Throughout recent years, computer based programs have been applied to solve and analyse industrial problems encountered global fields such as automobile design for reduction of CO2-gas, designing wind parks aimed at increasing power output etc. One of these developed programs is Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) which numerically solves complex flow behaviour based on computer power. As there is an ongoing expansion of CFD usage in industry, certain issues need to be addressed as they are becoming more frequently encountered. The general demand for the simulation of larger control volumes and more advanced flow processes result in an extensive requirement of computer resources. Moreover, the implementation of commercial CFD codes in small-scaled industrial companies seems to generally be utilised as a black box based on the knowledge of fluid mechanic theory. Increased partnerships between industry and the academic world involving various CFD based design processes generally yield to a verbal communication interface, which is a crucial step in the process given the level of dependency between both sides. Based on these notions, a method for establishing time efficient CFD-models with implementation of volume forces as sink terms in the momentum equation is presented. The internal structure, or parts of the structure, in the simulation domain is removed which reduces the geometrical complexity and along with it, computational demand.  These models are the basis of assessing the benefits of utilizing a numerical based design process in industry in which the CFD code is used as a communication tool for knowledge sharing with counterparts in different fields. / As there is an ongoing expansion of CFD usage in industry, certain issues need to be addressed as they are becoming more frequently encountered. The general demand for the simulation of larger control volumes and more advanced flow processes result in an extensive requirement of computer resources. Moreover, the implementation of commercial CFD codes in small-scaled industrial companies seems to generally be utilised as a black box based on the knowledge of fluid mechanic theory. Increased partnerships between industry and the academic world involving various CFD based design processes generally yield to a verbal communication interface, which is a crucial step in the process given the level of dependency between both sides. Based on these notions, a method for establishing time efficient CFD-models with implementation of volume forces as sink terms in the momentum equation is presented. The internal structure, or parts of the structure, in the simulation domain is removed which reduces the geometrical complexity and along with it, computational demand.  These models are the basis of assessing the benefits of utilizing a numerical based design process in industry in which the CFD code is used as a communication tool for knowledge sharing with counterparts in different fields.

Les fluides à seuil ont des propriétés mécaniques étonnantes : en dessous d'une certaine contrainte, appelée contrainte seuil, le fluide se comporte comme un solide. Au-delà de la contrainte seuil, ils s'écoulent comme un gel. Ce mémoire porte sur l'étude des actions des forces magnétiques volumiques sur ces fluides. Nous étudions la possibilité de réaliser la transition solide-gel à partir des forces magnétiques volumiques créées par différents dispositifs magnétiques. Ces fluides n'ont pas de propriétés magnétiques particulières. Il est donc nécessaire de créer des champs magnétiques intenses pour agir sans contact sur ces fluides. Nous étudions différentes configurations magnétiques capables de dépasser la contrainte seuil au sein du fluide. L'influence des différents paramètres des configurations magnétiques est explorée, notamment à l'aide d'études paramétriques. Notre travail mêle des équations de magnétostatique et de mécanique des fluides non-newtoniens. Les calculs de magnétostatique sont menés de façon analytique alors que la partie mécanique et le couplage magnéto-mécanique sont traités par un logiciel de simulation numérique par la méthode des éléments finis. Les conditions magnétiques et mécaniques nécessaires à la transition solide-gel et à la modification d'écoulements de fluides à seuil sont discutées, notamment à l'aide de simulations numériques et de nombres adimensionnels / Yield stress fluids have amazing mechanical properties: below a particular shear stress, called yield stress, the fluid behaves like a solid. Once the yield stress is exceeded, they flow like a viscous fluid or a gel. This thesis deals with the effects of magnetic volume forces on these fluids. We study the opportunity of the solid-gel transition from magnetic volume forces created by various magnetic devices. These fluids have no special magnetic properties. It is therefore necessary to create intense magnetic fields to act without contact on these fluids. We study different magnetic configurations that are able to exceed the yield stress in the fluid. The influences of different parameters of the magnetic configurations is explored, including using parametric studies. Our work combine equations of magnetostatic and non-newtonian fluid mechanics. Magnetostatic calculations are carried out analytically, while the mechanical and magneto-mechanical coupling are processed by a finite element analysis software. Magnetic and mechanical conditions required to the solid-gel transition and to the modification of yield stress fluids flows are discussed, using numerical simulations and dimensionless numbers