Pesquisa exploratório-descritiva, de caráter qualitativo, sobre a presença do turismo na Província Franciscana de Imaculada Conceição no Brasil, que objetiva compreender a ocorrência do turismo voluntário nessa Província, como interstício emergente na integração entre diferentes motivações vigentes na conformação de um novo paradigma das viagens turísticas. Com base em observações assistemáticas, bibliografia e entrevista semi-estruturada com experts, discorre sobre a Hospitalidade, Turismo e Voluntariado, com destaque para as questões do trabalho voluntário e do turismo voluntário. Em seguida, trata da cultura franciscana e o franciscanismo no Brasil, a partir registros oficiais, matérias da imprensa, obras específicas, além da própria vivência do autor junto a essa comunidade. Desenvolve pesquisa sobre o turismo voluntário na Província, a partir de entrevistas semi-estruturadas junto a franciscanos e seus representantes diretamente envolvidos no planejamento e na operacionalização do turismo voluntário. Os resultados obtidos são analisados enfocando diversos aspectos como o conhecimento das ações e projetos, a aceitação de voluntários, as características das viagens, o perfil do turista voluntário e repercussões das mesmas. Dentre as conclusões destaca-se a falta de dados sistematizados sobre esse segmento no âmbito da Província, e a pouca atuação de turistas voluntários brasileiros na Província. / This is an exploratory-descriptive research of qualitative character, about the presence of the tourism in the Franciscan Province of Imaculada Conceição - Brazil -, and aims to comprehend the occurrence of the volunteer tourism in that Province, as an emergent interstice in the integration among different motivations that appears in the configuration of a new model of the touristic travels. Based upon unsystematic observations, bibliography, and semi-structured intervew with expert, it is about the Hospitality, Tourism and voluntary service, underlining the volunteer work and volunteer tourism questions. Going ahead it is about the franciscan culture and the \"franciscanism\' in Brazil from the official records, press matters, specific works, beyond the own author\'s experience next to that community. It is a developped research about the volunteer tourism in the Province, from the semi-structured intervews with the franciscans and their representatives straightly involved in the planning and in the execution of the volunteer tourism. The obtained results are analyzed focusing several aspects as the actions and projects knowledge, the acceptance of volunteers, the characteristics of the journeys, the profile of the volunteer tourist and therepercussions of the same. Among the conclusions we stress the absence of systematized data about that segment in the extent of the Province, and to the little action of Brazilian volunteer tourists in the Province.

Pesquisa exploratório-descritiva, de caráter qualitativo, sobre a presença do turismo na Província Franciscana de Imaculada Conceição no Brasil, que objetiva compreender a ocorrência do turismo voluntário nessa Província, como interstício emergente na integração entre diferentes motivações vigentes na conformação de um novo paradigma das viagens turísticas. Com base em observações assistemáticas, bibliografia e entrevista semi-estruturada com experts, discorre sobre a Hospitalidade, Turismo e Voluntariado, com destaque para as questões do trabalho voluntário e do turismo voluntário. Em seguida, trata da cultura franciscana e o franciscanismo no Brasil, a partir registros oficiais, matérias da imprensa, obras específicas, além da própria vivência do autor junto a essa comunidade. Desenvolve pesquisa sobre o turismo voluntário na Província, a partir de entrevistas semi-estruturadas junto a franciscanos e seus representantes diretamente envolvidos no planejamento e na operacionalização do turismo voluntário. Os resultados obtidos são analisados enfocando diversos aspectos como o conhecimento das ações e projetos, a aceitação de voluntários, as características das viagens, o perfil do turista voluntário e repercussões das mesmas. Dentre as conclusões destaca-se a falta de dados sistematizados sobre esse segmento no âmbito da Província, e a pouca atuação de turistas voluntários brasileiros na Província. / This is an exploratory-descriptive research of qualitative character, about the presence of the tourism in the Franciscan Province of Imaculada Conceição - Brazil -, and aims to comprehend the occurrence of the volunteer tourism in that Province, as an emergent interstice in the integration among different motivations that appears in the configuration of a new model of the touristic travels. Based upon unsystematic observations, bibliography, and semi-structured intervew with expert, it is about the Hospitality, Tourism and voluntary service, underlining the volunteer work and volunteer tourism questions. Going ahead it is about the franciscan culture and the \"franciscanism\' in Brazil from the official records, press matters, specific works, beyond the own author\'s experience next to that community. It is a developped research about the volunteer tourism in the Province, from the semi-structured intervews with the franciscans and their representatives straightly involved in the planning and in the execution of the volunteer tourism. The obtained results are analyzed focusing several aspects as the actions and projects knowledge, the acceptance of volunteers, the characteristics of the journeys, the profile of the volunteer tourist and therepercussions of the same. Among the conclusions we stress the absence of systematized data about that segment in the extent of the Province, and to the little action of Brazilian volunteer tourists in the Province.

Ecotourism has often failed to deliver appropriate, tangible benefits to host communities living near protected areas in developing regions of Africa. The Robford Community Conservation Benefit Centre (RCCBC) model was developed as a means to overcome many of the common problems of community-based ecotourism and to enhance the range and flow of benefits to such communities by developing a suite of products and programmes aimed specifically at scientists, volunteer tourists and participatory environmental research tourists. This study tests the aims that the necessary tourism, geographic, social and research conditions are present for the implementation of the RCCBC model in a local community situated close to the Great Fish River Nature Reserve (GFRNR) in South Africa. Situational assessment fieldtrips determined that the GFRNR, its immediate tourism egion and the ten settlements surrounding the nature reserve conformed to RCCBC development guidelines and were suitable for further detailed investigation. One of the settlements, Glenmore Village, conformed most closely to the RCCBC model’s guidelines for selecting a preferred host community. A census survey of all households in Glenmore determined a demographic profile of village residents. A random sample survey of 70 Glenmore households established a social profile of the community’s residents and their attitude to various aspects of the RCCBC model. A spatial analysis of the Glenmore precinct determined that sufficient, suitable land was available for the development of RCCBC products and programmes. The findings of the research indicated that the tourism, geographic, social and research conditions were present at Glenmore, the GFRNR and its surrounding tourism region for the implementation of the RCCBC model and the development of the model’s proposed products and programmes at Glenmore Village. Implementation of the RCCBC model at Glenmore and the GFRNR as a pilot study could introduce a new way of bringing tangible, meaningful benefits to select communities located close to protected areas in existing tourism regions that have failed to benefit either completely or partially from traditional forms of ecotourism development in the past. / Environmental Sciences / M. Sc. (Environmental Management)

This thesis investigates volunteering as performance. In exploring this topic I discuss a dynamic between self-interest and selflessness in the observable performance of service through the social mechanisms of volunteerism. I argue that self-interest is a prominent motivation for volunteering, but its overt performance is kept in check by norms that emphasize selflessness. My argument centers on addressing this lack of acknowledgement toward self-interest within vernacular culture. My research draws examples from an individual, organizational, and global volunteer perspective. Ethnographic research was conducted for this study with a student group that organizes one of the American Cancer Society’s Relay For Life fundraisers. Within this organization, I conceptualize volunteering as a performance that requires a social actor to not just “do” service, but also “show do” and/or “explain show do” their behavior in front of an audience. This presentation culminates in a cultural performance where participants at Relay For Life perform a narrative of selflessness. Expanding my discussion of volunteering to a global perspective, my last chapter addresses volunteer tourism. I argue that the self-interest of both volunteers and volunteer travel companies reduces the recipients of volunteer tourism to essentialized and exociticized cultural "Others." I advocate for the overt acknowledgement of self-interest not only because self-interest is present, but also because it is a central dynamic that constructs volunteerism as performance.

Ecotourism has often failed to deliver appropriate, tangible benefits to host communities living near protected areas in developing regions of Africa. The Robford Community Conservation Benefit Centre (RCCBC) model was developed as a means to overcome many of the common problems of community-based ecotourism and to enhance the range and flow of benefits to such communities by developing a suite of products and programmes aimed specifically at scientists, volunteer tourists and participatory environmental research tourists. This study tests the aims that the necessary tourism, geographic, social and research conditions are present for the implementation of the RCCBC model in a local community situated close to the Great Fish River Nature Reserve (GFRNR) in South Africa. Situational assessment fieldtrips determined that the GFRNR, its immediate tourism egion and the ten settlements surrounding the nature reserve conformed to RCCBC development guidelines and were suitable for further detailed investigation. One of the settlements, Glenmore Village, conformed most closely to the RCCBC model’s guidelines for selecting a preferred host community. A census survey of all households in Glenmore determined a demographic profile of village residents. A random sample survey of 70 Glenmore households established a social profile of the community’s residents and their attitude to various aspects of the RCCBC model. A spatial analysis of the Glenmore precinct determined that sufficient, suitable land was available for the development of RCCBC products and programmes. The findings of the research indicated that the tourism, geographic, social and research conditions were present at Glenmore, the GFRNR and its surrounding tourism region for the implementation of the RCCBC model and the development of the model’s proposed products and programmes at Glenmore Village. Implementation of the RCCBC model at Glenmore and the GFRNR as a pilot study could introduce a new way of bringing tangible, meaningful benefits to select communities located close to protected areas in existing tourism regions that have failed to benefit either completely or partially from traditional forms of ecotourism development in the past. / Environmental Sciences / M. Sc. (Environmental Management)