The thesis presents a comparative analysis of the Scottish and Welsh Labour Party's position. The work is focuses on the change of regional party's branches after devolution, which the Labour Party introduced in 1999. At the decentralized level was created a new devolved institution, a new party system and a new electoral system, which has brought the possibility of coalition government. These changes were meant a big challenge for the party. The party must adapt to new conditions and change access to regional affiliates. The changes are analyzed according to the theoretical framework created by J. Hopkin and supplemented by the theory of Laffin, Shaw and Taylor. Areas of party activities are being explored, such as election of candidates, electoral and governmental strategies, election leaders, organization and party financing, and party status in a party system based on elections to the Westminster and Regional Parliament or National Assembly. The thesis briefly describes history of the Labour Party and its organization, which is necessary for analysis after devolutional position of the party. There is briefly described the devolution itself in the British environment and the emergence and system of newly established legislative institutions, including the electoral system.

Remote internet voting is a phenomenon of modern democratic societies. This topic has slowly become an important and frequent subject of political research. Thus, the aim of the thesis was to analyse this inovative, but yet controversial, method of voting from the standpoint of voting rights. The first of the thesis is concern on the general theory of elections and legal concept of voting rights to understand the meaning of elements of voting rights. The second part of the thesis comprises three case studies on countries which have already organised the remote internet voting in some types of elections: Estonia, Switzerland and the Netherlands. These chapters have proved several issues and variables between particular e-voting systems, such as the possibility of casting e-votes repeatedly, who is allowed to use internet voting or where votes can be cast on-line. The main goal of the thesis was to provide a clear set of potentional barriers of remote internet voting for an accomplishment of democratic suffrage in cases of these three countries and evaluate the possibilities of the idea of remote internet voting used in the electoral system of the Czech Republic. Thus, the third part of the thesis was focused on the case of the Czech republic and main principles of vote suffrage. The author...

The democratic structure and institutions of government of Ghana resumed force on December 7th, 1992, after decades of military rule. For democracy to be considered ideal, it must satisfy certain criteria among which elections are prominent. Though it does not suffice to claim perfection of democracy on the basis of countless successful elections and peaceful transitions, elections are vital in the process of democratization. The youth of Ghana has been sidelined in the process of meaningful and responsible electoral process; their roles have been reduced to the perpetuation of election crimes by politicians of power and influence. Though, the youth have shown interest in politics through forms such as influencing executive decisions through positive agitations, serving as supporting bases for parties and assisting in fundraising, serving as polling agents for their sympathized parties, and performing election functions on behalf of the Electoral Commission, these roles are limited to a few youth who have proven themselves worthy, a chunk of the youth avail themselves to be used as tools in the hands of politicians to perpetuate crime. Their desire to engage in politics and electoral process in a useful way has been barred by a number of factors. 25 politically knowledgeable respondents were selected, interviewed through social media platforms, it was identified that, the youth are not entirely disregarded in the political and election process, nonetheless, their involvement is conditional on the whims of political god-fathers who use the youth in meeting their political ends. Their apathy towards elections is borne from their disappointment in the political leaders. Conscious state policy to motivate the youth to take up meaningful electoral roles and the need to establish a youth political party whose leadership is strictly youth was recommended.

The thesis is focused on application and use of voting system Democracy 21. The aim of the thesis is to create a simulation of voting system in Kobylí by using questionnaire survey and to evaluate its implementation in real life based on the survey results. First part of the thesis focuses on theoretical knowledge of public vote with purpose of comparing voting systems that are presented in this section. Second part introduces my own work. It contains the analysis of successful projects that used voting system Democracy 21 in Czech Republic, questionnaire survey among residents of Kobylí, evaluation of collected data and subsequent con-sultation of the collected data with representatives of the local authority.

There was a record-breaking gain of seats that was based on preference votes in the 2010 election to the Chamber of Deputies of the Parliament of the Czech Republic. The aim of my diploma thesis is to determine whether the reason for the above was a more active and effective utilization of the voters' preference votes, or it was a result of the different rules for the preferential voting. The clarification of the reasons is based on the analyses of the quantity of used preference votes from the voters' side, their active participation, and the ability to accumulate votes for several selected candidates. The thesis compares the results of the last election and elections in 2002 and 2006 and explores the differences that had happened in the course of these three elections. The thesis is also focused on models of voting behavior. It monitors which characteristics represent the voters who give the preference votes, and on the contrary, which candidates' characteristics are important for these voters and which are irrelevant.

This thesis focuses on the less studied electoral systems, which are called ordinal. These methods allow the voters to order the candidates according to their preferences. The work provides a historical insight into this issue with regard to economics and political science theories, based on the concept of the Condorcet winner. Condorcet winner is the person who defeats all other candidates in pairwise elections and by theorists of the electoral system is the ability to choose the Condorcet winner essential. The work examines three electoral methods - alternative and suplementary vote and Borda rule. These electoral systems are analyzed in terms of effects to system of political parties, political actors and the electorate, with the emphasis on the utilization rate of preferential votes. These aspects are examined on the basis of the actual election results obtained from the website of the electoral commissions and independent institutions. Based on these data, a mathematical model that compares the effects of electoral systems is then created. The conclusion summarizes the results of the analysis and the author expresses further recommendations to address these electoral methods, not only professionally and scientifically, but also as real alternatives for real election.

The aim of my thesis is to assess a relevant facts for better explanation of the shift which happened in electoral cooperation between National party (Old Czechs) and National liberal party (Young Czechs) during 1891-1907. It observes the cooperative policy of the leaders of Old Czechs, who were obliged to react to the structural changes of Czech party system, which took place in Bohemia at the turn of the century. This explanation is being done with regard to organizational and ideological patterns of National party.

This thesis is devoted to the election and political marketing topics. I analysed different types of political marketing tools and guerilla marketing tools. Guerilla marketing is a special marketing form suitable for some campaign situations. Moreover we can use it for campaign optimization. This optimization is the core of this topic. It is important to find the best tools, with the lowest expenses for our preferred voters. In addition to that, I introduced several kinds of campaign tactics useable in the Czech politics. There are also election campaign proposed budgets for different types of the Czech elections.

This diploma thesis opens a new deep insight into the issue of electoral systems in Czech and Central European political science. The mid-point of this research is the electoral bias in the electoral system to the Chamber of Deputies of the Parliament of the Czech Republic. The electoral bias is researched on all general elections from 1996 until 2013. To find out the electoral bias I apply mathematical method created and used by professor Galina Borisyuk from University of Plymouth. This method is based on several mathematical methods used by the American and the British political scientists for decades. However, the new method created by Galina Borisyuk is the most convenient for many reasons. Mainly this method isn't necessarily connected with plurality majority system, which was essential variable so far. Second key attribute of this method is the possibility to apply it on the three party systems, which is important variable for our political system in the Czech Republic as well. In analytical part of this research I apply the new mathematical method in all elections to the Chamber of Deputies of the Parliament of the Czech Republic. Ascertained results are analysed in the conclusion together that I have set the feasible ways to develop a new path the research of bias in the future.

This thesis deals with the success of the two newly formed parties ANO 2011 and Úsvit přímé demokracie Tomia Okamury in the elections to the House of Commons in the Czech Republic in 2013. These two parties gained a substantial percentage of votes and became part of the government despite the fact, that they were established shortly before the elections. In the theoretical part of this thesis, the formation and success of new parties abroad and in the Czech Republic is analysed. The main focus are the voters voting these parties, so there is an extended part dealing with voting behavior in the Czech Republic. Secondary analysis is the research method used in this thesis; its advantages are discussed in the methodological part. Secondary analysis of multiple high quality data sets is used to compare the voters of the new parties and the voters of other established parties. It turns out there are significant differences between these two groups in the areas of sociodemography, political views and experiences and even outlooks on life. The trend of new parties, which started already in the 2010 elections, is obviously continuing and it seems that it is even broadening.