The aim of the Master Thesis entitled "Analysis of marketing appeals in advertisement" is to study how consumers perceive particular appeals in terms of the credibility and popularity. Furthermore, research is focused on finding out with what kind of products responders associate the advertisements with appeals of fear, humor and warmth. Next aim is to find out how responders perceive quantity of advertisement with the particular appeals. Finally, I focus on finding what examples of advertisements using the particular appeals responders recall. The work is divided into theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part covers theoretical basis of advertisement as well as psychological aspects in advertisements. Final chapter of the theoretical part is devoted to appeals in advertisement. The practical part comprises results of questionnaire, which is based on snowball method and the content analysis of 200 TV commercials, which provides information on what appeals are the most frequent ones in analyzed TV commercials.

Homeless youth face numerous risks. Data on 602 homeless youth from the Midwest Homeless and Runaway Study and binary logistic regression were used to identify factors associated with their participation in risky sexual behaviors. Specifically, the effects of abuse/neglect and three potential moderating resiliency indicators, namely self-esteem, parental warmth, and parental monitoring, on having sex before adulthood and thinking about trading sex for food or shelter were examined. While none of the three resiliency indicators had the hypothesized moderating effects, controlling for abuse/neglect and various sociodemographic characteristics, parental monitoring had a direct, negative effect on having sex before adulthood, and self-esteem and parental warmth had direct, negative effects on thinking about trading sex for food or shelter. Policy implications of the findings are discussed.

Adopted children enter families with parents who on average are older, have higher income, and have more education than other family structures. Because adopted children are moving into families with more resources, research suggests that they would do just as well as, and perhaps even better than, children in biological two-parent households. However, this is not always the case. Understanding how different variables could offset any negative results of adoption is a puzzle that researchers are continually exploring. Previous research has investigated differences in investments from adoptive and biological parents through multiple theoretical lenses. I seek to add to current research by looking at parental investments of warmth and aversive and non-aversive discipline. Using the ECLS-K:2011 dataset, I examine the responses of parents of kindergarteners to questions about warmth and discipline. I find that there are no significant differences in parental warmth or aversive disciplinary strategies. However, when looking at the non-aversive disciplinary strategies of using time-out, I find that adoptive parents use time-out more. Additionally, adoptive parents use chores as discipline much less than biological parents, which aligns with none of the proposed theories and suggests a need for further research on how chores are viewed in discipline literature.

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The link between interparental conflict and adolescents’ maladjustment has been well established among European Americans; however, relatively few studies examine these relationships in Chinese societies. This study used longitudinal data from the Taiwan Youth Project (TYP), an on-going longitudinal panel research project focused on adolescent development, in order to examine the relationship between interparental conflict and depressive symptoms and externalizing problem behaviors of adolescents. In addition, this study examined parental warmth as a mediating variable for the relationship between interparental conflict and adolescents’ maladjustment. The results showed that interparental conflict predicted depressive symptoms among adolescents two years later. Mediation analysis indicated that parental warmth partially mediated the relationship between interparental conflict and depressive symptoms. However, findings indicated that there was no direct effect between interparental conflict and adolescent externalizing behaviors two years later; rather, the association was indirect through the mediating variable of overall parental warmth. Thus, overall parental warmth fully mediated the relationship between interparental conflict and subsequent externalizing behaviors. These results yield valuable information for clinical intervention and further research.

Background: Myths, misconceptions and a general lack of information surround the use of gloves and mittens in extreme cold environments. Objective. This study assessed how well an assortment of gloves and mittens performed in a very cold environment. Methods. A convenience sample of gloves and mittens were tested in Antarctica during the winter of 2016 using a calibrated thermometer (range: -148 degrees F to +158 degrees F/-1008C to +70 degrees C) three times over a 0.5-mile distance (similar to 20 minutes). A small sensor on a 10-foot-long cable was taped to the radial surface of the distal small finger on the non-dominant hand. The tested clothing was donned over the probe, the maximum temperature inside the glove/mitten was established near a building exit (ambient temperature approximately 54 degrees F/12 degrees C), and the building was exited, initiating the test. The hand was kept immobile during the test. Some non-heated gloves were tested with chemical heat warmers placed over the volar or dorsal wrist. Results. The highest starting (96 degrees F/36 degrees C) and ending (82 degrees F/28 degrees C) temperatures were with electrically heated gloves. The lowest starting temperature was with electrically heated gloves with the power off (63 degrees F/17 degrees C). Non-heated gloves with an inserted chemical hand warmer had the lowest minimum temperature (33 degrees F/1 degrees C). Maximum temperatures for gloves/mittens did not correlate well with their minimum temperature. Conclusions. Coverings that maintained finger temperatures within a comfortable and safe range (at or above 59 degrees F/15 degrees C) included the heated gloves and mittens (including some with the power off) and mittens with liners. Mittens without liners (shell) generally performed better than unheated gloves. Better results generally paralleled the item's cost. Inserting chemical heat warmers at the wrist increased heat loss, possibly through the exposed area around the warmer.

The specific purposes investigated were to ascertain the effect of training in interaction analysis upon the levels of 1. accurate empathy in teachers, 2. nonpossissive warmth in teachers, 3. genuineness in teachers, and 4. an analysis of the relationship between interaction analysis and the interpersonal behavior of the classroom teacher in view of its implications in teacher education.

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