentration of ammonia was assessed by direct Nessler method. For assessing of effect of fish size, three groups of tilapias weighed 25, 65 and 140 g were established, each group in four replicates. For assessing of effect of feeding was tilapias (body weight 65g) divided into groups fed continuously, two meals per day and four meals per day, each group in four replicates. For assessing of effect of stocking density was tilapias (body weight 65g) divided into groups of 20, 50 and 80 kg.m-3, each group in four replicates. All experiments were performed for water temperature of 23, 27 and 31 °C and for fed and starved fish. Mean daily oxygen consumption was higher for smaller fish categories than for bigger ones and grow rapidly after feeding. The kind of feeding had impact on diurnal fluctuation of oxygen consumption. It was also confirmed that tilapia can survive low level of oxygen concentration for a quite long period.